厦门近岸海域无居民海岛植物区系和物种组成相似性

doi:10.17520/biods.2018124

生物多样性 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (11): 1212-1222. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018124

所属专题：生物入侵

厦门近岸海域无居民海岛植物区系和物种组成相似性

肖兰¹, 张琳婷^1,^*(), 杨盛昌², 郑志翰², 姜德刚¹

1 自然资源部海岛研究中心, 福建平潭 350400
2 厦门大学环境与生态学院, 福建厦门 361102

收稿日期:2018-04-18 接受日期:2018-08-05 出版日期:2018-11-20 发布日期:2019-01-08
通讯作者: 张琳婷
作者简介:# 共同第一作者
基金资助:
国家海洋局海洋公益性行业科研项目(201505009-5)

Flora and species composition similarity of the uninhabited islands in the nearshore Xiamen

Lan Xiao¹, Linting Zhang^1,^*(), Shengchang Yang², Zhihan Zheng², Degang Jiang¹

1 Island Research Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, P.R.C., Pingtan, Fujian 350400
2 College of Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102;

Received:2018-04-18 Accepted:2018-08-05 Online:2018-11-20 Published:2019-01-08
Contact: Zhang Linting
About author:# Co-first authors

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为摸清厦门近岸无居民海岛的主要植物群落类型, 于2017年10月调查了12个无居民海岛的植物组成, 共记录到维管束植物360种, 其中乔木78种, 小乔木或灌木109种, 藤本23种, 草本150种; 包含外来入侵植物49种, 其中恶性入侵种10种。植物区系分析表明, 厦门周边12个无居民海岛植物主要由泛热带分布种及其变型组成, 以热带、亚热带成分占主导地位, 符合其亚热带地理分布特点。总体上, 维管束植物物种相似性较高, 物种丰富度受海岛面积的影响较大, 与海岛面积存在显著的对数和幂函数关系。此外, 岸线长度、高程、周长/面积比等空间参数也对海岛物种丰富度产生一定的影响。岛屿间维管束植物物种相似性受生境多样性和岛屿边缘效应的影响, 仅吾屿可能存在小岛屿效应。

关键词: 无居民海岛, 植物区系, 空间特征, 物种相似性, 入侵物种

Abstract

To find out the main plant community types of uninhabited islands in the nearshore Xiamen, in mid-to-late October 2017, we recorded 360 vascular plant species, including 78 trees, 109 small trees or shrubs, 23 vines and 150 herbs. We also found 49 invasive alien species, 10 of which have been identified as the most serious invasive. Compositional analysis showed that vegetation in these 12 uninhabited islands were of tropical and sub-tropical types. Consistent with the subtropical geography of these islands, vegetation mainly consisted of pan-tropical species and its variants. Generally, the islands had similar species composition. Herbaceous plants dominated the flora of these islands. Power and logarithm functions best described the species-area relationships of island vascular plants. Area had the largest effect on species richness of these islands followed by other spatial parameters such as the ratio of shoreline length, elevation, and perimeter area. Habitat diversity and island edge affected similarity of vascular plant species among different islands. Except for Wuyu Isle, we did not find evidence for small island effects in these surveys.

Key words: uninhabited islands, flora, spatial features, species similarity, invasive alien species

肖兰, 张琳婷, 杨盛昌, 郑志翰, 姜德刚 (2018) 厦门近岸海域无居民海岛植物区系和物种组成相似性. 生物多样性, 26, 1212-1222. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018124.

Lan Xiao, Linting Zhang, Shengchang Yang, Zhihan Zheng, Degang Jiang (2018) Flora and species composition similarity of the uninhabited islands in the nearshore Xiamen. Biodiversity Science, 26, 1212-1222. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018124.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2018124

