喀斯特季节性雨林木本植物胸高断面积分布格局及其对地形因子的响应

doi:10.17520/biods.2015207

生物多样性 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (1): 30-39. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015207

• 研究报告: 生态系统多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

喀斯特季节性雨林木本植物胸高断面积分布格局及其对地形因子的响应

郭屹立^1,², 王斌^1,², 向悟生^1,², 丁涛^1,², 陆树华^1,², 黄甫昭^1,², 文淑均^1,², 李冬兴^1,², 何运林^1,², 李先琨^1,^2,^*()

1 广西喀斯特植物保育与恢复生态学重点实验室, 广西壮族自治区/中国科学院广西植物研究所, 广西桂林 541006;
2 广西友谊关森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 广西凭祥 532699

收稿日期:2015-07-18 接受日期:2015-11-02 出版日期:2016-01-20 发布日期:2016-06-12
通讯作者: 李先琨
基金资助:
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(31500342)、广西自然科学基金(2015GXNSFBA139050)和中国科学院西部之光项目(人字(2014) 91号)

Responses of spatial pattern of woody plants’ basal area to topographic factors in a tropical karst seasonal rainforest in Nonggang, Guangxi, southern China

Yili Guo^1,², Bin Wang^1,², Wusheng Xiang^1,², Tao Ding^1,², Shuhua Lu^1,², Fuzhao Huang^1,², Shujun Wen^1,², Dongxing Li^1,², Yunlin He^1,², Xiankun Li^1,^2,^*()

1 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, Guangxi 541006
2 Guangxi Youyiguan Forest Ecosystem National Research Station, Pingxiang, Guangxi 532699

Received:2015-07-18 Accepted:2015-11-02 Online:2016-01-20 Published:2016-06-12
Contact: Li Xiankun

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

森林生态系统地上生物量的分布格局是物种分布格局的重要内容。局域尺度内因地形差异引起的生境异质性是地上生物量分布格局形成的环境基础。本文以弄岗北热带喀斯特季节性雨林15 ha动态监测样地2011年第一次普查数据中每木个体为研究对象, 尝试以每20 m × 20 m样方内所有个体及不同径级类群的胸高断面积之和为木本植物地上生物量的衡量指标, 利用广义可加模型对喀斯特季节性雨林中胸高断面积之和的空间分布格局进行研究, 定量分析了其对7个地形因子的响应。结果表明, 洼地、山坡和山脊3种生境类型中, 所有个体的胸高断面积之和山坡最高、山脊最低, 且山脊与山坡、洼地的差异均显著; 广义可加模型结果显示, 不同地形因子对胸高断面积之和的解释偏差差异明显, 其中海拔、坡向、凹凸度、岩石裸露率对胸高断面积之和的解释偏差依次降低, 而干旱度指数、坡度和地形湿润指数解释偏差相对较小。喀斯特季节性雨林木本植物胸高断面积之和空间分布的异质性及其与地形因子之间的关系, 反映了胸高断面积之和在地形因子对土壤、水分和光照等条件重分配影响下的多重响应机制及生长策略。

关键词: 格局, 胸高断面积, 地形因子, 贡献率, 弄岗动态监测样地, 北热带喀斯特季节性雨林

Abstract

Spatial patterns of aboveground biomass are important aspect of species distribution patterns, whereas the environmental heterogeneity caused by the topographical differences in the scope of local scales is the environmental basis for the formation and evolution of this pattern in natural forest systems. In this study, we examined the spatial patterns of total basal area of woody plants, to quantitatively analyze the response mechanisms of the spatial patterns of total basal area to the seven topographic factors using a generalized additive model in a fully mapped 15 ha permanent plot in a northern tropical seasonal rainforest in a karst landscape in southern China. We used the total basal area of all the individuals and each DBH class in each 20 m × 20 m quadrat as a standard to measure the value of aboveground biomass of woody plants. Results showed that the hillside had the highest total basal area but the lowest was found at the ridge of the three habitat types. The total basal area of the ridge was significantly different between the hillside and the depression. Topographic factors had definite effects on the total basal area of woody plants, with the following sequence: elevation > aspect > convexity > rock-bareness rate (RBR) > altitude above channel (ACH) > slope > topographic wetness index (TWI). All topographical factors were statistically significant with the exception of the TWI and slope showing marginally significant. The relationships between the spatial variation of total basal area of woody plants and topographic factors reflected the response mechanisms and growth strategies of woody plants in a tropical seasonal rainforest under the effects of the redistribution of soil, water and light conditions.

