基于形态特征和线粒体COI基因探讨扶桑绵粉蚧物种的有效性并记述一体色变异型扶桑绵粉蚧

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.08202

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

扶桑绵粉蚧(Phenacoccus solenopsis)于2008年首次在广东发现, 到目前为止, 浙江、广西、云南等10多个省市均有其入侵的报道。为探讨入侵中国的扶桑绵粉蚧是否存在两大隐存谱系或姊妹种的复合种, 作者对浙江的该物种进行了调查。在调查过程中, 发现体色浅橘黄色、背部具三对黄色斑点的体色变异型个体, 通过形态特征比较和线粒体COI基因部分序列的分析, 证实该体色变异型粉蚧为扶桑绵粉蚧。同时对中国、巴基斯坦、美国的扶桑绵粉蚧COI基因序列进行碱基差异比较、遗传距离(genetic distance)分析, 发现所扩增的浙江省内6个地点7种不同寄主植物上的25条扶桑绵粉蚧COI基因(694 bp)可以分成3种单倍型, 这3种单倍型与中国海南、中国广州、巴基斯坦和美国加州的扶桑绵粉蚧遗传分歧较小(0-1.0%), 而与美国佛罗里达州的遗传分歧较大(3-3.6%); 但两者遗传距离小于绵粉蚧属内物种之间的遗传距离(13.0-17.2%)。综合形态特征和COI基因数据的分析结果显示, 扶桑绵粉蚧可能没有达到种间分化。基于碱基差异所构建的网络关系图、遗传分歧差异和系统发生关系分析, 扶桑绵粉蚧存在两个进化支系, 至于是否是复合种, 目前尚难作结论, 还有待更多证据。

关键词: 扶桑绵粉蚧, 生物入侵, 遗传多样性, COI, 体色变异

Abstract

Phenacoccus solenopsis, an exotic invasive species, was firstly reported in 2008 in Guangdong, China. Since it’s discovery, P. solenopsis has been observed in Zhejiang, Guangxi and Yunnan provinces. To discuss whether two cryptic evolutionary lineages or the P. solenopsis complex species existed, we surveyed and sequenced P. solenopsis in Zhejiang Province. During surveys for P. solenopsis in Zhejiang Province, we found P. solenopsis individuals with yellowish color on the body and three pairs of yellow spots on the back. To evaluate potential genetic divergence among these phenotypes, we sequenced mtDNA COI gene sequences (694 bp) of 25 individuals from seven host plants in six locations. We analyzed these sequences and the known sequences of P. solenopsis from GenBank and discovered three haplotypes. Additionally, we calculated intra-species genetic distance of P. solenopsis and inter-species genetic distance of the genus Phenacoccus and constructed phylogenetic trees of P. solenopsis. We found that genetic divergence of P. solenopsis was 0-1.0% compared to samples from Chinese provinces (i.e., Zhejiang, Hainan, Guangdong), the United States (i.e., California), and Pakistan, and varied from 3-3.6% to samples collected from other areas of the United States (i.e., Florida). Further, intra-species genetic distance was obviously smaller than inter-species genetic distance in Phenacoccus(13.0-17.2%). Based on the morphological characters and mt COI gene sequence analysis, these individuals with phenotypic differences are likely true P. solenopsis. However, two distinct evolutionary lineages appear to exist in P. solenopsis, and further evidence is necessary to draw reliable conclusions on the existence of a P. solenopsis complex species.

Key words: Phenacoccus solenopsis, biological invasion, genetic divergence, COI, body-color variation

陈哲, 张姜, 傅杭飞, 许争争, 邓坤正, 张加勇 (2012) 基于形态特征和线粒体COI基因探讨扶桑绵粉蚧物种的有效性并记述一体色变异型扶桑绵粉蚧. 生物多样性, 20, 443-450. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.08202.

