罗霄山脉种子植物区系及其南北分化特征

doi:10.17520/biods.2019262

生物多样性 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (7): 842-853. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019262

所属专题：罗霄山脉生物多样性专题

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罗霄山脉种子植物区系及其南北分化特征

赵万义¹, 刘忠成¹^,², 叶华谷¹, 王蕾²^,^*(), 陈功锡³, 刘克明⁴, 詹选怀⁵, 廖文波¹^,^*()

1 中山大学生命科学学院有害生物控制与资源利用国家重点实验室/广东省热带亚热带植物资源重点实验室, 广州 510275
2 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院, 北京 100048
3 吉首大学生物资源与环境科学学院植物资源保护与利用湖南省高校重点实验室, 湖南吉首 416000
4 湖南师范大学生命科学学院, 长沙 410081
5 中国科学院庐山植物园, 江西省植物迁地保护与利用重点实验室, 江西九江 332900

收稿日期:2019-08-20 接受日期:2020-02-20 出版日期:2020-07-20 发布日期:2020-09-29
通讯作者: 王蕾,廖文波
作者简介:lwang@cnu.edu.cn
^* E-mail: lsslwb@mail.sysu.edu.cn;
基金资助:
国家科技基础性工作专项(2013FY111500);中山大学2014-2019年度广东省高等学校教学质量和教学改革工程项目

Floristic characteristics and north-south differentiation of seed plants in the Luoxiao Mountains

Wanyi Zhao¹, Zhongcheng Liu¹^,², Huagu Ye¹, Lei Wang²^,^*(), Gongxi Chen³, Keming Liu⁴, Xuanhuai Zhan⁵, Wenbo Liao¹^,^*()

1 State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275
2 College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048
3 Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization, College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan 416000
4 College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081
5 Key Laboratory of Plant Ex-situ Conservation and Utilization, Jiangxi Province, Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang, Jiangxi 332900

Received:2019-08-20 Accepted:2020-02-20 Online:2020-07-20 Published:2020-09-29
Contact: Lei Wang,Wenbo Liao

1. 附录1 罗霄山脉种子植物名录.pdf(1744KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文基于野外调查和文献资料整理, 对罗霄山脉种子植物区系及其自北向南5条中型山脉之间的区系过渡性特征进行了系统分析。结果表明: (1)该区域内野生种子植物有179科1,107属4,314种; 区系表征科主要以亚热带山地为现代分布中心。科的区系组成为: 单型科25科, 寡种科61科, 单型属465属, 寡种属432属, 呈现出区系特征上的孑遗性, 也显示出本地区系成分与典型热带成分及典型温带成分间存在密切交流。(2)科的地理成分共分为10个类型, 以热带性成分占明显优势, 热带性科83科及温带性科40科分别占非世界性科总数的67.48%和32.52%; 属的地理成分包括15个分布区类型, 以温带成分占优势, 温带性属534属及热带性属484属分别占非世界性属总数的52.46%和47.54%。属分布区类型以泛热带分布、热带亚洲分布、北温带分布、东亚分布为主, 体现出本地区与古热带植物区系及温带第三纪植物区系的紧密联系。(3)罗霄山脉5条山脉间区系组成呈现出明显的南北分异特征, 自北向南热带属与温带属比值逐渐增大, 北段幕阜山脉温带性成分明显占优势, 与华中区系关联密切, 而南段万洋山脉、诸广山脉热带性属较占优势, 分布有丰富的华南区系成分。罗霄山脉地区是重要的区系交流通道, 历史时期的气候波动是本地区现代区系分布格局形成的主要原因。

关键词: 罗霄山脉, 种子植物区系, 分布区类型, 地理替代

Abstract

This paper studied the flora of seed plants in the Luoxiao Mountains and revealed the transitional characteristics of five moderate mountains flora from north to south. The results indicated that 4,314 wild seed plants belonging to 1,107 genera and 179 families are distributed in the Luoxiao Mountains. (1) The Luoxiao Mountains flora consists of 25 families and 465 genera which distribute only one species, 61 oligotypic families and 432 oligotypic genera, presenting the relict of flora and intimate exchange between local floristic components and typical tropical and temperate components. (2) The families geographical areal-types were classified into 10 types, included 83 tropical families and 40 temperate families, accounting for 67.48% and 32.52%, respectively of the non-widespread families. The genus areal-types were classified into 15 types, including 484 tropical genera and 534 temperate genera accounting for 52.46% and 47.54%, respectively of the non-widespread genera. The distribution patterns of genera are abundant with pantropic areal-type, tropical areal-type, North temperate areal-type, and East Asia areal-type, which reflect that the flora of the Luoxiao Mountains, the paleo-tropical flora and temperate tertiary flora are strongly interrelated. (3) The floristic compositions amongst five mountains in the Luoxiao Mountains have marked spatial heterogeneity from north to south, which the R/T value, i.e ratio of tropical genera to temperate genera, increases gradually. The Mufu Mountains experienced stronger temperate elements, which are related to Central China flora, while the Wanyang Mountains and the Zhuguang Mountains contain stronger tropical elements. Climate fluctuations may be the main reason for the formation of the modern floristic distribution pattern in the region.