Key words: pattern, basal area, topographic factors, contribution rate, Nonggang Dynamics Forest Plot, tropical karst seasonal rainforest

郭屹立, 王斌, 向悟生, 丁涛, 陆树华, 黄甫昭, 文淑均, 李冬兴, 何运林, 李先琨 (2016) 喀斯特季节性雨林木本植物胸高断面积分布格局及其对地形因子的响应. 生物多样性, 24, 30-39. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015207.

Yili Guo, Bin Wang, Wusheng Xiang, Tao Ding, Shuhua Lu, Fuzhao Huang, Shujun Wen, Dongxing Li, Yunlin He, Xiankun Li (2016) Responses of spatial pattern of woody plants’ basal area to topographic factors in a tropical karst seasonal rainforest in Nonggang, Guangxi, southern China. Biodiversity Science, 24, 30-39. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015207.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2015207

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2016/V24/I1/30

图/表 4

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径级 DBH Class (cm)	环境参数 Environmental parameters	r²_adj	累计解释偏差 Cumulative explained deviation (%)	赤池信息准则Akaike Information Criterion (AIC)
所有个体 All individuals	海拔 Elevation	0.148	16.1	-88.071
	坡向 Aspect	0.256	28.4	-130.984
	凹凸度 Convexity	0.291	33.1	-142.770
	岩石裸露率 Rock-bareness rate	0.313	36.0	-148.860
	地形湿润指数Topographic wetness index	0.314	36.4	-149.909
	坡度 Slope	0.322	37.4	-152.044
	干旱度指数 Altitude above channel	0.336	39.4	-156.461
DBH < 2.5	海拔 Elevation	0.113	12.6	-2,416.026
	坡向 Aspect	0.153	18.4	-2,425.371
	凹凸度 Convexity	0.193	22.8	-2,441.038
	岩石裸露率 Rock-bareness rate	0.266	29.7	-2,477.055
	地形湿润指数Topographic wetness index	0.303	34.0	-2,492.105
	坡度 Slope	0.311	34.9	-2,495.940
	干旱度指数 Altitude above channel	0.328	36.3	-2,506.965
2.5 ≤ DBH < 7.5	海拔 Elevation	0.412	42.1	-1,340.583
	坡向 Aspect	0.432	44.7	-1,348.138
	凹凸度 Convexity	0.462	48.9	-1,360.737
	岩石裸露率 Rock-bareness rate	0.481	51.1	-1,371.831
	地形湿润指数Topographic wetness index	0.505	53.1	-1,390.343
	坡度 Slope	0.540	57.6	-1,407.893
	干旱度指数 Altitude above channel	0.540	57.8	-1,410.145
7.5 ≤ DBH < 22.5	海拔 Elevation	0.194	21.0	-448.036
	坡向 Aspect	0.267	29.5	-476.660
	凹凸度 Convexity	0.305	34.4	-490.249
	岩石裸露率 Rock-bareness rate	0.316	36.2	-492.008
	地形湿润指数Topographic wetness index	0.334	38.0	-498.367
	坡度 Slope	0.339	38.5	-507.223
	干旱度指数 Altitude above channel	0.381	43.6	-522.046
22.5 ≤ DBH	海拔 Elevation	0.263	27.4	-193.325
	坡向 Aspect	0.321	34.7	-216.574
	凹凸度 Convexity	0.326	35.4	-216.982
	岩石裸露率 Rock-bareness rate	0.335	36.5	-220.844
	地形湿润指数Topographic wetness index	0.345	37.8	-225.257
	坡度 Slope	0.392	42.8	-250.109
	干旱度指数 Altitude above channel	0.398	43.7	-251.184