Zhe Chen, Jiang Zhang, Hangfei Fu, Zhengzheng Xu, Kunzheng Deng, Jiayong Zhang (2012) On the validity of the species Phenacoccus solenopsis based on morphological and mitochondrial COI data, with the description of a new body color variety. Biodiversity Science, 20, 443-450. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.08202.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.08202

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2012/V20/I4/443

图/表 5

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样品编码 Sample code	单倍型 Haplotypes	寄主植物 Host	采集地点 Collecting location	纬度 Latitude (N)	经度 Longitude (E)	采集时间 Collecting date
LDm1-4	F1	木槿 Hibiscus syriacus	浙江金华婺城区 Wucheng, Jinhua, Zhejiang	29.1°	119.7°	2009.7
PJt1-4	F1	铁苋菜 Acalypha australis	浙江金华浦江县 Pujiang, Jinhua, Zhejiang	29.4°	119.9°	2010.8
WYq1-3	F1	牵牛花 Pharbitis nil	浙江金华武义县 Wuyi, Jinhua, Zhejiang	28.9°	119.8°	2011.7
LXy1-2	F1	一年蓬 Erigeron annuus	浙江金华兰溪市 Lanxi, Jinhua, Zhejiang	29.2°	119.5°	2011.7
LXz1-5	F1	钻形紫菀 Aster subulatus	浙江金华兰溪市 Lanxi, Jinhua, Zhejiang	29.2°	119.5°	2011.7
HZt1-3	F1	太阳花 Erodium stephanianum	浙江杭州萧山区 Xiaoshan, Hangzhou, Zhejiang	30.0°	120.1°	2011.8
XYm1-3	F2	木芙蓉 Cottonrose hibiscus	浙江师范大学校园 Zhejiang Normal University	29.1°	119.7°	2011.8
XYm5	F3	木芙蓉 Cottonrose hibiscus	浙江师范大学校园 Zhejiang Normal University	29.1°	119.7°	2011.8

样品编码 Sample code	单倍型 Haplotypes	寄主植物 Host	采集地点 Collecting location	纬度 Latitude (N)	经度 Longitude (E)	采集时间 Collecting date
LDm1-4	F1	木槿 Hibiscus syriacus	浙江金华婺城区 Wucheng, Jinhua, Zhejiang	29.1°	119.7°	2009.7
PJt1-4	F1	铁苋菜 Acalypha australis	浙江金华浦江县 Pujiang, Jinhua, Zhejiang	29.4°	119.9°	2010.8
WYq1-3	F1	牵牛花 Pharbitis nil	浙江金华武义县 Wuyi, Jinhua, Zhejiang	28.9°	119.8°	2011.7
LXy1-2	F1	一年蓬 Erigeron annuus	浙江金华兰溪市 Lanxi, Jinhua, Zhejiang	29.2°	119.5°	2011.7
LXz1-5	F1	钻形紫菀 Aster subulatus	浙江金华兰溪市 Lanxi, Jinhua, Zhejiang	29.2°	119.5°	2011.7
HZt1-3	F1	太阳花 Erodium stephanianum	浙江杭州萧山区 Xiaoshan, Hangzhou, Zhejiang	30.0°	120.1°	2011.8
XYm1-3	F2	木芙蓉 Cottonrose hibiscus	浙江师范大学校园 Zhejiang Normal University	29.1°	119.7°	2011.8
XYm5	F3	木芙蓉 Cottonrose hibiscus	浙江师范大学校园 Zhejiang Normal University	29.1°	119.7°	2011.8