Key words: the Luoxiao Mountains, flora of seed plants, areall-types, geographical substitute

赵万义, 刘忠成, 叶华谷, 王蕾, 陈功锡, 刘克明, 詹选怀, 廖文波 (2020) 罗霄山脉种子植物区系及其南北分化特征. 生物多样性, 28, 842-853. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019262.

Wanyi Zhao, Zhongcheng Liu, Huagu Ye, Lei Wang, Gongxi Chen, Keming Liu, Xuanhuai Zhan, Wenbo Liao (2020) Floristic characteristics and north-south differentiation of seed plants in the Luoxiao Mountains. Biodiversity Science, 28, 842-853. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019262.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2019262

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2020/V28/I7/842

图/表 6

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科的数量分级 Grade of families	科数 No. of families	占总科数百分比 Percentage of total families (%)	所含种数 No. of species	占总种数百分比 Percentage of total species (%)
大科(>100种) Families more than 100 species	8	4.47	1,452	33.66
较大科(51-100种) Families with 51-100 species	10	5.59	727	16.85
中等科(11-50种) Families with 11-50 species	75	41.90	1,833	42.49
寡种科(2-10种) Families with 2-10 species	61	34.08	277	6.42
单型科(仅分布1种) Families with 1 species	25	13.96	25	0.58

科的数量分级 Grade of families	科数 No. of families	占总科数百分比 Percentage of total families (%)	所含种数 No. of species	占总种数百分比 Percentage of total species (%)
大科(>100种) Families more than 100 species	8	4.47	1,452	33.66
较大科(51-100种) Families with 51-100 species	10	5.59	727	16.85
中等科(11-50种) Families with 11-50 species	75	41.90	1,833	42.49
寡种科(2-10种) Families with 2-10 species	61	34.08	277	6.42
单型科(仅分布1种) Families with 1 species	25	13.96	25	0.58

科 Family	属数 No. of genera	占中国比例 % of China	占世界比例 % of the world	种数 No. of species	占中国比例 % of China	占世界比例 % of the world
禾本科 Poaceae	109	48.02	15.36	276	15.57	2.51
菊科 Asteraceae	76	21.53	9.83	231	4.47	0.77
唇形科 Lamiaceae	46	47.92	21.24	206	19.49	2.87
蔷薇科 Rosaceae	25	54.35	19.85	187	27.78	7.42
豆科 Fabaceae	53	31.74	9.15	153	7.06	0.78
莎草科 Cyperaceae	19	57.58	17.46	151	17.92	2.80
兰科 Orchidaceae	54	31.58	10.15	137	7.20	0.48
樟科 Lauraceae	11	44.00	24.94	111	24.44	4.44
茜草科 Rubiaceae	28	27.18	13.46	100	4.56	0.76
毛茛科 Ranunculaceae	12	34.29	9.64	89	21.82	3.52
报春花科 Primulaceae	9	52.94	12.12	79	15.52	3.05
壳斗科 Fagaceae	6	85.71	24.75	73	85.71	8.11
杜鹃花科 Ericaceae	9	39.13	8.60	72	7.26	1.76
蓼科 Polygonaceae	7	58.33	28.81	68	14.00	5.91
荨麻科 Urticaceae	15	57.69	15.58	67	27.27	2.55
葡萄科 Vitaceae	7	77.78	39.74	62	46.67	7.75
伞形科 Apiaceae	26	26.26	9.90	61	5.91	1.63
冬青科 Aquifoliaceae	1	100.00	27.45	56	100.00	13.33
卫矛科 Celastraceae	6	40.00	18.68	48	6.38	3.43
夹竹桃科 Apocynaceae	15	17.24	11.11	47	4.10	0.92
锦葵科 Malvaceae	14	27.45	17.48	43	5.76	1.00
大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	11	19.64	17.00	43	5.07	0.64

