生物多样性 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 1-9. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020212
• 研究报告:植物多样性 • 下一篇
王亚1(), 王玮倩1,2, 王钦克1, 李晓霞1, 刘延1, 黄乔乔1,*()()
收稿日期:
2020-05-22
接受日期:
2020-07-09
出版日期:
2021-01-20
发布日期:
2020-09-01
通讯作者:
黄乔乔
基金资助:
Ya Wang1(), Weiqian Wang1,2, Qinke Wang1, Xiaoxia Li1, Yan Liu1, Qiaoqiao Huang1,*()()
Received:
2020-05-22
Accepted:
2020-07-09
Online:
2021-01-20
Published:
2020-09-01
Contact:
Qiaoqiao Huang
摘要:
入侵植物繁殖性状的研究可为揭示植物入侵机制提供重要的科学依据。为研究土壤养分对入侵植物和本地植物繁殖性状的影响, 并进一步研究养分添加是否更能促进入侵植物的繁殖能力, 我们设置了低、高两个养分水平, 通过同质园实验比较了不同土壤养分对假臭草(Praxelis clematidea)、胜红蓟(Ageratum conyzoides)、三叶鬼针草(Bidens pilosa) 3种菊科一年生入侵种和夜香牛(Vernonia cinerea)、一点红(Emilia sonchifolia)、墨旱莲(Eclipta prostrata) 3种本地种繁殖性状的影响。研究结果显示, 养分添加提高了6种菊科植物的开花株高、株高、地上生物量、单粒种子重量、总花序数、每花序种子数、总种子数量、总种子重量, 并使开花时间提前、花期延长。养分添加对入侵种的开花株高和单粒种子重量的提高幅度要比本地种更显著。相对于部分本地植物(夜香牛、墨旱莲), 养分添加更能促进部分入侵植物(假臭草、胜红蓟)的繁殖能力。三叶鬼针草和一点红的总种子数量和总种子重量在两种土壤养分水平下均较小。本地种墨旱莲的总种子数量和总种子重量在低养分条件下高于3个入侵种。这些结果表明, 高土壤养分仅能促进部分入侵植物相对于部分本地植物的繁殖能力。
王亚, 王玮倩, 王钦克, 李晓霞, 刘延, 黄乔乔 (2021) 土壤养分对菊科一年生入侵种和本地种繁殖性状的影响. 生物多样性, 29, 1-9. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020212.
Ya Wang, Weiqian Wang, Qinke Wang, Xiaoxia Li, Yan Liu, Qiaoqiao Huang (2021) Effects of soil nutrients on reproductive traits of invasive and native annual Asteraceae plants. Biodiversity Science, 29, 1-9. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020212.
物种来源 Species origin (O) | 土壤养分 Soil nutrient (N) | 种群 Population (P) | O × N | O × P | N × P | O × N × P | 物种(物种来源) Species (origin) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
开花时间 Flowering time | 15.96* | 5.58* | 6.92** | 0.89ns | 10.33** | 8.75** | 0.54ns | 27.25** |
开花株高 Flowering plant height | 6.01ns | 87.81** | 0.37ns | 25.14** | 13.06** | 3.37ns | 0.03ns | 50.35** |
株高 Plant height | 1.55ns | 120.57** | 1.56ns | 0.52ns | 11.52** | 0.37ns | 1.02ns | 77.08** |
地上生物量 Aboveground biomass | 1.35ns | 1659.2** | 2.2ns | 3.8ns | 0.36ns | 0.55ns | 3.35ns | 33.94** |
花期 Duration of flowering | 1.98ns | 15.81** | 2.26ns | 0.01ns | 16.25** | 3.22ns | 0.02ns | 98.22** |
单粒种子重量 Single seed weight | 0.11ns | 20.83** | 0.66ns | 6.97** | 12.42** | 1.1ns | 6.37* | 1704** |
总花序数量 Total inflorescence number | 0.01ns | 961.97** | 3.01ns | 3.21ns | 25.94** | 0.26ns | 0.46ns | 220** |
种子数/花序 Seed number per inflorescence | 0.09ns | 5.54* | 0.61ns | 0.1ns | 0.16ns | 0.95ns | 1.41ns | 348.2** |
总种子数量 Total seed number | 0.03ns | 608.9** | 0.92ns | 2.26ns | 13.65** | 0.68ns | 1.11ns | 221.9** |
总种子重量 Total seed weight | 0.01ns | 626.6** | 1.23ns | 0.83ns | 18.98** | 1.05ns | 0.24ns | 82.6** |
表1 物种来源、土壤养分、种群、物种(嵌套在来源内)及其交互作用对植物繁殖性状影响的方差分析结果(F值)
Table 1 ANOVA results for the effects of species origin, nutrient, population, species (nested within origin) and their interactions on the plant reproductive traits (F )
物种来源 Species origin (O) | 土壤养分 Soil nutrient (N) | 种群 Population (P) | O × N | O × P | N × P | O × N × P | 物种(物种来源) Species (origin) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
开花时间 Flowering time | 15.96* | 5.58* | 6.92** | 0.89ns | 10.33** | 8.75** | 0.54ns | 27.25** |
