罗霄山脉地区鱼类物种多样性

doi:10.17520/biods.2019260

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

罗霄山脉是赣江和修水流域与湘江流域的分水岭, 是中国生物多样性保护的关键地区之一。然而, 罗霄山脉地区的鱼类缺乏系统性的研究, 其鱼类物种组成、分布以及受威胁因素尚不清楚。为此, 我们于2014-2018年对罗霄山脉地区11条河流的鱼类进行了系统的调查。结果表明, 该地区共有鱼类5目17科64属113种, 山脉东坡鱼类108种, 高于西坡的72种。从生态类型看, 罗霄山脉鱼类以肉食性、底栖性、定居性类群为主。区系组成上以东亚江河平原类群为主。从物种多样性看, 遂川江、袁水、蜀水和修河的鱼类物种多样性较高, 锦江和富水的鱼类物种多样性较低; β多样性指数揭示遂川江与锦江、禾水、富水间鱼类物种出现一定的分化现象。

关键词: 罗霄山脉, 鱼类, 多样性, 区系

Abstract:

The Luoxiao Mountains is a key area of biodiversity conservation in China, and is also watershed of the Ganjiang River and Xiuhe River basins and Xiangjiang River basin. However, there is little research on fish diversity in the Luoxiao Mountains, and species composition, distribution and threat factors are unclear. Here, fish specimens were collected in eleven streams of the Luoxiao Mountains between 2014 and 2018. The fish specimens collected from the Luoxiao Mountains belonged to 113 species, 64 genera, 17 families and 5 orders. A total of 108 fish species were found in the eastern slope of the Louxiao Mountains, which were more than those from the western slope (72 species). The ecological types of fish was mainly settlement, demersal and carnivorous, and fauna was mainly the endemic fishes of the river plain in East Asia. From the perspective of species diversity, the Suichuan River, Yuanshui River, Shushui River and Xiuhe River had a high diversity in fish species, and a low diversity occurred in the Jinjiang River and Fushui River. The analysis of beta diversity showed that some differentiation in fish species was found between the Suichuan River and Jinjiang River, Heshui River, Fushui River.

Key words: Luoxiao Mountain, fish, diversity, fauna

刘雄军, 秦佳军, 敖雪夫, 郭琴, 肖文磊, 吴小平, 欧阳珊. 罗霄山脉地区鱼类物种多样性[J]. 生物多样性, 2020, 28(7): 889-895.

Xiongjun Liu, Jiajun Qin, Xuefu Ao, Qin Guo, Wenlei Xiao, Xiaoping Wu, Shan Ouyang. Species diversity of fish in the Luoxiao Mountains region[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2020, 28(7): 889-895.

图/表 3

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河流 River	科数 Family	属数 Genus	种数 Species	F指数 F index	G指数 G index	G-F指数 G-F index
东坡 Eastern slope	16	62	108	8.79	3.94	0.55
锦江 Jinjiang River (JJ )	8	22	22	2.71	3.08	-0.14
袁水 Yuanshui River (YS )	14	48	62	6.27	3.82	0.39
禾水 Heshui River (HS )	8	23	27	3.32	3.07	0.08
蜀水 Shushui River (SS )	12	34	45	5.27	3.41	0.35
遂川江 Suichuan River (SC )	14	52	68	7.58	3.77	0.50
上犹江 Shangyou River (SY )	8	28	33	2.93	3.22	-0.10
修河 Xiuhe River (XH )	10	33	43	7.08	6.71	0.05
西坡 Western slope	15	46	72	5.10	3.55	0.30
洣水 Mishui River (MS )	12	30	40	3.73	3.27	0.12
汨罗江 Miluo River (ML )	9	25	28	4.02	3.18	0.21
富水 Fushui River (FS )	7	20	22	2.88	3.00	-0.04
浏阳河 Liuyang River (LY )	5	30	37	3.98	3.37	0.15

河流 River	科数 Family	属数 Genus	种数 Species	F指数 F index	G指数 G index	G-F指数 G-F index
东坡 Eastern slope	16	62	108	8.79	3.94	0.55
锦江 Jinjiang River (JJ )	8	22	22	2.71	3.08	-0.14
袁水 Yuanshui River (YS )	14	48	62	6.27	3.82	0.39
禾水 Heshui River (HS )	8	23	27	3.32	3.07	0.08
蜀水 Shushui River (SS )	12	34	45	5.27	3.41	0.35
遂川江 Suichuan River (SC )	14	52	68	7.58	3.77	0.50
上犹江 Shangyou River (SY )	8	28	33	2.93	3.22	-0.10
修河 Xiuhe River (XH )	10	33	43	7.08	6.71	0.05
西坡 Western slope	15	46	72	5.10	3.55	0.30
洣水 Mishui River (MS )	12	30	40	3.73	3.27	0.12
汨罗江 Miluo River (ML )	9	25	28	4.02	3.18	0.21
富水 Fushui River (FS )	7	20	22	2.88	3.00	-0.04
浏阳河 Liuyang River (LY )	5	30	37	3.98	3.37	0.15

	锦江 JJ	袁水 YS	禾水 HS	蜀水 SS	遂川江 SC	上犹江 SY	修河 XH	洣水 MS	汨罗江 ML	富水 FS
袁水 YS	39.2
禾水 HS	18.4	42.7
蜀水 SS	35.5	39.5	31.4
遂川江 SC	54.5	48	61.3	44.2
上犹江 SY	24.9	38.3	29.3	33.3	40.3
修河 XH	25.6	43.6	31.3	40.2	48.6	31.7
洣水 MS	29.3	41.1	28.8	36.1	49.2	32.2	31.5
汨罗江 ML	23.9	41.9	23.4	33.8	45.4	23.8	29	26.6
富水 FS	20.4	47.1	23.1	32	56.6	24.9	31.9	29.3	20.7
浏阳河 LY	25.2	41.6	24.8	36.7	49.9	29.7	33.5	34	28.6	25.2

	锦江 JJ	袁水 YS	禾水 HS	蜀水 SS	遂川江 SC	上犹江 SY	修河 XH	洣水 MS	汨罗江 ML	富水 FS
袁水 YS	39.2
禾水 HS	18.4	42.7
蜀水 SS	35.5	39.5	31.4
遂川江 SC	54.5	48	61.3	44.2
上犹江 SY	24.9	38.3	29.3	33.3	40.3
修河 XH	25.6	43.6	31.3	40.2	48.6	31.7
洣水 MS	29.3	41.1	28.8	36.1	49.2	32.2	31.5
汨罗江 ML	23.9	41.9	23.4	33.8	45.4	23.8	29	26.6
富水 FS	20.4	47.1	23.1	32	56.6	24.9	31.9	29.3	20.7
浏阳河 LY	25.2	41.6	24.8	36.7	49.9	29.7	33.5	34	28.6	25.2