科 Family	属数 No. of genera	占中国比例 % of China	占世界比例 % of the world	种数 No. of species	占中国比例 % of China	占世界比例 % of the world
禾本科 Poaceae	109	48.02	15.36	276	15.57	2.51
菊科 Asteraceae	76	21.53	9.83	231	4.47	0.77
唇形科 Lamiaceae	46	47.92	21.24	206	19.49	2.87
蔷薇科 Rosaceae	25	54.35	19.85	187	27.78	7.42
豆科 Fabaceae	53	31.74	9.15	153	7.06	0.78
莎草科 Cyperaceae	19	57.58	17.46	151	17.92	2.80
兰科 Orchidaceae	54	31.58	10.15	137	7.20	0.48
樟科 Lauraceae	11	44.00	24.94	111	24.44	4.44
茜草科 Rubiaceae	28	27.18	13.46	100	4.56	0.76
毛茛科 Ranunculaceae	12	34.29	9.64	89	21.82	3.52
报春花科 Primulaceae	9	52.94	12.12	79	15.52	3.05
壳斗科 Fagaceae	6	85.71	24.75	73	85.71	8.11
杜鹃花科 Ericaceae	9	39.13	8.60	72	7.26	1.76
蓼科 Polygonaceae	7	58.33	28.81	68	14.00	5.91
荨麻科 Urticaceae	15	57.69	15.58	67	27.27	2.55
葡萄科 Vitaceae	7	77.78	39.74	62	46.67	7.75
伞形科 Apiaceae	26	26.26	9.90	61	5.91	1.63
冬青科 Aquifoliaceae	1	100.00	27.45	56	100.00	13.33
卫矛科 Celastraceae	6	40.00	18.68	48	6.38	3.43
夹竹桃科 Apocynaceae	15	17.24	11.11	47	4.10	0.92
锦葵科 Malvaceae	14	27.45	17.48	43	5.76	1.00
大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	11	19.64	17.00	43	5.07	0.64

序号 No.	科 Family	属数 No. of genus (%)	种数 No. of species (%)	科的分布区类型 Areal-types of families
1	蔷薇科 Rosaceae	25 (27.78)	187 (7.42)	世界广布 Cosmopolitan
2	樟科 Lauraceae	11 (24.44)	111 (4.44)	泛热带分布 Pantropic
3	壳斗科 Fagaceae	6 (85.71)	73 (8.11)	北温带分布 North Temperate
4	杜鹃花科 Ericaceae	9 (7.26)	72 (1.76)	北温带分布 North Temperate
5	葡萄科 Vitaceae	7 (46.67)	62 (7.75)	泛热带分布 Pantropic
6	冬青科 Aquifoliaceae	1 (100.00)	56 (13.33)	东亚(热带、亚热带)和热带南美间断分布 Tropics & Subtropics East Asia & Tropical America Disjuncted
7	五列木科 Pentaphylacaceae	6 (50.00)	41 (11.71)	泛热带分布 Pantropic
8	绣球花科 Hydrangeaceae	9 (52.94)	39 (20.53)	北温带分布 North Temperate
9	山矾科 Symplocaceae	1 (100.00)	37 (18.50)	泛热带分布 Pantropic
10	山茶科 Theaceae	4 (44.44)	36 (14.40)	东亚(热带、亚热带)和热带南美间断分布 Tropics & Subtropics East Asia & Tropical America Disjuncted
11	菝葜科 Smilacaceae	1 (100.00)	33 (15.71)	泛热带分布 Pantropic
12	猕猴桃科 Actinidiaceae	2 (66.67)	31 (8.68)	东亚(热带、亚热带)和热带南美间断分布 Tropics & Subtropics East Asia & Tropical America Disjuncted
13	小檗科 Berberidaceae	7 (46.67)	28 (4.31)	北温带分布 North Temperate
14	清风藤科 Sabiaceae	2 (66.67)	27 (27.00)	东亚(热带、亚热带)和热带南美间断分布 Tropics & Subtropics East Asia & Tropical America Disjuncted
15	安息香科 Styracaceae	8 (72.73)	24 (15.00)	东亚(热带、亚热带)和热带南美间断分布 Tropics & Subtropics East Asia & Tropical America Disjuncted
16	木兰科 Magnoliaceae	7 (41.18)	22 (7.33)	东亚及北美间断分布 East Asia & North America Disjuncted
17	木通科 Lardizabalaceae	6 (85.71)	20 (50.00)	东亚(热带、亚热带)和热带南美间断分布 Tropics & Subtropics East Asia & Tropical America Disjuncted
18	山茱萸科 Cornaceae	2 (100.00)	18 (21.18)	北温带分布 North Temperate
19	金缕梅科 Hamamelidaceae	9 (33.33)	16 (15.09)	北温带分布 North Temperate
20	五味子科 Schisandraceae	3 (100.00)	15 (21.43)	东亚及北美间断分布 East Asia & North America Disjuncted
21	榆科 Ulmaceae	3 (37.50)	13 (37.14)	北温带分布 North Temperate
22	桦木科 Betulaceae	4 (66.67)	13 (6.50)	北温带分布 North Temperate
23	胡桃科 Juglandaceae	6 (66.67)	11 (15.49)	北温带分布 North Temperate
24	松科 Pinaceae	6 (54.55)	10 (4.44)	北温带分布 North Temperate
25	红豆杉科 Taxaceae	5 (83.33)	8 (28.57)	北温带分布 North Temperate