径级 DBH Class (cm)	环境参数 Environmental parameters	r²_adj	累计解释偏差 Cumulative explained deviation (%)	赤池信息准则Akaike Information Criterion (AIC)
所有个体 All individuals	海拔 Elevation	0.148	16.1	-88.071
	坡向 Aspect	0.256	28.4	-130.984
	凹凸度 Convexity	0.291	33.1	-142.770
	岩石裸露率 Rock-bareness rate	0.313	36.0	-148.860
	地形湿润指数Topographic wetness index	0.314	36.4	-149.909
	坡度 Slope	0.322	37.4	-152.044
	干旱度指数 Altitude above channel	0.336	39.4	-156.461
DBH < 2.5	海拔 Elevation	0.113	12.6	-2,416.026
	坡向 Aspect	0.153	18.4	-2,425.371
	凹凸度 Convexity	0.193	22.8	-2,441.038
	岩石裸露率 Rock-bareness rate	0.266	29.7	-2,477.055
	地形湿润指数Topographic wetness index	0.303	34.0	-2,492.105
	坡度 Slope	0.311	34.9	-2,495.940
	干旱度指数 Altitude above channel	0.328	36.3	-2,506.965
2.5 ≤ DBH < 7.5	海拔 Elevation	0.412	42.1	-1,340.583
	坡向 Aspect	0.432	44.7	-1,348.138
	凹凸度 Convexity	0.462	48.9	-1,360.737
	岩石裸露率 Rock-bareness rate	0.481	51.1	-1,371.831
	地形湿润指数Topographic wetness index	0.505	53.1	-1,390.343
	坡度 Slope	0.540	57.6	-1,407.893
	干旱度指数 Altitude above channel	0.540	57.8	-1,410.145
7.5 ≤ DBH < 22.5	海拔 Elevation	0.194	21.0	-448.036
	坡向 Aspect	0.267	29.5	-476.660
	凹凸度 Convexity	0.305	34.4	-490.249
	岩石裸露率 Rock-bareness rate	0.316	36.2	-492.008
	地形湿润指数Topographic wetness index	0.334	38.0	-498.367
	坡度 Slope	0.339	38.5	-507.223
	干旱度指数 Altitude above channel	0.381	43.6	-522.046
22.5 ≤ DBH	海拔 Elevation	0.263	27.4	-193.325
	坡向 Aspect	0.321	34.7	-216.574
	凹凸度 Convexity	0.326	35.4	-216.982
	岩石裸露率 Rock-bareness rate	0.335	36.5	-220.844
	地形湿润指数Topographic wetness index	0.345	37.8	-225.257
	坡度 Slope	0.392	42.8	-250.109
	干旱度指数 Altitude above channel	0.398	43.7	-251.184

	坡度 Slope (SLO)	凹凸度 Convexity (CON)	坡向 Aspect (ASP)	地形湿润指数Topographic wetness index (TWI)	干旱度指数 Altitude above channel (ACH)	岩石裸露率 Rock-bareness rate (RBR)	胸高断面积之和 Total basal area
海拔 Elevation (ELE)	0.578^**	0.466^**	0.052	-0.701^**	0.289^**	0.450^**	-0.147^*
SLO		0.336^**	0.205^*	-0.631^**	0.220^**	0.509^**	-0.080
CON			0.025	-0.564^**	0.518^**	0.300^**	0.051
ASP				-0.098	-0.159^*	0.140^*	0.134^*
TWI					-0.629^**	-0.326^**	0.035
ACH						-0.016	0.083
RBR							0.044

	坡度 Slope (SLO)	凹凸度 Convexity (CON)	坡向 Aspect (ASP)	地形湿润指数Topographic wetness index (TWI)	干旱度指数 Altitude above channel (ACH)	岩石裸露率 Rock-bareness rate (RBR)	胸高断面积之和 Total basal area
海拔 Elevation (ELE)	0.578^**	0.466^**	0.052	-0.701^**	0.289^**	0.450^**	-0.147^*
SLO		0.336^**	0.205^*	-0.631^**	0.220^**	0.509^**	-0.080
CON			0.025	-0.564^**	0.518^**	0.300^**	0.051
ASP				-0.098	-0.159^*	0.140^*	0.134^*
TWI					-0.629^**	-0.326^**	0.035
ACH						-0.016	0.083
RBR							0.044

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喀斯特季节性雨林木本植物胸高断面积分布格局及其对地形因子的响应

Responses of spatial pattern of woody plants’ basal area to topographic factors in a tropical karst seasonal rainforest in Nonggang, Guangxi, southern China

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