海南国家公园霸王岭片区无尾两栖类鸣声多样性: 基于自动录音技术

doi:10.17520/biods.2022360

生物多样性 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 22360. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022360

• 中国野生脊椎动物鸣声监测与生物声学研究专题 • 上一篇下一篇

海南国家公园霸王岭片区无尾两栖类鸣声多样性: 基于自动录音技术

金彦君¹, 赵龙辉¹, 覃远玉¹, 汪继超¹^,²^,^*()

1.热带岛屿生态学教育部重点实验室, 海南省热带动植物生态学重点实验室, 海南师范大学生命科学学院, 海口 571158
2.海南国家公园研究院, 海口 570102

收稿日期:2022-06-29 接受日期:2022-09-20 出版日期:2023-01-20 发布日期:2022-12-30
通讯作者: *汪继超, E-mail: wjc@hainnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
海南省博士后研究项目(RC2100004064);海南省自然科学基金(2019RC175)

Diversity of anurans in the Bawangling Area of Hainan National Park based on auto-recording technique

Yanjun Jin¹, Longhui Zhao¹, Yuanyu Qin¹, Jichao Wang¹^,²^,^*()

1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158
2. The Institute of Hainan National Park, Haikou 570102

Received:2022-06-29 Accepted:2022-09-20 Online:2023-01-20 Published:2022-12-30
Contact: *Jichao Wang, E-mail: wjc@hainnu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

海南热带雨林国家公园霸王岭片区属于我国生物多样性热点地区, 其自然环境非常适合两栖类生存, 但该区域的无尾两栖类多样性情况尚不清楚。本研究利用新兴的生物声学方法, 调查该地区无尾两栖动物的多样性, 并了解蛙类鸣叫与环境的关系。我们在国家公园霸王岭片区选择5个生境不同的区域, 每个区域设置一条样线, 每条样线上布设3台录音设备, 于2021年6月、8‒9月和12月以及2022年1‒3月分别收集至少半个月的声音数据。本次调查共记录到蛙类17种, 隶属6科11属。四季的物种组成存在差异, 其中冬季(12月)出现的物种最少。不同区域的物种组成也存在差异, 其中飞列地区发现的物种最多。记录到的17种蛙中, 有12种仅在夜晚鸣叫, 有3种主要在夜晚鸣叫, 偶尔也在白天鸣叫, 有2种全天都活跃鸣叫。不同生境蛙类对降雨的响应也存在差异。永久水体中的小湍蛙(Amolops torrentis)和沼水蛙(Hylarana guentheri), 以及栖息环境多样的饰纹姬蛙(Microhyla fissipes), 鸣叫活性不受降雨影响, 但浅水溪流中的脆皮大头蛙(Limnonectes fragilis)和地面上的海南拟髭蟾(Leptobrachium hainanense)鸣叫活性在降雨日更高。综上, 季节、昼夜环境、地理位置和降雨的差异会影响霸王岭片区蛙类的多样性和鸣叫活性。本研究不仅丰富了海南热带雨林两栖类的生态资料, 也有助于海南热带雨林国家公园霸王岭片区野生动物的生态保护和评估。

关键词: 无尾两栖类, 海南热带雨林国家公园, 鸣叫行为, 生境, 降雨

Abstract

Aims: The Bawangling Area of the National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest belongs to biodiversity hotspot area of China, and its natural environment is ideal for amphibians. However, the diversity of anuran amphibians in the area is still unknown. Here we investigated the diversity of anurans in the region and explored the relationships between anuran calling and the environment.

Methods: The emerging bio-acoustic methods were applied in this study. Five areas with different habitats were selected in the Bawangling Area of the National Park. In each area, three recorders were deployed to consistently collect sound data in June, August to September, December 2021 and January to March 2022, respectively (over 15 days in each period).

Results: In total, we recorded 17 frog species belonging to 11 genera and 6 families. Four seasons had different species composition among which the least species appeared in winter (December). Species composition also varied in different areas among which Feilie had most species. Of these 17 species, 12 species called only at night, while 3 species called mainly at night and occasionally during the day, and 2 species called actively throughout the day. Moreover, rainfall had different effects on species in different habitats. Rainfall did not affect the calling activity of Amolops torrentis and Hylarana guentheri inhabiting permanent water, as well as Microhyla fissipes inhabiting diverse environemnts. The calling activity of Limnonectes fragilisdwelling in shallow streams and Leptobrachium hainanense living on the ground was higher on raining days.