罗霄山脉种子植物区系及其南北分化特征

Floristic characteristics and north-south differentiation of seed plants in the Luoxiao Mountains

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属的分级 Grade of genera	裸子植物 Gymnospem	被子植物 Angiosperm	属合计 Total	占总属数百分比 % of total genera	所含种数 No. of species	占总种数百分比 % of total species
大属(>30种) Genus more than 30 species	-	12	12	1.08	523	12.12
较大属(16-30种) Genus with 16-30 species	-	31	31	2.80	645	14.95
中等属(6-15种) Genus with 6-15 species	-	167	167	15.09	1,450	33.61
少种属(2-5种) Genus with 2-5 species	6	426	432	39.02	1,231	28.54
含1种的属(1种) Genus with 1 species	15	450	465	42.01	465	10.78

分布区类型 Areal-type	科数 No. of family	占总科数百分比 % of total families	属数 No. of genus	占总属数百分比 % of total genera
1. 世界广布 Cosmopolitan	56	-	89	-
2. 泛热带分布 Pantropic	62	50.41	179	17.58
3. 东亚(热带、亚热带)和热带南美间断分布 Tropics & Subtropics East Asia & Tropical America Disjuncted	14	11.38	23	2.26
4. 旧世界热带分布 Old World Tropics	3	2.44	64	6.29
5. 热带亚洲至热带大洋洲分布 Tropics Asia to Tropics Australasia Oceania	2	1.63	68	6.68
6. 热带亚洲至热带非洲分布 Tropics Asia to Tropics Africa	0	0.00	23	2.26
7. 热带亚洲分布 Tropics Asia	2	1.63	127	12.48
热带成分小计 Tropical elements (2-7)	83	67.48	484	47.54
8. 北温带分布 North Temperate	24	19.51	159	15.62
9. 东亚及北美间断分布 East Asia & North America Disjuncted	9	7.32	78	7.66
10. 旧世界温带分布 Old World Temperate	0	0.00	72	7.07
11. 温带亚洲分布 Temperate Asia	0	0.00	14	1.38
12. 地中海区、西亚至中亚分布 Mediterranea, West to Central Asia	0	0.00	8	0.79
13. 中亚分布 Central Asia	0	0.00	2	0.20
14. 东亚分布 East Asia	5	4.07	148	14.54
15. 中国特有分布 Endemic to China	2	1.63	53	5.21
温带成分小计 Temperate elements (8-15)	40	32.52	534	52.46

区域 Area	科属种数量 No. of family/genera/species			世界广布属 Widespread genera	热带属 Tropical genera	温带属 Temperate genera	热带属/温带属 Tropical/temperate (R/T)
区域 Area	裸子植物 Gymnosperm	被子植物 Angiosperm	合计 Total	世界广布属 Widespread genera	热带属 Tropical genera	温带属 Temperate genera	热带属/温带属 Tropical/temperate (R/T)
罗霄山脉 Luoxiao Mountains	6/21/32	173/1,086/4,282	179/1,107/4,314	89	484	534	0.91
幕阜山脉 Mufu Mountains	4/12/18	160/890/2,747	164/902/2,765	84	343	475	0.72
九岭山脉 Jiuling Mountains	5/12/18	163/880/2,732	168/892/2,750	81	381	430	0.89
武功山脉 Wugong Mountains	4/13/17	158/825/2,490	162/838/2,507	73	366	399	0.92
万洋山脉 Wanyang Mountains	6/18/25	164/943/3,136	170/961/3,161	79	424	458	0.93
诸广山脉 Zhuguang Mountains	5/16/21	163/895/2,813	168/911/2,834	77	420	414	1.01

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