生物多样性 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 22359. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022359
• 中国野生脊椎动物鸣声监测与生物声学研究专题 • 上一篇 下一篇
岑渝华1, 王鹏1, 陈庆春2, 张承云2, 余上3, 胡珂1, 刘阳4, 肖荣波1,*()
收稿日期:
2022-06-29
接受日期:
2022-10-14
出版日期:
2023-01-20
发布日期:
2022-11-10
通讯作者:
*肖荣波, E-mail: ecoxiaorb@163.com
基金资助:
Yuhua Cen1, Peng Wang1, Qingchun Chen2, Chengyun Zhang2, Shang Yu3, Ke Hu1, Yang Liu4, Rongbo Xiao1,*()
Received:
2022-06-29
Accepted:
2022-10-14
Online:
2023-01-20
Published:
2022-11-10
Contact:
*Rongbo Xiao, E-mail: ecoxiaorb@163.com
摘要:
动物群落是构成城市绿地生态系统的关键要素, 声景作为野生动物重要的生态信息, 掌握其时空变化及其影响因素, 对于指导城市绿地景观设计与生物多样性保护具有重要意义。本文以Web of Science数据库的核心合集2005-2022年收录的67篇研究文献为对象, 综合梳理与分析了城市绿地动物声景的时空模式及其驱动因素。城市绿地动物声景在空间上表现出环境空间梯度和植被空间结构的差异, 动物声音多样性随海拔、纬度、城市化程度的降低以及植被类型和高度的增加呈现升高趋势。时间尺度呈现出昼夜、季节和年度变化差异, 表现为鸟类在黎明和黄昏合唱、昆虫和两栖动物在夜间鸣叫以及季节性和年度性发声规律等。影响城市动物声景模式的因素主要包括植被、环境、人为干扰和动物自身驱动等。动物声景作为当前声景生态学研究的热点之一, 面临大时空尺度演变规律研究不足、动物声景分析有限等挑战, 建议未来着重开展多时空尺度变化规律研究、创新动物声景分析方法、定量解析影响因素及其响应机制、建立全球动物声景数据库等。
岑渝华, 王鹏, 陈庆春, 张承云, 余上, 胡珂, 刘阳, 肖荣波 (2023) 城市绿地动物声景的时空特征及其驱动因素. 生物多样性, 31, 22359. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022359.
Yuhua Cen, Peng Wang, Qingchun Chen, Chengyun Zhang, Shang Yu, Ke Hu, Yang Liu, Rongbo Xiao (2023) Spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing factors of animal soundscape in urban green spaces. Biodiversity Science, 31, 22359. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022359.
图1 动物声景个例研究的全球分布图。 颜色(蓝色)越深表示发表文献数量越多; 圆点、圆圈及正方形图框分别表示6个动物区系、文献数量和各区内4种城市绿地类型的研究数量。
Fig. 1 Global distribution map of animal soundscape case studies. The deeper color (blue) represents more documents were published; the dots, circle and the square box represent the number of studies on the six major fauna, number of documents and the four types of urban green space in each region.
图2 不同城市绿地的研究动物类群分布(A)及声景差异(B)。 %表示文献数量占比。
Fig. 2 Distribution of research animal groups (A) and differences in soundscapes (B) in different urban green spaces. % represents the proportion of the number of documents.
图3 不同城市绿地动物声景的驱动因素。 饼状图表示4种城市绿地类型中5种驱动因素类型的研究比例。数字表示文献数量。
Fig. 3 Drivers of animal soundscapes in different urban green spaces. Pie charts represent the research proportions of five types of driving factors in four types of urban green space. Numbers represent the number of documents.
图4 城市绿地动物在一天(玫瑰图)和一年(折线图)中的声景功率变化。 太阳和月亮图标表示日出和日落时间。
Fig. 4 Variation of soundscape power in animals during the day (rose plot) and year (line plot). The sun and moon icons represent the time of sunrise and sunset.
图5 动物声景的驱动因素及部分物种的频率分布概念图。 根据动物的频率分布展示了影响动物声景时空模式的4种驱动因素, 即植被因子(深灰色阴影)、环境因子、人为干扰(黑色阴影)、自身驱动。涉及动物类别包括了城市绿地上常见的鸟类(粉色阴影)、昆虫(黄色阴影)、两栖动物(如蛙类, 绿色阴影)以及哺乳动物(如蝙蝠, 蓝色阴影)。
Fig. 5 Concept map of driving factors of animal soundscapes and frequency distribution of some species. Four driving factors affecting the spatiotemporal patterns of animal soundscapes are shown according to the frequency distribution of animals, i.e. vegetation structure (indicated by dark gray shading), environmental factors, human interference (black shading), and self-driving. The categories of animal include birds (pink shading), insects (yellow shading), amphibians (such as frogs, green shading), and mammals (such as bats, blue shading) that are commonly found in urban green spaces.
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