乌江流域生物多样性与生态系统服务的空间格局及相互关系

doi:10.17520/biods.2023061

生物多样性 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (7): 23061. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023061 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2023061

所属专题：大食物观

• 研究报告: 生态系统多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

乌江流域生物多样性与生态系统服务的空间格局及相互关系

杨俊毅¹, 关潇¹^,^*(), 李俊生¹^,², 刘晶晶¹, 郝颢晶¹, 王槐睿³^,^*()

1.中国环境科学研究院国家环境保护区域生态过程与功能评估重点实验室, 北京 100012
2.中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心, 北京 100055
3.海南省辐射环境监测站, 海口 570100

收稿日期:2023-02-28 接受日期:2023-05-16 出版日期:2023-07-20 发布日期:2023-07-31
通讯作者: * E-mail: cynthia815@126.com; 57334776@qq.com
作者简介:57334776@qq.com
* E-mail: cynthia815@126.com;
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2020YFC1807704)

Spatial patterns and interrelationships between biodiversity and ecosystem services in the Wujiang River Basin

Junyi Yang¹, Xiao Guan¹^,^*(), Junsheng Li¹^,², Jingjing Liu¹, Haojing Hao¹, Huairui Wang³^,^*()

1. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012
2. Command Center for Comprehensive Survey of Natural Resources, China Geological Survey Bureau, Beijing 100055
3. Hainan Radiation Environment Monitoring Station, Haikou 570100

Received:2023-02-28 Accepted:2023-05-16 Online:2023-07-20 Published:2023-07-31
Contact: * E-mail: cynthia815@126.com; 57334776@qq.com

1. 附录1 本文使用的19个生物气候因子.pdf(73KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生物多样性与生态系统服务密切相关, 但二者间的复杂关系和反馈机制尚未明晰。本研究以乌江流域为研究区域, 基于物种空间分布格局, 使用MaxEnt模型、Zonation软件评估了乌江流域的生物多样性, 并应用InVEST模型核算各项生态系统服务, 运用随机森林模型、部分依赖图模型(PDP模型)分析了生物多样性与生态系统服务间的相互关系。结果显示: 乌江流域的生物多样性呈东北高西南低的分布特征, 表现为下游 > 中游 > 上游; 2020年, 乌江流域的水源供给量为810.57 mm/m², 粮食供给量为735.08 kg/ha, 固碳服务为134.00 Mg/ha, 水源涵养量为227.98 mm/m², 土壤保持量为401.30 t/ha, 生境质量为0.68; 水源供给和水源涵养对生物多样性的贡献度较高, 分别为66.24%和44.72%; 除粮食供给这种依赖人为活动的生态系统服务外, 生物多样性与各生态系统服务均呈正相关。研究说明, 受气候和人类活动影响较大的生态系统服务驱使着生物多样性的改变, 但对于依赖生物功能的生态系统服务, 生物多样性是其重要调节因素。

关键词: 乌江流域, 生物多样性, 生态系统服务, 空间分布格局

Abstract

Aims: There is a close relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem services. This study seeks to clarify the complex relationships and feedback mechanisms experienced between biodiversity and ecosystem services.

Method: Based on the spatial distribution pattern of species, this study utilized the MaxEnt model and Zonation software to evaluate the biodiversity of the Wujiang River Basin and applied the InVEST (integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs) model to account for various ecosystem services. The study also used the random forest and partial dependence plot (PDP) machine learning models to analyze the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem services in the Wujiang River Basin.

Results: The results showed that the biodiversity in the northeast of the Wujiang River Basin exhibited a distribution pattern of high, while in the southwest, the distribution pattern was low, with the downstream > midstream > upstream. In 2020, the Wujiang River Basin water supply was 810.57 mm/m²; the food supply was 735.08 kg/ha; carbon fixation was 134.00 Mg/ha; water conservation capacity was 227.98 mm/m²; soil conservation capacity was 401.30 t/ha, and the habitat quality was 0.68. Water supply, accounting for 66.24%, and water conservation, accounting for 44.72%, had relatively high contributions to biodiversity. Except for food supply, an ecosystem service that relies on human activities, all other ecosystem services positively correlated with biodiversity.

Conclusion: The study indicate that ecosystem services influenced strongly by climate and human activities drive changes in biodiversity, but biodiversity is a regulatory factor of some importance for ecosystem services that depend on biological functions.

Key words: Wujiang River Basin, biodiversity, ecosystem services, spatial distribution pattern

杨俊毅, 关潇, 李俊生, 刘晶晶, 郝颢晶, 王槐睿 (2023) 乌江流域生物多样性与生态系统服务的空间格局及相互关系. 生物多样性, 31, 23061. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023061.

Junyi Yang, Xiao Guan, Junsheng Li, Jingjing Liu, Haojing Hao, Huairui Wang (2023) Spatial patterns and interrelationships between biodiversity and ecosystem services in the Wujiang River Basin. Biodiversity Science, 31, 23061. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023061.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2023061

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2023/V31/I7/23061

图/表 6

图1 乌江流域地理区位图

Fig. 1 Geographic location map of the Wujiang River Basin

图2 MaxEnt模型所得561种植物物种AUC值的分布

Fig. 2 Distribution of the number of AUC values for 561 plant species from the MaxEnt model

图3 乌江流域物种点分布和基于Zonation评估的生物多样性空间格局

Fig. 3 Species point distribution and spatial pattern of biodiversity based on Zonation assessment in the Wujiang River Basin

图4 2020年乌江流域6种生态系统服务的空间格局

Fig. 4 Spatial pattern of six ecosystem services in the Wujiang River Basin in 2020

表1 2020年乌江流域六种生态系统服务统计

Table 1 Statistics of six ecosystem service in the Wujiang River Basin in 2020

	供给服务 Supply services				调节服务 Regulating services				支持服务 Supporting services
	水源供给 Water supply		粮食供给 Grain supply		固碳服务 Carbon sequestration service		水源涵养 Water conservation		土壤保持 Soil conservation		生境质量 Habitat quality
		均值 Mean (mm/m²)	总量 Total (× 10⁸ m³)	均值 Mean (kg/ha)	总量 Total (× 10⁴ t)	均值 Mean (Mg/ha)	总量 Total (Tg)	均值 Mean (mm/m²)	总量 Total (× 10⁸ m³)	均值 Mean (t/ha)	总量 Total (× 10⁸ t)	均值 Mean
	上游 Upstream	709.85	137.94	826.30	160.60	127.30	247.41	146.13	28.37	329.24	6.40	0.63
中游 Midstream	741.94	187.51	737.81	186.49	129.74	328.00	203.06	51.28	272.42	6.88	0.66
下游 Downstream	896.37	386.86	692.40	298.88	134.00	578.40	279.42	120.52	509.21	21.98	0.72
全流域 Total basin	810.57	712.31	735.08	645.97	131.30	1,153.81	227.98	200.18	401.30	35.26	0.68

图5 2020年乌江流域生物多样性与6种生态系统服务间的非线性关系

Fig. 5 Nonlinear relationship between biodiversity and six ecosystem services in the Wujiang River Basin in 2020

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乌江流域生物多样性与生态系统服务的空间格局及相互关系

Spatial patterns and interrelationships between biodiversity and ecosystem services in the Wujiang River Basin

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