道路干扰对偶蹄类动物的影响: 以湖北大老岭国家级自然保护区为例

doi:10.17520/biods.2026050

生物多样性 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 26050. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2026050 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2026050

• 研究报告: 动物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

道路干扰对偶蹄类动物的影响: 以湖北大老岭国家级自然保护区为例

张梦¹(), 曹荣军², 王功芳², 邹琼玖², 吴林庭², 付伟昌¹, 周友兵¹, 彭刚志²^,^*()

¹ 三峡大学生物与制药学院, 湖北宜昌 443002
² 宜昌三峡大老岭自然保护区管理局, 湖北宜昌 443000

收稿日期:2026-02-12 接受日期:2026-04-21 出版日期:2026-06-20 发布日期:2026-07-30
通讯作者: *E-mail: 349625645@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32571804)

Impacts of road disturbance on Artiodactyla: A case study from Hubei Dalaoling National Nature Reserve, China

Meng Zhang¹(), Rongjun Cao², Gongfang Wang², Qiongjiu Zou², Linting Wu², Weichang Fu¹, Youbing Zhou¹, Gangzhi Peng²^,^*()

¹ College of Biological & Pharmaceutical Sciences of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
² Administration Bureau of Dalaoling Nature Reserve in Yichang Three Gorges, Yichang 443000, China

Received:2026-02-12 Accepted:2026-04-21 Online:2026-06-20 Published:2026-07-30
Contact: *E-mail: 349625645@qq.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32571804)

1. 附录.pdf(450KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 道路网络日益密集, 在便利人们出行的同时, 也给野生动物的活动带来了影响, 但道路干扰对野生动物的道路影响域及其与物种特征的相关性尚不明确。湖北大老岭国家级自然保护区被省道S287贯穿, 其核心区被分割成两部分, 而道路作为线性基础设施, 对野生动物尤其是偶蹄类动物可能造成潜在的干扰。本研究于2020年1月至2025年7月在湖北大老岭国家级自然保护区省道S287两侧各3 km范围内布设红外相机。基于388台红外相机数据, 通过广义线性模型分析6种偶蹄类动物的道路影响域。结果表明, 6种偶蹄类动物的道路影响域均有2个, 且阈值呈现种间差异。毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)的近端影响域阈值为600 m, 远端影响域阈值为1,700 m; 小麂(Muntiacus reevesi)的近端影响域阈值为1,300 m, 远端影响域阈值为1,700 m; 中华鬣羚(Capricornis milneedwardsii)、中华斑羚(Naemorhedus griseus)、林麝(Moschus berezovskii)的近端影响域阈值均为1,400 m, 远端影响域阈值均为1,800 m; 野猪(Sus scrofa)的近端影响域阈值为900 m, 远端影响域阈值为1,300 m。采用相关分析探讨道路影响域与体重、昼行性指数的关联发现, 昼行性指数与两阈值均呈显著负相关(r_s = –0.893, P < 0.05; r_s = –0.939, P < 0.05), 即昼行性物种表现出更强的道路耐受性; 体重与道路影响域无显著相关。研究表明偶蹄类对道路的耐受能力不相同, 昼行性指数是反映物种道路耐受性的关键指标。研究结果可为保护区内既有道路的管理优化以及野生动物保护提供科学依据。

关键词: 道路干扰, 偶蹄类, 红外相机, 湖北大老岭国家级自然保护区

Abstract

Background & Aims: The expansion of road networks, while enhancing public mobility, exerts discernible impacts on wildlife behavior. However, the correlation between wildlife characteristics and the road effect zone remains poorly explored. The Hubei Dalaoling National Nature Reserve is traversed by Provincial Road S287, and the core area is divided into two parts. As linear infrastructures, roads potentially impose disturbances on wildlife, particularly artiodactyl species.

Methods: In this study, we used infrared cameras within a 3 km buffer on each side of Provincial Road S287 in the Hubei Dalaoling National Nature Reserve from January 2020 to July 2025. Based on data from 388 camera traps, we analyzed the road effect zones of six artiodactyl species using generalized linear models. Furthermore, correlation analysis was used to explore the associations of the road effect zone with body weight and the diurnal-nocturnal index.