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2018/V26/I11/1212

图/表 9

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岛屿名称 Island name	面积 Area (ha)	生境类型数 No. of habitat types	距大陆距离 Distance to the mainland (km)	岸线长度 Coastline length (m)	最大高程 Maximum elevation (m)	丰富度 Richness
海沧大屿 Haicangdayu (HCDY)	18.00	4	0.27	2,491.80	57.20	100
鸡屿 Jiyu (JY)	40.37	5	1.10	3,641.60	64.40	117
土屿 Tuyu (TY)	0.20	2	10.27	172.90	11.30	47
吾屿 Wuyu (WY)	0.88	2	0.24	419.00	15.80	19
大离浦屿 Dalipuyu (DLPY)	1.83	3	3.83	698.10	16.80	99
火烧屿 Huoshaoyu (HSY)	26.58	4	0.27	2,748.00	34.80	178
鳄鱼屿 Eyuyu (EYY)	7.88	3	1.41	1,579.50	17.60	59
猴屿 Houyu (HY)	1.31	2	1.82	517.60	20.30	41
大兔屿 Datuyu (DTY)	6.02	3	0.41	1,223.60	41.80	115
白兔屿 Baituyu (BTY)	0.64	2	0.67	359.30	19.20	40
乌鸦屿 Wuyayu (WYY)	0.78	2	0.60	397.20	19.30	44
宝珠屿 Baozhuyu (BZY)	0.63	2	1.70	293.80	19.50	54

岛屿名称 Island name	面积 Area (ha)	生境类型数 No. of habitat types	距大陆距离 Distance to the mainland (km)	岸线长度 Coastline length (m)	最大高程 Maximum elevation (m)	丰富度 Richness
海沧大屿 Haicangdayu (HCDY)	18.00	4	0.27	2,491.80	57.20	100
鸡屿 Jiyu (JY)	40.37	5	1.10	3,641.60	64.40	117
土屿 Tuyu (TY)	0.20	2	10.27	172.90	11.30	47
吾屿 Wuyu (WY)	0.88	2	0.24	419.00	15.80	19
大离浦屿 Dalipuyu (DLPY)	1.83	3	3.83	698.10	16.80	99
火烧屿 Huoshaoyu (HSY)	26.58	4	0.27	2,748.00	34.80	178
鳄鱼屿 Eyuyu (EYY)	7.88	3	1.41	1,579.50	17.60	59
猴屿 Houyu (HY)	1.31	2	1.82	517.60	20.30	41
大兔屿 Datuyu (DTY)	6.02	3	0.41	1,223.60	41.80	115
白兔屿 Baituyu (BTY)	0.64	2	0.67	359.30	19.20	40
乌鸦屿 Wuyayu (WYY)	0.78	2	0.60	397.20	19.30	44
宝珠屿 Baozhuyu (BZY)	0.63	2	1.70	293.80	19.50	54

岛屿名称 Island name	Shannon-Wiener 指数 H′	Pielou均匀度指数 J	属种系数(%) Generic coefficient
海沧大屿 HCDY	1.75	0.82	88.00
鸡屿 JY	2.04	0.82	92.24
土屿 TY	-	-	95.45
吾屿 WY	-	-	100.00
大离浦屿 DLPY	0.46	0.40	94.51
火烧屿 HSY	0.68	0.71	89.89
鳄鱼屿 EYY	0.28	0.20	97.92
猴屿 HY	0.48	0.27	88.64
大兔屿 DTY	0.94	0.47	90.43
白兔屿 BTY	1.03	0.75	97.50
乌鸦屿 WYY	-	-	95.45
宝珠屿 BZY	0.65	0.25	100.00
均值 Average	0.92	0.52	94.17

岛屿名称 Island name	Shannon-Wiener 指数 H′	Pielou均匀度指数 J	属种系数(%) Generic coefficient
海沧大屿 HCDY	1.75	0.82	88.00
鸡屿 JY	2.04	0.82	92.24
土屿 TY	-	-	95.45
吾屿 WY	-	-	100.00
大离浦屿 DLPY	0.46	0.40	94.51
火烧屿 HSY	0.68	0.71	89.89
鳄鱼屿 EYY	0.28	0.20	97.92
猴屿 HY	0.48	0.27	88.64
大兔屿 DTY	0.94	0.47	90.43
白兔屿 BTY	1.03	0.75	97.50
乌鸦屿 WYY	-	-	95.45
宝珠屿 BZY	0.65	0.25	100.00
均值 Average	0.92	0.52	94.17