Conclusions: In sum, season, day and night, location and rainfall may affect the diversity and calling activity of frogs in Bawangling region. This study not only enriches the ecological data of amphibians in Hainan tropical rainforest, but also contributes to the ecological conservation and assessment of wildlife in the Bawangling Area of the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park.

Key words: anurans, National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest, calling behavior, habitat, rainfall

金彦君, 赵龙辉, 覃远玉, 汪继超 (2023) 海南国家公园霸王岭片区无尾两栖类鸣声多样性: 基于自动录音技术. 生物多样性, 31, 22360. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022360.

Yanjun Jin, Longhui Zhao, Yuanyu Qin, Jichao Wang (2023) Diversity of anurans in the Bawangling Area of Hainan National Park based on auto-recording technique. Biodiversity Science, 31, 22360. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022360.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2022360

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2023/V31/I1/22360

图/表 7

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科 Family	属 Genus	种 Species	中国脊椎动物红色名录 Red List of China’s Vertebrates	IUCN红色名录 Red List of IUCN	海南特有物种 Endemic to Hainan
叉舌蛙科 Dicroglossidae	大头蛙属 Limnonectes	脆皮大头蛙 Limnonectes fragilis	EN	VU	√
叉舌蛙科 Dicroglossidae	陆蛙属 Fejervarya	泽陆蛙 Fejervarya multistriata	LC	DD
蛙科 Ranidae	水蛙属 Hylarana	沼水蛙 H. guentheri	LC	LC
		细刺水蛙 H. spinulosa	NT	VU	√
	湍蛙属 Amolops	小湍蛙 Amolops torrentis	LC	VU	√
角蟾科 Megophryidae	拟髭蟾属 Leptobrachium	海南拟髭蟾 Leptobrachium hainanense	VU	VU	√
雨蛙科 Hylidae	雨蛙属 Hyla	华南雨蛙 Hyla simplex	LC	LC
姬蛙科 Microhylidae	姬蛙属 Microhyla	饰纹姬蛙 M. fissipes	LC	LC
		粗皮姬蛙 M. butleri	LC	LC
		花姬蛙 M. pulchra	LC	LC
		小弧斑姬蛙 M. heymonsi	LC	LC
树蛙科 Rhacophoridae	跳树蛙属 Chirixalus	背条跳树蛙 C. doriae	LC	LC
	跳树蛙属 Chirixalus	侧条跳树蛙 C. vittatus	LC	LC
	树蛙属 Rhacophorus	红蹼树蛙 Rhacophorus rhodopus	LC	LC
	刘树蛙属 Liuixalus	海南刘树蛙 L. hainanus	DD	VU	√
		眼斑刘树蛙 L. ocellatus	NT	VU
	泛树蛙属 Polypedates	斑腿泛树蛙 Polypedates megacephalus	LC	LC

科 Family	属 Genus	种 Species	中国脊椎动物红色名录 Red List of China’s Vertebrates	IUCN红色名录 Red List of IUCN	海南特有物种 Endemic to Hainan
叉舌蛙科 Dicroglossidae	大头蛙属 Limnonectes	脆皮大头蛙 Limnonectes fragilis	EN	VU	√
叉舌蛙科 Dicroglossidae	陆蛙属 Fejervarya	泽陆蛙 Fejervarya multistriata	LC	DD
蛙科 Ranidae	水蛙属 Hylarana	沼水蛙 H. guentheri	LC	LC
		细刺水蛙 H. spinulosa	NT	VU	√
	湍蛙属 Amolops	小湍蛙 Amolops torrentis	LC	VU	√
角蟾科 Megophryidae	拟髭蟾属 Leptobrachium	海南拟髭蟾 Leptobrachium hainanense	VU	VU	√
雨蛙科 Hylidae	雨蛙属 Hyla	华南雨蛙 Hyla simplex	LC	LC
姬蛙科 Microhylidae	姬蛙属 Microhyla	饰纹姬蛙 M. fissipes	LC	LC
		粗皮姬蛙 M. butleri	LC	LC
		花姬蛙 M. pulchra	LC	LC
		小弧斑姬蛙 M. heymonsi	LC	LC
树蛙科 Rhacophoridae	跳树蛙属 Chirixalus	背条跳树蛙 C. doriae	LC	LC
	跳树蛙属 Chirixalus	侧条跳树蛙 C. vittatus	LC	LC
	树蛙属 Rhacophorus	红蹼树蛙 Rhacophorus rhodopus	LC	LC
	刘树蛙属 Liuixalus	海南刘树蛙 L. hainanus	DD	VU	√
		眼斑刘树蛙 L. ocellatus	NT	VU
	泛树蛙属 Polypedates	斑腿泛树蛙 Polypedates megacephalus	LC	LC

