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道路干扰对偶蹄类动物的影响: 以湖北大老岭国家级自然保护区为例

张梦1, 曹荣军2, 王功芳2, 邹琼玖2, 吴林庭2, 付伟昌1, 周友兵1, 彭刚志2*   

  1. 1. 三峡大学生物与制药学院, 湖北宜昌 443002, 中国; 2. 宜昌三峡大老岭自然保护区管理局, 湖北宜昌 443000, 中国
  • 收稿日期:2026-02-12 修回日期:2026-04-08
  • 通讯作者: 彭刚志

The impact of road disturbance on Artiodactyla: A case study from the Dalaoling National Nature Reserve in Hubei Province, China

Meng Zhang1, Rongjun Cao2, Gongfang Wang2, Qiongjiu Zou2, Linting Wu2, Weichang Fu1, Youbing Zhou1, Gangzhi Peng2*   

  1. 1 College of Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China 

    2 Administration Bureau of Dalaoling Nature Reserve in Yichang Three Gorges, Yichang 443000, China

  • Received:2026-02-12 Revised:2026-04-08
  • Contact: Gangzhi Peng

摘要: 道路网络日益密集。道路网络在便利人们出行的同时, 也给野生动物的活动带来了影响, 但道路干扰对野生动物的影响域和特征的相关性尚不明确。湖北大老岭国家级自然保护区被省道S287贯穿, 其核心区被分割成两部分。而道路作为线性基础设施, 对野生动物尤其是偶蹄类动物可能造成潜在的干扰。本研究于2020年1月至2025年7月在湖北大老岭国家级自然保护区省道S287两侧各3 km范围内布设红外相机。基于388台红外相机数据, 通过广义线性模型分析6种偶蹄类动物的道路影响域。结果表明, 6种偶蹄类动物的影响域均有2个, 且阈值呈现种间差异。毛冠鹿的近端影响域阈值为600 m, 远端影响域阈值为1,700 m; 小麂的近端影响域阈值为1,300 m, 远端影响域阈值为1,700 m; 中华鬣羚、中华斑羚、林麝的近端影响域阈值均为1400 m, 远端影响域阈值均为1,800 m; 野猪的近端影响域阈值为900 m, 远端影响域阈值为1,300 m。采用相关分析探讨影响域与体重、昼行性指数的关联。研究发现, 昼行性指数与两阈值均呈显著负相关(rs = -0.893, P < 0.05; rs = -0.939, P < 0.05), 即昼行性物种表现出更强的道路耐受性。体重与影响域无显著相关。研究表明偶蹄类对道路的耐受能力不相同, 昼行性指数是反映物种道路耐受性的关键指标。研究结果可为保护区内既有道路的管理优化以及野生动物保护提供科学依据。

关键词: 道路干扰, 偶蹄目, 红外相机, 湖北大老岭国家自然保护区

Abstract

Background & Aim: The expansion of road networks, while enhancing public mobility, exerts discernible impacts on wildlife behavior. However, the correlation between wildlife characteristics and the road effect zone remains poorly explored. The Hubei Dalaoling National Nature Reserve is traversed by Provincial Road S287, and the core area is divided into two parts. As linear infrastructures, roads potentially impose disturbances on wildlife, particularly artiodactyl species. 

Method: This study used infrared cameras within a 3km buffer on each side of Provincial Road S287 in the Hubei Dalaoling National Nature Reserve from January 2020 to July 2025. Based on data from 388 camera traps, we analyzed the road effect zones of six artiodactyl species using generalized linear models.Furthermore, correlation analysis was used to explore the associations of the road effect zone with body weight and the diurnal-nocturnal index. 

Results: All six artiodactyl species exhibited dual road effect zone thresholds, with interspecific variation. The tufted deer(Elaphodus cephalophus) had near and far road effect zone thresholds at 600 m and 1,700 m, the Chinese muntjac(Muntiacus reevesi) at 1,300 m and 1,700 m; the Chinese serow(Capricornis milneedwardsii), Chinese goral(Naemorhedus griseus), and forest musk deer(Moschus berezovskii) at 1400 m and 1,800 m; and the wild boar(Sus scrofa) at 900 m and 1300 m. The diurnal-nocturnal index was negatively correlated with both zone thresholds(rs = -0.893, P < 0.05; rs = -0.939, P < 0.05), suggesting greater road tolerance in diurnal species. Body weight showed no significant relationship with the road effect zone.

Key words: road disturbance, Artiodactyls, camera trap, Hubei Dalaoling National Nature Reserve