沿海拔梯度变化的哀牢山亚热带森林群落系统发育结构

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.14011

生物多样性 ›› 2014, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (4): 438-448. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.14011

所属专题：物种形成与系统进化

沿海拔梯度变化的哀牢山亚热带森林群落系统发育结构

卢孟孟^1,^2,,A;^*, 黄小翠^1,^2,,A;^*, 慈秀芹^1,², 杨国平¹, 李捷^1,,A;,A;^*()

1 .中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园植物系统发育与保护生物学实验室, 昆明 650223
2 .中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2014-01-10 接受日期:2014-05-09 出版日期:2014-07-20 发布日期:2014-07-24
通讯作者: 卢孟孟,黄小翠,李捷
基金资助:
中国科学技术基础性工作专项(2012FY110400, 2011FY120200)和中国科学院热带森林生态学重点实验室的支持

Phylogenetic community structure of subtropical forests along elevational gradients in Ailao Mountains of southwest China

Mengmeng Lu^1,^2,^*, Xiaocui Huang^1,^2,^*, Xiuqin Ci^1,², Guoping Yang¹, Jie Li^1,^**()

1. Laboratory of Plant Phylogenetics and Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223
2. University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049

Received:2014-01-10 Accepted:2014-05-09 Online:2014-07-20 Published:2014-07-24
Contact: Lu Mengmeng,Huang Xiaocui,Li Jie

1. 附图1 哀牢山亚热带不同植被类型的群落丰富度、优势度、均匀度和多样性指数.pdf(223KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示森林群落系统发育结构在海拔梯度上的变化及其驱动因素, 本研究以云南哀牢山西坡的亚热带森林群落为研究对象, 以APG III系统为基础框架, 结合DNA条形码序列信息解决末端分类单元亲缘关系的方法, 构建了哀牢山森林群落系统发育进化树, 采用净亲缘指数(net relatedness index, NRI)和最近亲缘指数(nearest taxon index, NTI), 探讨了不同植被类型的森林群落系统发育结构和沿海拔梯度的变化规律。结果表明, 从整体的海拔变化趋势上来看, 哀牢山森林群落系统发育结构随海拔上升由系统发育聚集(phylogenetic clustering)走向发散(phylogenetic overdispersion)或聚集程度降低。在低海拔地区, 群落表现为系统发育聚集, 表明生态位理论中的生境过滤作用在群落构建和生物多样性的维持中起着主导作用; 在中海拔地区, 出现了聚集与发散两种群落系统发育结构并存的现象, 推测可能是生境过滤和竞争排斥两种生态过程共同作用的结果; 在高海拔地区, 群落的系统发育结构因选择的指数不同而出现相反的结果, NRI表现出系统发育聚集, 而NTI却表现为随机或发散, 考虑到高海拔地区的环境胁迫可能促使植物发生趋同进化, 推测其群落构建的生态学过程需要更为综合的研究。本研究揭示群落系统发育结构沿海拔梯度确实存在显著的变化, 证明在生态群落的构建过程中非随机过程起到促进乃至关键作用。

关键词: 群落系统发育, DNA条形码, 海拔梯度, 哀牢山

Abstract

Understanding the maintenance of biodiversity and community assembly is a central issue in community ecology. Here, we examined patterns of the community phylogenetic structure of subtropical forests along an elevational gradient in the Ailao Mountains of southwest China. We surveyed all trees with diameter at breast height ≥1 cm in 16 plots, and constructed a community phylogeny from DNA barcode sequence data with a constraint tree based on Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) III. We found that the community structure changed from phylogenetically clustered to phylogenetically overdispersed with increasing elevation. Co-occurring trees at low-elevation communities tended to be more closely related than expected by chance, implying that these communities were structured primarily by habitat filtering. Clustered and over-dispersed phylogenetic compositions were showed in mid-elevation communities, suggesting that these communities are structured by habitat filtering or competitive exclusion. At high-elevation sites, NRI (Net Relatedness Index) showed clustering, but NTI (Nearest Taxon Index) showed randomness or over-dispersion. We therefore interpreted our results with caution. It is possible that convergent evolution may be occurred independently in distantly related lineages under higher environmental stress at high elevations. Taken together, the results of our study provide insight into the potential role of elevational gradients in shaping community composition and phylogenetic diversity.

Key words: community phylogeny, DNA barcoding, elevational gradient, Ailao Mountains

卢孟孟, 黄小翠, 慈秀芹, 杨国平, 李捷 (2014) 沿海拔梯度变化的哀牢山亚热带森林群落系统发育结构. 生物多样性, 22, 438-448. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.14011.

Mengmeng Lu, Xiaocui Huang, Xiuqin Ci, Guoping Yang, Jie Li (2014) Phylogenetic community structure of subtropical forests along elevational gradients in Ailao Mountains of southwest China. Biodiversity Science, 22, 438-448. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.14011.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.14011

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2014/V22/I4/438

图/表 6

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群落构建过程 Community assembly processes	生态性状的进化特征 Evolutionary characteristic of ecological traits
群落构建过程 Community assembly processes	系统发育保守 Phylogenetically conserved*	系统发育趋同 Phylogenetically convergent
中性构建 Neutral assembly	系统发育随机 Random dispersion	系统发育随机 Random dispersion
生境过滤作用 Habitat filtering	系统发育聚集 Cluster dispersion	系统发育发散 Over-dispersion
竞争排斥作用 Competitive exclusion	系统发育发散 Over-dispersion	系统发育随机或系统发育聚集 Random or cluster dispersion

