海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林64 ha次生林动态监测样地群落结构特征

doi:10.17520/biods.2024445

生物多样性 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 24445. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024445 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2024445

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林64 ha次生林动态监测样地群落结构特征

李艳朋(), 陈洁(), 卢春洋(), 许涵^*()()

中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所海南尖峰岭森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 广州 510520

收稿日期:2024-10-13 接受日期:2025-01-02 出版日期:2025-02-20 发布日期:2025-03-17
通讯作者: *E-mail: ywfj@163.com
基金资助:
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金重点项目(CAFYBB2020QB003);2019年中央财政林业改革发展基金(YCJSHN2020-011A)

Community characteristics of a 64-ha secondary forest dynamics plot in a tropical montane rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan

Li Yanpeng(), Chen Jie(), Lu Chunyang(), Xu Han^*()()

Hainan Jianfengling National Key Field Research Station for Tropical Forest Ecosystem, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China

Received:2024-10-13 Accepted:2025-01-02 Online:2025-02-20 Published:2025-03-17
Contact: *E-mail: ywfj@163.com
Supported by:
National Non-profit Institute Research Grant of Chinese Academy of Forestry(CAFYBB2020QB003);Project of Central Finance Forestry Reform and Development in 2019(YCJSHN2020-011A)

1. 附录.pdf(884KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 热带雨林在物种多样性保护和减缓全球气候变暖等方面发挥着重要作用。为探究热带次生林群落结构特征, 本文以海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林次生林为研究对象, 通过分析2020-2021年在典型区域建设的64 ha次生林动态监测样地群落调查数据, 分析了样地内胸径 ≥ 5.0 cm木本植株的物种多样性、重要值、径级结构和空间分布格局等指标。结果表明: (1)样地内共记录到152,958个胸径 ≥ 5.0 cm的存活植株, 隶属于65科153属262种, 其中稀有种、偶见种和常见种分别为80、113和69种。(2)样地内重要值大于1.00%的物种共有24种, 排名前5位的依次为米槠(Castanopsis carlesii)、白颜树(Gironniera subaequalis)、海南韶子(Nephelium topengii)、厚壳桂(Cryptocarya chinensis)和红柯(Lithocarpus fenzelianus)。壳斗科、樟科和山矾科为优势科, 锥属(Castanopsis)、山矾属(Symplocos)和柯属(Lithocarpus)为优势属。(3)样地内独立植株平均胸径为13.00 cm, 径级分布总体呈倒“J”形, 表明群落更新良好且处于相对稳定状态。(4)样地内的优势种在1-100 m尺度上表现为聚集分布, 且表现为一定程度的生境偏好, 表明生态位分化机制对于热带山地雨林生物多样性维持具有重要作用。本研究阐明了热带山地雨林次生林的群落结构特征, 研究结果有助于为热带次生林物种多样性的保护和管理提供科学依据。

关键词: 海南尖峰岭, 次生林, 森林动态监测样地, 群落结构, 空间分布格局

Abstract

Aims: Tropical rainforests are an important ecosystem because of their role in conserving species diversity and mitigating global warming. However, there have been few studies about the ability of secondary tropical forests to recover from environmental catastrophe. To fill this gap in the literature, the goal of this study was catalogue species diversity and spatial distribution in a secondary forest in Jianfengling, Hainan in order to explore the characteristics of the recovering community structure in tropical forests.

Methods: To meet this objective, a 64-ha secondary forest dynamics plot was established in a tropical montane rainforest from 2020 to 2021 in Jianfengling, Hainan. Trees with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 5.0 cm were tagged and mapped, and the species of tree was identified. Finally, these survey data were analyzed based on their species diversity, importance value, and spatial distribution patterns.

Results: The results revealed that: (1) A total of 152,958 surviving trees with DBH ≥ 5.0 cm were recorded in the plot, belonging to 65 families, 153 genera, and 262 species, among which there were 80 rare species, 113 occasional species, and 69 common species. (2) There were 24 species with an importance value greater than 1.00%, with the top 5 species being Castanopsis carlesii, Gironniera subaequalis, Nephelium topengii, Cryptocarya chinensis, and Lithocarpus fenzelianus. The dominant families were Fagaceae, Lauraceae, and Symplocaceae, and the dominant genera were Castanopsis, Symplocos, and Lithocarpus. (3) The average DBH was 13.00 cm, and the DBH distribution exhibited an inverted “J” shape, indicating this secondary forest was regenerating well and maintaining its stability. (4) The dominant species in the plot exhibited aggregated distribution patterns across spatial scales from 1 m to 100 m and demonstrated a preference for certain habitats, indicating that niche differentiation plays an important role in the maintaining biodiversity in this tropical montane rainforest.

Conclusion: This study elucidates the community structure of a secondary forest in a tropical montane rainforest, which can provide scientific basis for the conservation and management of species diversity in Jianfengling, Hainan.

