生物多样性 ›› 2012, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (5): 612-622.  DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.11145

所属专题: 创刊20周年纪念专刊

• 《生物多样性》创刊20年纪念专刊 • 上一篇    下一篇

物种受威胁状况评估: 研究进展与中国的案例

蒋志刚1,*(), 罗振华1,2   

  1. 1 中国科学院动物研究所, 北京 100101
    2 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2012-07-17 接受日期:2012-08-13 出版日期:2012-09-20 发布日期:2012-09-07
  • 通讯作者: 蒋志刚
  • 作者简介:*E-mail: jiangzg@ioz.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家环保部项目 “中国陆生脊椎动物受威胁状况评估”;“中国西南喀斯特地区野生动物资源重点调查”;“濒危动物评估标准及红色名录编制”;中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KSCX2-EW-Z-4)

Assessing species endangerment status: progress in research and an example from China

Zhigang Jiang1,*(), Zhenhua Luo1,2   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
    2 Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
  • Received:2012-07-17 Accepted:2012-08-13 Online:2012-09-20 Published:2012-09-07
  • Contact: Zhigang Jiang

摘要:

评估物种濒危等级, 确定物种保护优先序, 是生物多样性保护的一项重要工作。通过不断的修订, IUCN红色名录濒危等级标准已经趋于完善。但是, 目前人们还在探索在无法获得物种的种群数量、生境、生活史数据时, 如何寻找替代指标评估物种濒危等级。我们综述了国内外物种濒危状况研究的进展, 提出了结合物种分布区、生活史、生态功能、人为干扰和特殊利用价值的评估物种受威胁状况的方法, 并以此方法评估了中国陆生脊椎动物的生存状况。结果表明, 列入灭绝级的物种有5个, 功能性灭绝级的物种有30个, 濒危级的物种有343个, 受胁级的物种有459个, 关注级的物种有439个, 无危级的物种有1,032个。

关键词: 物种濒危等级标准, 灭绝, 濒危物种, 受威胁物种, 哺乳类, 鸟类, 爬行类, 两栖类

Abstract

It is an important task in biodiversity conservation to assess species endangerment status and determine protection priorities. Although IUCN Redlist Criteria are improving through periodical revision, people are still developing different criteria because information about population census, habitat status and life history of a given species are often lacking. We reviewed the progress of assessing species endangerment status, both internationally and domestically, and propose that future designations combine distribution area, life history, ecological function, anthropogenic interference and special use data to more accurately assess endangerment status. As an example, we assessed the status of terrestrial vertebrates in China using this method. Our results showed that five species were listed in the category of extinct, 30 species were extinct, 343 species were endangered, 459 species were threatened, 439 species were concerned, and 1,032 species were least concerned.

Key words: Criteria for assessing species endangerment status, extinction, endangered species, threatened species, mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians