生物多样性 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 445-454.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019356

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇    下一篇

哀牢山亚热带中山湿性常绿阔叶林树种beta多样性格局形成的驱动力

姚志良1,2,温韩东1,3,邓云1,2,4,曹敏1,林露湘1,4,*()   

  1. 1 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园热带森林生态学重点实验室, 昆明 650223
    2 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
    3 中国科学院哀牢山亚热带森林生态系统研究站, 云南景东 676209
    4 中国科学院西双版纳热带雨林生态系统研究站, 云南勐腊 666303
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-07 接受日期:2019-12-03 出版日期:2020-04-20 发布日期:2020-06-15
  • 通讯作者: 林露湘
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园“一三五”专项重大突破项目(2017XTBG-T01)

Driving forces underlying the beta diversity of tree species in subtropical mid-mountain moist evergreen broad-leaved forests in Ailao Mountains

Zhiliang Yao1,2,Handong Wen1,3,Yun Deng1,2,4,Min Cao1,Luxiang Lin1,4,*()   

  1. 1 CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223
    2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
    3 Ailaoshan Station for Subtropical Forest Ecosystem Studies, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jingdong, Yunnan 676209
    4 Xishuangbanna Station for Tropical Rainforest Ecosystem Studies, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303
  • Received:2019-11-07 Accepted:2019-12-03 Online:2020-04-20 Published:2020-06-15
  • Contact: Luxiang Lin

摘要:

Beta多样性通常指群落在时间和空间上物种组成的差异, 包括物种周转组分和物种丰富度差异组分。驱动beta多样性格局形成的生态过程决定了群落的时空动态, 然而关于beta多样性及其两个组分格局形成的驱动力还存在较多争议。以往研究表明, beta多样性的格局存在取样尺度的依赖性, 驱动其形成的生态过程在不同取样尺度下的相对重要性也随之改变。本研究以哀牢山亚热带中山湿性常绿阔叶林20 ha动态监测样地为研究对象, 在不同取样尺度上, 将样方间的Bray-Curtis指数分解为物种周转组分和物种丰富度差异组分, 通过典范冗余分析和方差分解的方法揭示环境过滤和扩散限制对于beta多样性及其两个组分格局形成的相对重要性及其尺度依赖性。结果表明: (1) beta多样性、物种周转组分和物种丰富度差异组分均随取样尺度的增大而减小。在不同取样尺度下, 物种周转组分对于beta多样性的贡献始终占主导地位。(2)随着取样尺度的增大, 环境过滤驱动beta多样性格局形成的相对重要性逐渐增加, 而扩散限制的相对重要性逐渐降低。本研究进一步证实了取样尺度在beta多样性格局形成及其驱动力定量评价中的重要性, 今后的研究需要进一步解析上述尺度效应的形成机制。

关键词: 群落组成, beta多样性组分, 方差分解, 环境过滤, 扩散限制, 哀牢山

Abstract

Beta diversity refers to species composition variation among communities across temporal and spatial scales. Beta diversity includes species turnover and species richness differences between communities. The ecological processes that drive beta diversity patterns are determined by spatio-temporal dynamics of communities. However, the driving forces that form beta diversity and its components patterns are still controversial. Previous studies have shown that beta diversity patterns are scale-dependent as are the relative importance of underlying ecological processes. In this study, the beta diversity of tree species in the 20 ha subtropical mid-mountain moist evergreen broad-leaved forest dynamics plot in Ailao Mountains was studied. Across different spatial scales, the Bray-Curtis indices among quadrat pairs were partitioned into species turnover components and species richness components. The relative importance of scale dependent environmental filtering and dispersal limitation on beta diversity were analyzed by using a redundancy analysis and variation partitioning analysis. Our results showed that: (1) Beta diversity and its components decreased with increasing scale. The pairwise difference in species composition between quadrats was dominated by species turnover components at all scales. (2) With increasing scale, the relative importance of environment filtering on beta diversity gradually increased, while the relative importance of dispersal limitation gradually decreased. This study confirmed the importance of spatial scale on beta diversity pattern and the quantitative assessment of its driving forces. Future research should focus more on examining the mechanism of the scale effects on beta diversity and its underlying driving forces.

Key words: community composition, beta-diversity component, variation partitioning, environment filtering, dispersal limitation, Ailao Mountains