开花株高 Flowering plant height | 6.01ns | 87.81** | 0.37ns | 25.14** | 13.06** | 3.37ns | 0.03ns | 50.35** |
株高 Plant height | 1.55ns | 120.57** | 1.56ns | 0.52ns | 11.52** | 0.37ns | 1.02ns | 77.08** |
地上生物量 Aboveground biomass | 1.35ns | 1659.2** | 2.2ns | 3.8ns | 0.36ns | 0.55ns | 3.35ns | 33.94** |
花期 Duration of flowering | 1.98ns | 15.81** | 2.26ns | 0.01ns | 16.25** | 3.22ns | 0.02ns | 98.22** |
单粒种子重量 Single seed weight | 0.11ns | 20.83** | 0.66ns | 6.97** | 12.42** | 1.1ns | 6.37* | 1704** |
总花序数量 Total inflorescence number | 0.01ns | 961.97** | 3.01ns | 3.21ns | 25.94** | 0.26ns | 0.46ns | 220** |
种子数/花序 Seed number per inflorescence | 0.09ns | 5.54* | 0.61ns | 0.1ns | 0.16ns | 0.95ns | 1.41ns | 348.2** |
总种子数量 Total seed number | 0.03ns | 608.9** | 0.92ns | 2.26ns | 13.65** | 0.68ns | 1.11ns | 221.9** |
总种子重量 Total seed weight | 0.01ns | 626.6** | 1.23ns | 0.83ns | 18.98** | 1.05ns | 0.24ns | 82.6** |
图1 土壤养分对繁殖性状的影响(平均值 ± 标准误)。对于同一物种, 不同字母代表不同养分处理和种群间存在显著差异(Tukey多重比较)。LN: 低养分处理; HN: 高养分处理; HK: 海口; DZ: 儋州; PC: 假臭草; AC: 胜红蓟; BP: 三叶鬼针草; VC: 夜香牛; ES: 一点红; EP: 墨旱莲。
Fig. 1 Effect of soil nutrients on reproductive traits (mean ± SE). For the same species, different letters represent significant differences among nutrient treatments and populations (Tukey’s multiple comparisons). LN, Low nutrient treatment; HN, High nutrient treatment; HK, Haikou; DZ, Danzhou; PC, Praxelis clematidea; AC, Ageratum conyzoides; BP, Bidens pilosa; VC, Vernonia cinerea; ES, Emilia sonchifolia; EP, Eclipta prostrata.
物种 Species | 回归方程 Regression equation | R2 | 标准化系数 Standardized coefficient | P |
---|---|---|---|---|
假臭草 Praxelis clematidea | Y = - 7.320 + 1.457X2 + 1.013X4 | 0.927 | X2: 0.233; X4: 0.769 | < 0.01 |
胜红蓟 Ageratum conyzoides | Y = 0.318 - 0.029X1 + 0.943X4 | 0.900 | X1: -0.134; X4: 0.944 | < 0.01 |
三叶鬼针草 Bidens pilosa | Y = - 4.485 - 0.039X1 + 1.228X2 + 0.007X5 | 0.696 | X1: -0.542; X2: 0.407; X5: 0.321 | < 0.01 |
夜香牛 Vernonia cinerea | Y = - 1.972 + 0.816X4 | 0.693 | X4: 0.832 | < 0.01 |
一点红 Emilia sonchifolia | Y = 10.057 - 0.040X1 - 2.534X3 + 2.048X4 - 0.013X5 | 0.907 | X1: -0.171; X3: -0.417; X4; 1.532; X5: -0.319 | < 0.01 |
墨旱莲 Eclipta prostrata | Y = 0.251 + 0.677X4 | 0.735 | X4: 0.857 | < 0.01 |
表2 影响不同植物总种子重量的相关繁殖性状的多元逐步回归分析
Table 2 Stepwise multiple regression analysis of reproductive traits affecting total seed weight of different spceies
物种 Species | 回归方程 Regression equation | R2 | 标准化系数 Standardized coefficient | P |
---|---|---|---|---|
假臭草 Praxelis clematidea | Y = - 7.320 + 1.457X2 + 1.013X4 | 0.927 | X2: 0.233; X4: 0.769 | < 0.01 |
胜红蓟 Ageratum conyzoides | Y = 0.318 - 0.029X1 + 0.943X4 | 0.900 | X1: -0.134; X4: 0.944 | < 0.01 |
三叶鬼针草 Bidens pilosa | Y = - 4.485 - 0.039X1 + 1.228X2 + 0.007X5 | 0.696 | X1: -0.542; X2: 0.407; X5: 0.321 | < 0.01 |
夜香牛 Vernonia cinerea | Y = - 1.972 + 0.816X4 | 0.693 | X4: 0.832 | < 0.01 |
一点红 Emilia sonchifolia | Y = 10.057 - 0.040X1 - 2.534X3 + 2.048X4 - 0.013X5 | 0.907 | X1: -0.171; X3: -0.417; X4; 1.532; X5: -0.319 | < 0.01 |
墨旱莲 Eclipta prostrata | Y = 0.251 + 0.677X4 | 0.735 | X4: 0.857 | < 0.01 |
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