华南地区3种入侵植物与本地植物叶片建成成本的比较

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.09077

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生物量建成成本作为衡量植物生物量建成所需能量的指标, 反映了植物的能量利用策略, 较低的建成成本可能会增加入侵种的竞争优势。本研究以华南地区3种危害严重的入侵植物薇甘菊(Mikania micrantha)、三裂叶蟛蜞菊(Wedelia trilobata)和五爪金龙(Ipomoea cairica)为研究对象, 选取与它们伴生或近缘的本地植物鸡矢藤(Paederia scandens)、蟛蜞菊(W.chinensis)和厚藤(I.pescaprae)作为对照, 比较了相同环境下培养的入侵植物和本地植物叶片建成成本的差异。结果表明, 这3种入侵植物的叶片单位质量建成成本(CC_mass)和单位面积建成成本(CC_area)均低于它们的本地对照种。将3种入侵植物作为一组, 它们的叶片平均CC_mass(1.17 g glucose/g)和CC_area(22.34 g glucose/m²)显著低于本地种的叶片平均CC_mass(1.32 g glucose/g)和CC_area(36.93 g glucose/m²)。本研究结果进一步证实, 入侵植物与本地植物相比具有较低的叶片建成成本, 这可能是它们入侵成功的原因之一。同时, 本研究通过分析叶片建成成本与叶片碳浓度、氮浓度、灰分含量(Ash)以及去灰分热值(H_c)的相互关系, 探讨了影响入侵种和本地种叶片建成成本的可能因素。结果显示, 入侵植物具有较低的叶片建成成本是与其较低的碳浓度和氮浓度以及较高的灰分含量相联系的。

关键词: 灰分含量, 去灰分热值, 生物量建成成本, 碳浓度, 入侵植物

Abstract:

Construction cost is a quantifiable measure of energy demand for biomass production, and reflects specific growth strategies. Low construction cost is hypothesized to give plant invaders a growth advantage through efficient energy utilization. In this study, three invasive alien species (Mikania micrantha, Wedelia trilobata and Ipomoea cairica) and their co-occurring or phylogenetically related native species (Paederia scandens, Wedelia chinensis and Ipomoea pescaprae) in South China were used as materials for comparing leaf construction costs. These three invasive species exhibited lower mass- (CC_mass) and area- (CC_area) based leaf construction costs than the corresponding native species had. Taking the three invasive species as a group, the mean leaf CC_mass and CC_area of invasive species were 1.17 g glucose/g and 22.34 g glucose/m², respectively, which were significantly lower than those for the native species (CC_mass = 1.32 g glucose/g and CC_area= 36.93 g glucose/m²). The results testified the lower construction costs for invasive species compared with native ones, which might be a potential mechanism for the successful invasion of plants. Further, statistical analysis revealed significant correlations between leaf construction cost and leaf carbon content, nitrogen content and ash content (Ash) in invasive species. It suggested that the lower leaf construction costs of invasive species were partly due to their lower carbon and nitrogen content, and higher Ashrelative to their corresponding native species.

Key words: ash content, ash-free heat of combustion, biomass construction cost, carbon content, invasive species

宋莉英, 彭长连, 彭少麟. 华南地区3种入侵植物与本地植物叶片建成成本的比较[J]. 生物多样性, 2009, 17(4): 378-384.

Liying Song, Changlian Peng, Shaolin Peng. Comparison of leaf construction costs between three invasive species and three native species in South China[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2009, 17(4): 378-384.

图/表 4

图1 华南地区3种入侵植物与其本地对照植物叶片单位质量建成成本(A)和单位面积建成成本(B)的比较。1: 薇甘菊; 2: 鸡矢藤; 3: 三裂叶蟛蜞菊; 4: 蟛蜞菊; 5: 五爪金龙; 6: 厚藤。不同小写字母表示在0.05水平上经LSD检验差异显著。

Fig. 1 Leaf construction cost per unit mass (CCmass) (A) and per unit area (CCarea) (B) in three invasive species and the native species in South China. 1, Mikania micrantha; 2, Paederia scandens; 3, Wedelia trilobata; 4, W. chinensis; 5, Ipomoea cairica; 6, I.pescaprae. Different lowercase letters show significant difference at P= 0.05.

表1 华南地区3种入侵植物与其本地对照植物比叶面积、碳浓度、氮浓度、灰分含量和去灰分热值的比较

Table 1 Specific leaf area (SLA), carbon content, nitrogen content, ash content (Ash) and ash-free heat of combustion (Hc) of three invasive species and three native species in South China

来源 Origin	物种 Species	比叶面积 SLA (m²/kg)	碳浓度 Carbon content (%)	氮浓度 Nitrogen content (%)	灰分含量 Ash (%)	去灰分热值 H_c(kJ/g)
入侵种 Invasive	薇甘菊 Mikania micrantha	65.98±0.64^b	33.23±0.51^e	4.49±0.15^a	22.29±0.15^b	18.97±0.04^b
	三裂叶蟛蜞菊 Wedelia trilobata	32.44±5.79^c	33.69±0.53^e	3.27±0.10^b	26.22±0.37^a	19.64±0.09^b
	五爪金龙 Ipomoea cairica	83.47±1.57^a	36.03±0.48^d	4.73±0.31^a	16.90±0.76^c	18.94±0.20^b
本地种 Native	鸡矢藤 Paederia scandens	40.22±0.81^c	41.73±0.39^a	4.13±0.39^a	13.66±0.09^d	20.22±0.09^ab
	蟛蜞菊 Wedelia chinensis	34.59±0.80^c	37.78±0.07^c	4.53±0.03^a	21.35±1.71^b	21.02±0.94^a
	厚藤 Ipomoea pescaprae	33.62±0.38^c	39.80±0.46^b	4.88±0.16^a	18.21±1.57^c	20.14±0.26^ab

表2 入侵种和本地种平均叶片建成成本、比叶面积、碳浓度、氮浓度、灰分含量和去灰分热值的比较

Table 2 Average leaf construction cost per unit mass (CCmass) and per unit area (CCarea), specific leaf area (SLA), carbon content, nitrogen content, ash content (Ash) and ash-free heat of combustion (Hc) of three invasive species and three native species in South China

变量 Variable	入侵种 Invasive species	本地种 Native species	F值 F-value
叶片单位质量建成成本 CC_mass(g glucose/g)	1.17±0.02	1.32±0.01	47.604**
叶片单位面积建成成本 CC_area(g glucose/m²)	22.34±3.16	36.93±1.25	16.776**
比叶面积 SLA (m²/kg)	60.52±7.49	35.89±1.25	9.330**
碳浓度 Carbon content (%)	34.32±0.50	40.02±0.61	52.529**
氮浓度 Nitrogen content (%)	4.16±0.25	4.51±0.18	1.250^NS
灰分含量 Ash (%)	21.80±1.37	17.29±1.31	5.593*
去灰分热值 H_c (kJ/g)	19.18±0.13	20.39±0.24	20.432**

图2 叶片建成成本与叶片碳浓度(A)、氮浓度(B)、灰分含量(C)和去灰分热值(D)的相关性。实线表示具有显著相关性, 虚线表示相关性不显著。

Fig. 2 The correlations between leaf construction cost per unit mass (Leaf CCmass) and carbon content (A), nitrogen content (B), ash content (Ash) (C), ash-free heat of combustion (Hc) (D), respectively. Solid lines represent significant correlations, and dashed lines insignificant correlations.

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