Key words: Jianfengling, Hainan, secondary forest, forest dynamics plot, community structure, spatial distribution pattern

李艳朋, 陈洁, 卢春洋, 许涵 (2025) 海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林64 ha次生林动态监测样地群落结构特征. 生物多样性, 33, 24445. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024445.

Li Yanpeng, Chen Jie, Lu Chunyang, Xu Han (2025) Community characteristics of a 64-ha secondary forest dynamics plot in a tropical montane rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan. Biodiversity Science, 33, 24445. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024445.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2024445

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2025/V33/I2/24445

图/表 8

图1 海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林64 ha次生林动态监测样地地形图

Fig. 1 Topography of the 64-ha secondary forest dynamics plot in a tropical montane rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan

图2 海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林64 ha次生林动态监测样地木本植物物种-面积曲线。包迹线表示95%的置信区间。

Fig. 2 Species-area relationship curve of woody plants in the 64-ha secondary forest dynamics plot in a tropical montane rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan. The envelopes are the 95% confidence interval.

表1 海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林64 ha次生林动态监测样地优势木本植物种类组成

Table 1 Dominant species composition of woody plants in the 64-ha secondary forest dynamics plot in a tropical montane rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan

物种 Species	相对胸高断面积 Relative basal area (%)	相对多度 Relative abundance (%)	相对频度 Relative frequency (%)	重要值 Importance value (%)
米槠 Castanopsis carlesii	9.52	4.20	1.47	5.07
白颜树 Gironniera subaequalis	4.72	4.56	2.09	3.79
海南韶子 Nephelium topengii	3.58	3.29	1.88	2.92
厚壳桂 Cryptocarya chinensis	2.25	3.54	1.78	2.52
红柯 Lithocarpus fenzelianus	4.26	1.46	1.23	2.31
黧蒴锥 Castanopsis fissa	4.09	1.57	0.87	2.18
毛果柯 Lithocarpus pseudovestitus	3.64	1.22	1.21	2.02
薄叶山矾 Symplocos anomala	1.35	3.15	1.49	2.00
大叶蒲葵 Livistona saribus	3.41	0.86	1.03	1.77
山油柑 Acronychia pedunculata	1.17	2.02	1.49	1.56
阴香 Cinnamomum burmanni	1.02	1.74	1.39	1.38
黄叶树 Xanthophyllum hainanense	1.77	1.22	1.05	1.35
鹅掌柴 Heptapleurum heptaphyllum	1.41	1.28	1.34	1.34
木荷 Schima superba	1.50	1.39	1.10	1.33
北油丹 Alseodaphne hainanensis	1.24	1.39	1.36	1.33
腺叶山矾 Symplocos adenophylla	0.75	1.85	1.33	1.31
硬壳桂 Cryptocarya chingii	0.78	1.77	1.36	1.30
黄杞 Engelhardia roxburghiana	1.80	0.87	1.01	1.23
木姜叶柯 Lithocarpus litseifolius	1.67	0.90	0.99	1.19
双瓣木犀 Osmanthus didymopetalus	1.20	1.24	1.08	1.17
九节 Psychotria asiatica	0.39	1.84	1.25	1.16
橄榄 Canarium album	1.01	1.12	1.28	1.14
托盘青冈 Quercus patelliformis	1.40	0.79	0.95	1.05
多瓣核果茶 Pyrenaria multisepala	0.73	1.10	1.29	1.04
其他 Others	45.35	55.62	68.67	56.55
合计 Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

图3 海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林64 ha次生林动态监测样地木本植物物种多度分布图

Fig. 3 The species abundance distribution of woody plants in the 64-ha secondary forest dynamics plot in a tropical montane rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan

图4 海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林64 ha次生林动态监测样地木本植物径级结构图

Fig. 4 DBH class structure of woody plants in the 64-ha secondary forest dynamics plot in a tropical montane rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan

图5 海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林64 ha次生林动态监测样地8个优势种的径级结构图

Fig. 5 DBH class structures of the top eight dominant species in the 64-ha secondary forest dynamics plot in a tropical montane rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan

图6 海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林64 ha次生林动态监测样地8个优势种的空间分布图

Fig. 6 Spatial distribution map of eight dominant species in the 64-ha secondary forest dynamics plot in a tropical montane rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan

图7 海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林64 ha次生林动态监测样地8个优势种在完全空间随机模型下的空间分布。g^obs(r): g(r)的观测值; g^theo(r): g(r)的理论值; 包迹线表示99%的置信区间。

Fig. 7 Spatial distribution pattern of eight dominant species under complete spatial randomness null model in the 64-ha secondary forest dynamics plot in a tropical montane rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan. g^obs(r), Observed value of g(r); g^theo(r), Theoretical value of g(r); the envelopes are the 99% confidence interval.

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海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林64 ha次生林动态监测样地群落结构特征

Community characteristics of a 64-ha secondary forest dynamics plot in a tropical montane rainforest in Jianfengling, Hainan

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