关帝山杨桦林土壤跳虫功能性状的时空分布格局

doi:10.17520/biods.2026072

生物多样性

关帝山杨桦林土壤跳虫功能性状的时空分布格局

郑文芳¹, 赵立娟¹, 张艳平¹, 董江海¹, 李蓉姣¹, 高瑞贺^1,2,3

1.山西农业大学林学院，山西晋中 030800；2.森林资源高效培育山西省重点实验室，山西晋中 030800；3.山西省林业危险性有害生物检验鉴定中心，山西晋中 030800

收稿日期:2026-03-06 修回日期:2026-05-27
通讯作者: 高瑞贺
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32401594); 山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2023-087)

Spatio-temporal distribution patterns of functional traits in soil Collembola in the poplar-birch forests of Guandi Mountain

Wenfang Zheng¹, Lijuan Zhao¹, Yanping Zhang¹, Jianghai Dong¹, Rongjiao Li¹, Ruihe Gao^1,2,3

1. Forestry College, Shanxi Agricultural University, jinzhong 030800, Shanxi, China;

2. Shanxi Dangerous Forest Pest Inspection and Identification Center, Jinzhong 030801, China;

3. Shanxi Key Laboratory of Efficient Cultivation of Forest Resources, Jinzhong 030801, China

Received:2026-03-06 Revised:2026-05-27
Contact: Ruihe Gao
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32401594); Research Project Supported by the Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(2023-087)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤跳虫作为生态指示生物，能够有效反映土壤生态系统的健康状况，其功能性状特征与土壤环境和生态系统功能密切相关。本研究以关帝山杨桦林生态系统下土壤跳虫为研究对象，在海拔1,600–2,200 m范围内每200 m设置1个样地，采用干漏斗法收集土壤跳虫，统计种类数量并测定其功能性状，同时结合土壤理化性质分析，以探明跳虫群落特征及其功能性状沿海拔梯度的时空分布格局，并通过冗余分析评估土壤环境因子对跳虫功能性状的影响。结果表明：土壤跳虫数量随海拔升高逐渐减少，并呈现明显的“表聚性”分布特征，功能多样性指数在海拔与季节水平上均存在显著差异，土壤跳虫体长群落加权平均值(CWM)在垂直土层梯度差异显著，体长、体色、弹器与鳞片CWM在季节动态水平差异显著。冗余分析结果显示，土壤温度、pH和容重与跳虫体长、体色、弹器和小眼存在呈显著正相关。本研究明确关帝山土壤跳虫功能性状的时空分布格局及其主要环境驱动因素，为关帝山杨桦林生态系统土壤动物多样性保护提供了理论依据。

关键词: 杨桦林, 土壤跳虫, 功能性状, 海拔梯度

Abstract

Aim: As ecological indicator organisms, Collembola effectively reflect the health of soil ecosystems, and their functional traits are closely related to the soil environment and ecosystem functions.

Method: This study focused on Collembola in the Yanghu Forest ecosystem of Guandi Mountain. Plots were established at 200-meter intervals between 1,600 and 2,200 meters above sea level. Collembola were collected using the dry funnel method, counted species numbers, and measured their functional traits. This was combined with an analysis of soil physicochemical properties to elucidate the characteristics of the Collembola community and the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of their functional traits along the elevation gradient. Redundancy analysis was also conducted to assess the effects of soil environmental factors on Collembola functional traits.

Result: The results indicate that Collembola abundance gradually decreases with increasing elevation and exhibits a distinct “epiphanal” distribution pattern. Functional diversity indices showed significant differences at both the elevation and seasonal levels. The community-weighted mean (CWM) of Collembola body length exhibited significant variations across soil layers, while the CWMs for body length, pigmentation, furca, and scales showed significant differences in seasonal dynamics. Redundancy analysis revealed significant positive correlations between soil temperature, pH, and bulk density, on one hand, and Collembola body length, pigmentation, and the number of furcas and ocelli, on the other.

Conclusion: This study clarifies the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of functional traits in Collembola on Guandi Mountain and identifies their primary environmental drivers, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the conservation of soil fauna diversity in the poplar-birch forest ecosystem of Guandi Mountain.

Key words: poplar-birch forest, Collembola, functional traits, elevational gradient

郑文芳, 赵立娟, 张艳平, 董江海, 李蓉姣, 高瑞贺. 关帝山杨桦林土壤跳虫功能性状的时空分布格局. 生物多样性, DOI: 10.17520/biods.2026072.

Wenfang Zheng, Lijuan Zhao, Yanping Zhang, Jianghai Dong, Rongjiao Li, Ruihe Gao. Spatio-temporal distribution patterns of functional traits in soil Collembola in the poplar-birch forests of Guandi Mountain. Biodiversity Science, DOI: 10.17520/biods.2026072.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2026072

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