Results: All six artiodactyl species exhibited dual road effect zone thresholds, with interspecific variation. The tufted deer (Elaphodus cephalophus) had near- and far- road effect zone thresholds at 600 m and 1,700 m; the Chinese muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi) at 1,300 m and 1,700 m; the Chinese serow (Capricornis milneedwardsii), Chinese goral (Naemorhedus griseus), and forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) at 1,400 m and 1,800 m; and the wild boar (Sus scrofa) at 900 m and 1,300 m. The correlation analysis revealed that the diurnal-nocturnal index was negatively correlated with both zone thresholds (r_s = –0.893, P < 0.05; r_s = –0.939, P < 0.05), suggesting greater road tolerance in diurnal species; body weight showed no significant relationship with the road effect zone.

Conclusion: Road tolerance varies among artiodactyl species, and the diurnal-nocturnal index is a key indicator of this trait. These results offer scientific insights for the optimization of existing road management and wildlife protection within nature reserves.

Key words: road disturbance, Artiodactyla, camera trap, Hubei Dalaoling National Nature Reserve

张梦, 曹荣军, 王功芳, 邹琼玖, 吴林庭, 付伟昌, 周友兵, 彭刚志 (2026) 道路干扰对偶蹄类动物的影响: 以湖北大老岭国家级自然保护区为例. 生物多样性, 34, 26050. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2026050.

Meng Zhang, Rongjun Cao, Gongfang Wang, Qiongjiu Zou, Linting Wu, Weichang Fu, Youbing Zhou, Gangzhi Peng (2026) Impacts of road disturbance on Artiodactyla: A case study from Hubei Dalaoling National Nature Reserve, China. Biodiversity Science, 34, 26050. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2026050.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2026050

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2026/V34/I6/26050

图/表 4

图1 湖北大老岭国家级自然保护区研究区域内相机监测布设点位

Fig. 1 Location of camera trap sites in the study area of Hubei Dalaoling National Nature Reserve

表1 湖北大老岭国家级自然保护区6种偶蹄类动物红外相机记录(2020年1月至2025年7月)

Table 1 Camera trap detection records of six artiodactyl species in Hubei Dalaoling National Nature Reserve (2020.01-2025.07)

物种 Species	独立有效事件总数 Total no. of valid independent events	拍摄到的位点数 No. of detected sites	位点比例 Site proportion (%)	相对多度指数 Relative abundance index (RAI)
野猪 Sus scrofa	3,201	262	81.619	5.648
毛冠鹿 Elaphodus cephalophus	2,140	191	59.501	5.396
小麂 Muntiacus reevesi	12,015	249	77.570	22.500
中华鬣羚 Capricornis milneedwardsii	1,322	194	60.436	3.129
中华斑羚 Naemorhedus griseus	927	152	47.352	2.727
林麝 Moschus berezovskii	829	161	50.155	2.379

图2 基于双拐点分段广义线性模型(GLM)的湖北大老岭国家级自然保护区6种偶蹄类动物相对多度(RAI)随道路距离的变化。图中阴影表示95%置信区间, 红色虚线为拐点位置。(a)中华鬣羚; (b)中华斑羚; (c)林麝; (d)毛冠鹿; (e)小麂; (f)野猪。

Fig. 2 Changes in the relative abundance index (RAI) of six artiodactyl species with distance from roads in Hubei Dalaoling National Nature Reserve, based on two-breakpoint generalized linear model (GML). The shaded areas represent the 95% confidence intervals, and the red dashed lines indicate the locations of the breakpoints. (a) Capricornis milneedwardsii; (b) Naemorhedus griseus; (c) Moschus berezovskii; (d) Elaphodus cephalophus; (e) Muntiacus reevesi; (f) Sus scrofa.

图3 物种特征与道路影响域的Spearman相关性分析。其中, 蓝色圆点为体重数据, 黄色圆点为昼行性指数数据; 蓝色线条为体重与道路影响域的相关性分析, 黄色线条为昼行性指数与道路影响域的相关性分析; 中华鬣羚的昼行性指数用三角形表示(与林麝的昼行性指数相同, 均为0.32)。

Fig. 3 Spearman correlation analysis between species traits and road effect zones. Blue circles represent body weight data, and yellow circles represent diurnal-nocturnal index data. The blue line represents the correlation analysis between body weight and the road effect zone, while the yellow line represents the correlation analysis between the diurnal-nocturnal index and the road effect zone. The diurnal-nocturnal index of Capricornis milneedwardsii is represented by a triangle (identical to that of Moschus berezovskii, both being 0.32).

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道路干扰对偶蹄类动物的影响: 以湖北大老岭国家级自然保护区为例

Impacts of road disturbance on Artiodactyla: A case study from Hubei Dalaoling National Nature Reserve, China

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