分布区系类型及其变型 Areal-types and variations	属数 Number of genus	占总种子植物属数的百分比 Percentage in the seed plants (%)
1 世界分布 Cosmopolitan	26
2 泛热带分布及其变型 Pantropic	82	29.50
3 热带亚洲和热带美洲间断分布 Tropical Asia & Tropical America disjuncted	33	11.87
4 旧世界热带分布及其变型 Old World Tropics	24	8.63
5 热带亚洲至热带大洋洲分布及其变型 Tropical Asia & Tropical Australasia	25	8.99
6 热带亚洲至热带非洲分布及其变型 Tropical Asia to Tropical Africa	19	6.83
7 热带亚洲分布及其变型 Tropical Asia (Indo-Malesia)	20	7.19
8 北温带分布及其变型 North Temperate	22	7.91
9 东亚和北美洲间断分布及其变型 East Asia & North America disjuncted	9	3.24
10 旧世界温带分布及其变型 O1d World Temperate	6	2.16
11 温带亚洲分布 Temperate Asia	0	0
12 地中海区西亚至中亚分布及其变型 Mediterranea, West Asia to Central Asia	1	0.36
13 中亚分布及其变型 Central Asia	0	0
14 东亚分布及其变型 East Asia	10	3.60
15 中国特有分布 Endemic to China	1	0.36

厦门近岸海域无居民海岛植物区系和物种组成相似性

Flora and species composition similarity of the uninhabited islands in the nearshore Xiamen

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	面积 Area	距大陆距离 Distance to the mainland	岸线长度 Coastline length	最大高程 Maximum elevation	周长/面积比 Perimeter and area ratio
距大陆距离 Distance to the mainland	-0.280
岸线长度 Coastline length	0.973^**	-0.351
高程 Elevation	0.842^**	-0.401	0.868^**
周长/面积 Perimeter and area ratio	-0.732^**	0.683^*	-0.835^**	-0.745^**
形状指数 Shape index	0.707^*	-0.435	0.830^**	0.697^*	-0.852^**

	面积 Area	距大陆距离 Distance to the mainland	岸线长度 Coastline length	高程 Elevation	周长/面积比 Perimeter area ratio	形状指数 Shape index
相关性分析 Correlation analysis
物种总数 Total number of species	0.734^**	-0.206	0.771^**	0.647^*	-0.720^**	0.627^*
木本植物数 Number of woody plants	0.691^*	-0.258	0.757^**	0.755^**	-0.725^**	0.648^*
草本植物数 Number of herbage	0.658^*	-0.097	0.649^*	0.379	-0.581^*	0.484
偏相关分析 Partial correlation analysis
物种总数 Total number of species	-	0.72	-0.114	0.46	0.437	0.527
木本植物数 Number of woody plants	-	-0.258	-0.302	-0.156	0.341	0.433
草本植物数 Number of herbage	-	0.66	0.148	0.679	0.420	0.51

	宝珠屿 BZY	大离浦屿 DLPY	海沧大屿 HCDY	火烧屿 HSY	鸡屿 JY	土屿 TY	吾屿 WY	猴屿 HY	鳄鱼屿 EYY	乌鸦屿 WYY	大兔屿 DTY
白兔屿 BTY	0.31	0.16	0.42	0.30	0.27	0.09	0.08	0.33	0.65	0.34	0.78
宝珠屿 BZY		0.23	0.13	0.22	0.13	0.11	0.08	0.34	0.07	0.10	0.31
大离浦屿 DLPY			0.21	0.28	0.32	0.16	0.11	0.17	0.30	0.14	0.29
海沧大屿 HCDY				0.21	0.31	0.15	0.14	0.15	0.18	0.16	0.32
火烧屿 HSY					0.30	0.16	0.07	0.10	0.16	0.15	0.36
鸡屿 JY						0.22	0.08	0.13	0.32	0.18	0.52
土屿 TY							0.10	0.20	0.15	0.19	0.21
吾屿 WY								0.18	0.17	0.17	0.12
猴屿 HY									0.49	0.24	0.26
鳄鱼屿 EYY										0.29	0.54
乌鸦屿 WYY											0.37

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