关键词: 江苏扬州, 宝应湖, 底栖大型无脊椎动物, DNA条形码, 生物多样性, 群落结构, 水质生物评价

Abstract: From 2015 to 2019, biodiversity and community structure of benthic macroinvertebrates of Baoying Lake, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, were investigated employing both morphological identification and DNA barcoding. A total of 57 species, assigned to three phyla and five classes, were obtained, of which, 23 molluscs (including 15 gastropods, 8 bivalves), 12 oligochaetes, 22 arthropods (including five malacostracans, 17 insects). The gastropods constitute the most dominant group, accounting for more than 65% of the total individual numbers, with three dominant species, Bithynia fuchsiana, Bithynia misella, and Alocinma longicornis. Further surveys on the annual variation of species diversity and community structure showed that the mean values of three biodiversity indexes (Margalef, Simpson, and Pielou) were 2.27±0.28, 0.82±0.02, and 0.78±0.08, respectively. The values of the three indexes fluctuated within the five years. The biotic assessment of water quality based on both Shannon-Wiener index(H’) and the Biotic index(BI) suggests that, the water environment of Baoying lake suffered pollution to different extent from 2016 to 2019, which could be related to water eutrophication caused by frequent human activities, such as overstocking of barrier net aquaculture of single aquatic species. On the basis of past biodiversity and spatiotemporal variations of benthic macroinvertebrates, we provide useful insight to the future management of Baoying Lake.

Key words: Yangzhou, Baoying Lake, benthic macroinvertebrate, DNA barcode, biodiversity, community structure, bioassessment of water quality