种 Species	春季(1-3月) Spring (Jan.?Mar.)	夏季(6月) Summer (June)	秋季(8-9月) Autumn (Aug.?Sep.)	冬季(12月) Winter (Dec.)
红蹼树蛙 Rhacophorus rhodopus	√	√	√	√
海南刘树蛙 Liuixalus hainanus	√	√	√	√
眼斑刘树蛙 L. ocellatus	√	√	√	?
背条跳树蛙 Chirixalus doriae	?	√	√	√
侧条跳树蛙 C. vittatus	?	√	√	√
斑腿泛树蛙 Polypedates megacephalus	√	√	√	?
饰纹姬蛙 Microhyla fissipes	√	√	√	√
海南拟髭蟾 Leptobrachium hainanense	√	√	√	?
花姬蛙 Microhyla pulchra	√	√	√	?
泽陆蛙 Fejervarya multistriata	?	√	?	?
粗皮姬蛙 Microhyla butleri	√	√	√	√
小弧斑姬蛙 M. heymonsi	√	√	√	√
华南雨蛙 Hyla simplex	√	?	?	?
脆皮大头蛙 Limnonectes fragilis	√	√	√	√
小湍蛙 Amolops torrentis	√	√	√	√
沼水蛙 Hylarana guentheri	√	√	√	?
细刺水蛙 H. spinulosa	√	√	√	√

种 Species	春季(1-3月) Spring (Jan.?Mar.)	夏季(6月) Summer (June)	秋季(8-9月) Autumn (Aug.?Sep.)	冬季(12月) Winter (Dec.)
红蹼树蛙 Rhacophorus rhodopus	√	√	√	√
海南刘树蛙 Liuixalus hainanus	√	√	√	√
眼斑刘树蛙 L. ocellatus	√	√	√	?
背条跳树蛙 Chirixalus doriae	?	√	√	√
侧条跳树蛙 C. vittatus	?	√	√	√
斑腿泛树蛙 Polypedates megacephalus	√	√	√	?
饰纹姬蛙 Microhyla fissipes	√	√	√	√
海南拟髭蟾 Leptobrachium hainanense	√	√	√	?
花姬蛙 Microhyla pulchra	√	√	√	?
泽陆蛙 Fejervarya multistriata	?	√	?	?
粗皮姬蛙 Microhyla butleri	√	√	√	√
小弧斑姬蛙 M. heymonsi	√	√	√	√
华南雨蛙 Hyla simplex	√	?	?	?
脆皮大头蛙 Limnonectes fragilis	√	√	√	√
小湍蛙 Amolops torrentis	√	√	√	√
沼水蛙 Hylarana guentheri	√	√	√	?
细刺水蛙 H. spinulosa	√	√	√	√

种 Species	样线1 Sampling line 1	样线2 Sampling line 2	样线3 Sampling line 3	样线4 Sampling line 4	样线5 Sampling line 5
红蹼树蛙 Rhacophorus rhodopus		√	√	√
海南刘树蛙 Liuixalus hainanus		√	√
眼斑刘树蛙 L. ocellatus				√
背条跳树蛙 Chirixalus doriae				√
侧条跳树蛙 C. vittatus				√
斑腿泛树蛙 Polypedates megacephalus		√		√
饰纹姬蛙 Microhyla fissipes	√	√	√	√
海南拟髭蟾 Leptobrachium hainanense	√	√	√	√
花姬蛙 Microhyla pulchra		√	√	√
泽陆蛙 Fejervarya multistriata		√	√	√
粗皮姬蛙 Microhyla butleri		√	√	√
小弧斑姬蛙 M. heymonsi	√		√	√
华南雨蛙 Hyla simplex					√
脆皮大头蛙 Limnonectes fragilis	√		√	√
小湍蛙 Amolops torrentis	√	√	√	√	√
沼水蛙 Hylarana guentheri	√	√		√
细刺水蛙 H. spinulosa		√	√	√