群落构建过程 Community assembly processes	生态性状的进化特征 Evolutionary characteristic of ecological traits
群落构建过程 Community assembly processes	系统发育保守 Phylogenetically conserved*	系统发育趋同 Phylogenetically convergent
中性构建 Neutral assembly	系统发育随机 Random dispersion	系统发育随机 Random dispersion
生境过滤作用 Habitat filtering	系统发育聚集 Cluster dispersion	系统发育发散 Over-dispersion
竞争排斥作用 Competitive exclusion	系统发育发散 Over-dispersion	系统发育随机或系统发育聚集 Random or cluster dispersion

植被类型 Vegetation types	编号 Number	样方地点 Location	海拔 Elevation (m)	纬度 Latitude	经度 Longitude
山底季风常绿阔叶林 Seasonal evergreen broad-leaved forest	Plot 1	响水河1 Xiangshuihe 1	1,393	24°27′9.5″N	100°54′55″E
	Plot 2	响水河2 Xiangshuihe 2	1,430	24°27′17″N	100°53′53″E
	Plot 3	道班 Daoban	1,440	24°26′13″N	100°54′09″E
	Plot 4	三棵桩 Sankezhuang	1,481	24°27′39″N	100°54′21″E
	Plot 5	大黑丫口1 Daheiyakou 1	2,015	24°30′12″N	100°53′01″E
	Plot 6	大黑丫口2 Daheiyakou 2	2,020	24°30′21″N	100°53′01″E
	Plot 7	大黑丫口3 Daheiyakou 3	2,055	24°30′13″N	100°53′12″E
中山湿性常绿阔叶林 Mountain humid evergreen broad- leaved forest	Plot 8	生态站入口 Entrance to forest ecosystem research station	2,395	24°31′07″N	101°0′53″E
	Plot 9	6 ha样地1 Plot 1 (6 ha)	2,495	24°32′12″N	101°01′36″E
	Plot 10	6 ha样地2 Plot 2 (6 ha)	2,500	24°32′18″N	101°01′32″E
	Plot 11	6 ha样地3 Plot 3 (6 ha)	2,505	24°32′22″N	101°01′16″E
	Plot 12	6 ha样地4 Plot 4 (6 ha)	2,510	24°32′18″N	101°01′41″E
	Plot 13	6 ha样地5 Plot 5 (6 ha)	2,516	24°32′33″N	101°01′11″E
	Plot 14	小新厂低部 Foot of Xiaoxinchang	2,522	24°32′57″N	101°01′37″E
山顶苔藓矮林 Mountain mossy evergreen broad- leaved forest	Plot 15	三棵树山顶 Hilltop in Sankeshu	2,666	24°32′10″N	101°01′52″E
山顶苔藓矮林 Mountain mossy evergreen broad- leaved forest	Plot 16	小新厂山顶 Hilltop in Xiaoxinchang	2,720	24°33′48″N	101°01′26″E

植被类型 Vegetation types	编号 Number	样方地点 Location	海拔 Elevation (m)	纬度 Latitude	经度 Longitude
山底季风常绿阔叶林 Seasonal evergreen broad-leaved forest	Plot 1	响水河1 Xiangshuihe 1	1,393	24°27′9.5″N	100°54′55″E
	Plot 2	响水河2 Xiangshuihe 2	1,430	24°27′17″N	100°53′53″E
	Plot 3	道班 Daoban	1,440	24°26′13″N	100°54′09″E
	Plot 4	三棵桩 Sankezhuang	1,481	24°27′39″N	100°54′21″E
	Plot 5	大黑丫口1 Daheiyakou 1	2,015	24°30′12″N	100°53′01″E
	Plot 6	大黑丫口2 Daheiyakou 2	2,020	24°30′21″N	100°53′01″E
	Plot 7	大黑丫口3 Daheiyakou 3	2,055	24°30′13″N	100°53′12″E
中山湿性常绿阔叶林 Mountain humid evergreen broad- leaved forest	Plot 8	生态站入口 Entrance to forest ecosystem research station	2,395	24°31′07″N	101°0′53″E
	Plot 9	6 ha样地1 Plot 1 (6 ha)	2,495	24°32′12″N	101°01′36″E
	Plot 10	6 ha样地2 Plot 2 (6 ha)	2,500	24°32′18″N	101°01′32″E
	Plot 11	6 ha样地3 Plot 3 (6 ha)	2,505	24°32′22″N	101°01′16″E
	Plot 12	6 ha样地4 Plot 4 (6 ha)	2,510	24°32′18″N	101°01′41″E
	Plot 13	6 ha样地5 Plot 5 (6 ha)	2,516	24°32′33″N	101°01′11″E
	Plot 14	小新厂低部 Foot of Xiaoxinchang	2,522	24°32′57″N	101°01′37″E
山顶苔藓矮林 Mountain mossy evergreen broad- leaved forest	Plot 15	三棵树山顶 Hilltop in Sankeshu	2,666	24°32′10″N	101°01′52″E
山顶苔藓矮林 Mountain mossy evergreen broad- leaved forest	Plot 16	小新厂山顶 Hilltop in Xiaoxinchang	2,720	24°33′48″N	101°01′26″E

沿海拔梯度变化的哀牢山亚热带森林群落系统发育结构

Phylogenetic community structure of subtropical forests along elevational gradients in Ailao Mountains of southwest China

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