四川省繁殖鸟类群落的多维度多样性及其影响因子

doi:10.17520/biods.2025464

生物多样性

四川省繁殖鸟类群落的多维度多样性及其影响因子

王露红^1,2#, 李波^3#, 杨攀艳⁴, 黄嘉琴^1,2, 谢予婷^1,2, 杜鑫⁵, 文毅⁵, 王彬^1,6*

1. 西华师范大学西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室, 四川南充 637009; 2. 西华师范大学生命科学学院, 四川南充 637009; 3. 四川省生态环境监测总站, 成都 610074; 4. 四川卧龙国家级自然保护区管理局, 四川汶川 623006; 5. 四川省南充生态环境监测中心站, 四川南充 637000; 6. 西华师范大学生态研究院, 四川南充 637009

收稿日期:2025-11-19 修回日期:2026-01-16 接受日期:2026-03-03
通讯作者: 王彬

Effects of ecological factors on the multidimensional diversity of breeding birds communities in Sichuan Province

Luhong Wang^1,2#, Bo Li^3#, Panyan Yang⁴, Jiaqin Huang^1,2, Yuting Xie^1,2, Xin Du⁵, Yi Wen⁵, Bin Wang^1,6*

1 Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China

2 College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China

3 Sichuan Provincial Ecological Environment Monitoring Centre, Chengdu 610074, China

4 Wolong National Nature Reserve Administration Bureau, Wenchuan, Sichuan 623006, China

5 Sichuan Provincial Nanchong Ecological Environment Monitoring Centre, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China

6 Institute of Ecology, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China

Received:2025-11-19 Revised:2026-01-16 Accepted:2026-03-03
Contact: Bin Wang

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 不同维度的生物多样性通常具有不同的时空格局和塑造机制，从多个维度研究鸟类多样性格局对于全面了解群落的维持和调控机制具有重要意义。四川省自然环境复杂，野生鸟种数位居全国第二，具有极高的鸟类多样性，但不同维度的鸟类多样性空间格局及其关键影响因子尚不明晰。本研究基于2023–2024年四川省分层抽样的288个野外样地调查数据，分别计算了繁殖鸟类群落的分类、功能与系统发育多样性，采用广义线性模型分析了气候、生境和人类活动等因子对各维度多样性的影响。结果表明：分类多样性主要受生境和气候影响，与样地中森林、水体及耕地占比显著正相关，而与年降水量显著负相关；功能多样性受气候和生境共同影响，与降水变异系数、土地利用类型多样性和耕地占比显著正相关，与年均温显著负相关；系统发育多样性则同时受气候、生境和人类活动影响，与年均温显著正相关，与森林占比和人类足迹指数显著负相关。本研究发现，繁殖鸟类群落的分类、功能和系统发育多样性由不同的生态因子主导，相同因子对不同维度的影响兼具一致和相反的效应。整合分类、功能和系统发育多样性的多维视角有助于更全面地理解群落结构特征及其维持机制，进而为区域鸟类多样性保护提供科学依据。

关键词: 分类多样性, 功能多样性, 系统发育多样性, 影响因子, 广义线性模型

Abstract

Aim: Different dimensions of biodiversity often exhibit distinct patterns and shaping mechanisms. Studying bird diversity patterns from multiple dimensions is important for a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms that maintain and regulate communities. Sichuan Province, characterized by its complex natural environments and exceptionally high avian diversity, ranks second nationwide in terms of wild bird species richness. However, the spatial distribution patterns of bird diversity across different dimensions and their key driving factors in the region remain unclear.

Methods: Based on survey data from 288 survey sites collected through stratified sampling in Sichuan Province from 2023 to 2024, this study calculated the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of breeding bird communities. We used generalized linear models to analyze the relative effects of climate, habitat, and human activities on each dimension of community diversity.

Results: The results showed that taxonomic diversity was primarily positively influenced by habitat and climate factors, showing significant positive correlations with the proportions of forest, water body, and cropland within the plots, while exhibiting a significant negative correlation with annual precipitation. Functional diversity was jointly affected by climate and habitat factors, being positively associated with precipitation variability, Shannon index of the land-use types, and cropland proportion, and negatively associated with mean annual temperature. Phylogenetic diversity was influenced by climate, habitat, and human activities, showing a significant positive correlation with mean annual temperature, and negative correlations with forest proportion and the human footprint index.

Conclusion: This study reveals that the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of breeding bird communities are driven by distinct ecological factors, with the same factor exhibiting both consistent and contrasting effects across different dimensions. Integrating taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic perspectives provides a more comprehensive understanding of community structure and its maintenance mechanisms to provide scientific basis for regional bird diversity conservation.

Key words: taxonomic diversity, functional diversity, phylogenetic diversity, influencing factor, generalized linear model

王露红, 李波, 杨攀艳, 黄嘉琴, 谢予婷, 杜鑫, 文毅, 王彬. 四川省繁殖鸟类群落的多维度多样性及其影响因子. 生物多样性, DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025464.

Luhong Wang, Bo Li, Panyan Yang, Jiaqin Huang, Yuting Xie, Xin Du, Yi Wen, Bin Wang. Effects of ecological factors on the multidimensional diversity of breeding birds communities in Sichuan Province. Biodiversity Science, DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025464.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2025464

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