编号 Code	单倍型 Haplotypes	种名 Species	地理分布 Geo-distribution	登录号 No. of GenBank Accession	来源 Source
GZ-FJ597914	F1	Phenacoccus solenopsis	中国广州 Guangzhou, China	FJ597914	直接上传 Direct submission
SY-GQ398777	F1	Phenacoccus solenopsis	中国海南 Hainan, China	GQ398777	Chu et al., 2009
LS-GQ903580	F2	Phenacoccus solenopsis	中国海南 Hainan, China	GQ903580	Chu et al., 2009
LS-GQ903581	F4	Phenacoccus solenopsis	中国海南 Hainan, China	GQ903581	Chu et al., 2009
B-AB499696	F5	Phenacoccus solenopsis	巴基斯坦 Pakistan	AB499696	Ashfaq et al., 2010
M-EU267208	F6	Phenacoccus solenopsis	美国 USA	EU267208	直接上传 Direct submission
M-EU267209	F6	Phenacoccus solenopsis	美国 USA	EU267209	直接上传 Direct submission
M-EU267210	F6	Phenacoccus solenopsis	美国 USA	EU267210	直接上传 Direct submission
M-EU267211	F6	Phenacoccus solenopsis	美国 USA	EU267211	直接上传 Direct submission
M-EU267212	F7	Phenacoccus solenopsis	美国 USA	EU267212	直接上传 Direct submission
M-JN112802	F8	Phenacoccus solenopsis	美国 USA	JN112802	直接上传 Direct submission
W-EU267195	_	Phenacoccus manihoti	乌干达 Uganda	EU267195	直接上传 Direct submission
W-EU267196	_	Phenacoccus manihoti	乌干达 Uganda	EU267196	直接上传 Direct submission
R-AB439518	_	Phenacoccus pergandei	日本 Japan	AB439518	Yokogawa & Yahara , 2009
R-AB512120	_	Phenacoccus avenae	日本 Japan	AB512120	直接上传 Direct submission

编号 Code	单倍型 Haplotypes	种名 Species	地理分布 Geo-distribution	登录号 No. of GenBank Accession	来源 Source
GZ-FJ597914	F1	Phenacoccus solenopsis	中国广州 Guangzhou, China	FJ597914	直接上传 Direct submission
SY-GQ398777	F1	Phenacoccus solenopsis	中国海南 Hainan, China	GQ398777	Chu et al., 2009
LS-GQ903580	F2	Phenacoccus solenopsis	中国海南 Hainan, China	GQ903580	Chu et al., 2009
LS-GQ903581	F4	Phenacoccus solenopsis	中国海南 Hainan, China	GQ903581	Chu et al., 2009
B-AB499696	F5	Phenacoccus solenopsis	巴基斯坦 Pakistan	AB499696	Ashfaq et al., 2010
M-EU267208	F6	Phenacoccus solenopsis	美国 USA	EU267208	直接上传 Direct submission
M-EU267209	F6	Phenacoccus solenopsis	美国 USA	EU267209	直接上传 Direct submission
M-EU267210	F6	Phenacoccus solenopsis	美国 USA	EU267210	直接上传 Direct submission
M-EU267211	F6	Phenacoccus solenopsis	美国 USA	EU267211	直接上传 Direct submission
M-EU267212	F7	Phenacoccus solenopsis	美国 USA	EU267212	直接上传 Direct submission
M-JN112802	F8	Phenacoccus solenopsis	美国 USA	JN112802	直接上传 Direct submission
W-EU267195	_	Phenacoccus manihoti	乌干达 Uganda	EU267195	直接上传 Direct submission
W-EU267196	_	Phenacoccus manihoti	乌干达 Uganda	EU267196	直接上传 Direct submission
R-AB439518	_	Phenacoccus pergandei	日本 Japan	AB439518	Yokogawa & Yahara , 2009
R-AB512120	_	Phenacoccus avenae	日本 Japan	AB512120	直接上传 Direct submission

	F1	F2	F3	F4	F5	F6	F7
F2	0.001
F3	0.003	0.001
F4	0.003	0.001	0.003
F5	0.003	0.004	0.006	0.006
F6	0.031	0.031	0.031	0.031	0.034
F7	0.033	0.030	0.033	0.033	0.036	0.001
F8	0.010	0.009	0.009	0.010	0.013	0.027	0.028