生物多样性 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (11): 1212-1222.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018124

所属专题: 生物入侵

• 生物编目 • 上一篇    下一篇

厦门近岸海域无居民海岛植物区系和物种组成相似性

肖兰1, 张琳婷1,*(), 杨盛昌2, 郑志翰2, 姜德刚1   

  1. 1 自然资源部海岛研究中心, 福建平潭 350400
    2 厦门大学环境与生态学院, 福建厦门 361102
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-18 接受日期:2018-08-05 出版日期:2018-11-20 发布日期:2019-01-08
  • 通讯作者: 张琳婷
  • 作者简介:# 共同第一作者
  • 基金资助:
    国家海洋局海洋公益性行业科研项目(201505009-5)

Flora and species composition similarity of the uninhabited islands in the nearshore Xiamen

Lan Xiao1, Linting Zhang1,*(), Shengchang Yang2, Zhihan Zheng2, Degang Jiang1   

  1. 1 Island Research Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, P.R.C., Pingtan, Fujian 350400
    2 College of Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102;
  • Received:2018-04-18 Accepted:2018-08-05 Online:2018-11-20 Published:2019-01-08
  • Contact: Zhang Linting
  • About author:# Co-first authors

摘要:

为摸清厦门近岸无居民海岛的主要植物群落类型, 于2017年10月调查了12个无居民海岛的植物组成, 共记录到维管束植物360种, 其中乔木78种, 小乔木或灌木109种, 藤本23种, 草本150种; 包含外来入侵植物49种, 其中恶性入侵种10种。植物区系分析表明, 厦门周边12个无居民海岛植物主要由泛热带分布种及其变型组成, 以热带、亚热带成分占主导地位, 符合其亚热带地理分布特点。总体上, 维管束植物物种相似性较高, 物种丰富度受海岛面积的影响较大, 与海岛面积存在显著的对数和幂函数关系。此外, 岸线长度、高程、周长/面积比等空间参数也对海岛物种丰富度产生一定的影响。岛屿间维管束植物物种相似性受生境多样性和岛屿边缘效应的影响, 仅吾屿可能存在小岛屿效应。

关键词: 无居民海岛, 植物区系, 空间特征, 物种相似性, 入侵物种

Abstract

To find out the main plant community types of uninhabited islands in the nearshore Xiamen, in mid-to-late October 2017, we recorded 360 vascular plant species, including 78 trees, 109 small trees or shrubs, 23 vines and 150 herbs. We also found 49 invasive alien species, 10 of which have been identified as the most serious invasive. Compositional analysis showed that vegetation in these 12 uninhabited islands were of tropical and sub-tropical types. Consistent with the subtropical geography of these islands, vegetation mainly consisted of pan-tropical species and its variants. Generally, the islands had similar species composition. Herbaceous plants dominated the flora of these islands. Power and logarithm functions best described the species-area relationships of island vascular plants. Area had the largest effect on species richness of these islands followed by other spatial parameters such as the ratio of shoreline length, elevation, and perimeter area. Habitat diversity and island edge affected similarity of vascular plant species among different islands. Except for Wuyu Isle, we did not find evidence for small island effects in these surveys.

Key words: uninhabited islands, flora, spatial features, species similarity, invasive alien species