海南国家公园霸王岭片区无尾两栖类鸣声多样性: 基于自动录音技术

Diversity of anurans in the Bawangling Area of Hainan National Park based on auto-recording technique

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成体微生境 Adult microhabitat	种名 Species name	音节数 No. of notes	音节时长 Note duration (ms)	音节间隔 Inter-note intervals (ms)	鸣声时长 Call duration (ms)	主频 Dominant frequence (Hz)
树栖 Arboreal	红蹼树蛙 Rhacophorus rhodopus	1.00 ± 0.00	13.50 ± 6.31	?	13.50 ± 6.31	2,424.70 ± 279.48
	海南刘树蛙 Liuixalus hainanus	10.11 ± 1.90	25.78 ± 1.86	81.56 ± 5.43	888.78 ± 188.46	5,141.11 ± 76.75
	眼斑刘树蛙 L. ocellatus	2.59 ± 1.66	23.18 ± 2.88	42.22 ± 14.99	122.29 ± 99.77	4,095.35 ± 313.74
	背条跳树蛙 Chirixalus doriae	4.22 ± 1.09	29.56 ± 8.66	25.11 ± 11.74	174.11 ± 32.34	3,664.56 ± 299.78
	侧条跳树蛙 C. vittatus	1.00 ± 0.00	91.50 ± 40.00	?	91.50 ± 40.00	5,210.50 ± 191.37
	斑腿泛树蛙A Polypedates megacephalus A	8.67 ± 5.33	11.42 ± 5.45	63.92 ± 13.64	577.83 ± 398.98	1,556.92 ± 218.25
	斑腿泛树蛙B P. megacephalus B	1.58 ± 1.24	67.5 ± 18.99	131.00 ± 70.15	217.75 ± 326.49	1,876.58 ± 111.27
	斑腿泛树蛙C P. megacephalus C	3.08 ± 2.02	34.42 ± 12.35	48.33 ± 12.39	204.17 ± 154.29	2,160.00 ± 171.14
陆栖 Terrestrial	饰纹姬蛙 Microhyla fissipes	4.60 ± 0.97	23.00 ± 2.63	20.70 ± 3.65	181.60 ± 48.38	2,626.60 ± 99.74
	海南拟髭蟾 Leptobrachium hainanense	1.00 ± 0.00	103.00 ± 23.16	?	103.00 ± 23.16	1,116.35 ± 133.67
	花姬蛙 Microhyla pulchra	1.82 ± 0.98	75.82 ± 30.67	74.83 ± 50.26	196.82 ± 167.73	1,960.55 ± 153.37
	泽陆蛙 Fejervarya multistriata	2.36 ± 1.29	166.91 ± 11.18	203.13 ± 29.71	649.64 ± 450.88	1,223.64 ± 48.21
	粗皮姬蛙 Microhyla butleri	3.58 ± 2.11	189.75 ± 55.31	228.10 ± 166.40	1,521.08±1905.12	2,794.67 ± 106.81
	小弧斑姬蛙 M. heymonsi	5.80 ± 1.32	23.20 ± 4.10	17.20 ± 4.39	205.10 ± 52.62	2,633.10 ± 65.24
	华南雨蛙 Hyla simplex	15.42 ± 4.54	263.42 ± 40.86	582.67 ± 89.37	12,356.00 ± 3,666.15	4,072.83 ± 243.86
水栖 Aquatic	脆皮大头蛙 Limnonectes fragilis	2.42 ± 1.31	150.00 ± 47.06	180.00 ± 78.83	610.00 ± 494.15	2,868.50 ± 175.09
	小湍蛙 Amolops torrentis	8.67 ± 0.82	71.47 ± 13.48	50.13 ± 11.53	1,000.00 ± 0.00	4,659.33 ± 166.20
	沼水蛙 Hylarana guentheri	1.00 ± 0.00	143.00 ± 33.02	?	143.00 ± 33.02	1,421.53 ± 199.88
	细刺水蛙 H. spinulosa	1.00 ± 0.00	271.24 ± 192.22	?	271.24 ± 192.22	2,683.71 ± 266.69

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