云南纳板河热带季节雨林20 ha动态监测样地的树种组成与群落分类

doi:10.17520/biods.2020138

生物多样性 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 10-20.DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020138

• 研究报告:植物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

云南纳板河热带季节雨林20 ha动态监测样地的树种组成与群落分类

施国杉¹^,², 刘峰³, 陈典³, 邓云¹^,²^,⁴, 林露湘¹^,⁴^,^*()

1.中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园热带森林生态学重点实验室, 云南勐腊 666303
2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
3.纳板河流域国家级自然保护区管理局, 云南景洪 666100
4.云南西双版纳森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 云南勐腊 666303

收稿日期:2020-04-03 接受日期:2020-05-12 出版日期:2021-01-20 发布日期:2020-09-01
通讯作者: 林露湘
作者简介:* Email: linluxa@xtbg.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0500202);国家自然科学基金云南省联合基金(U1902203)

Species composition and community classification of the 20-ha tropical seasonal rainforest dynamics monitoring plot in the Naban River, Yunnan

Guoshan Shi¹^,², Feng Liu³, Dian Chen³, Yun Deng¹^,²^,⁴, Luxiang Lin¹^,⁴^,^*()

1 CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
3 Administration Bureau of Naban River Watershed National Nature Reserve, Jinghong, Yunnan 666100
4 National Forest Ecosystem Research Station at Xishuangbanna, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303

Received:2020-04-03 Accepted:2020-05-12 Online:2021-01-20 Published:2020-09-01
Contact: Luxiang Lin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大型森林动态监测样地是研究物种共存、群落演替等生态学核心问题的重要平台。纳板河流域国家级自然保护区管理局与中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园合作, 于2016-2017年参照美国史密森热带森林科学中心的技术标准, 在纳板河流域国家级自然保护区内建立了一块热带季节雨林20 ha动态监测样地。本研究分析了该样地的树种组成特征, 并进行了群落数量分类。结果表明: 该样地中DBH ≥ 1 cm的木本植物个体共有59,498株, 分属63科197属296种; 个体数超过1,000株的常见物种有15个, 个体数小于20株的稀有物种有126个。科的区系分布型以热带成分为主, 占总科数的65.08%, 温带成分占17.46%。属的区系分布型以热带成分为主, 占总属数的88.32%, 温带成分占10.66%。该样地群落类型的形成主要受海拔和凹凸度这两个地形因子的影响, 500个20 m × 20 m的样方可以分为4个群丛, 分别为: (1)灰毛浆果楝 + 粗糠柴 - 假山萝 + 番龙眼群丛(Cipadessa baccifera + Mallotus philippensis - Harpullia cupanioides + Pometia pinnata Association); (2)长梗三宝木 + 腋球苎麻 - 顶果木 + 番龙眼群丛(Trigonostemon thyrsoideus + Boehmeria glomerulifera - Acrocarpus fraxinifolius + Pometia pinnata Association); (3)云南银柴 + 大果山香圆 - 湄公锥 + 普文楠群丛(Aporusa yunnanensis + Turpinia pomifera - Castanopsis mekongensis + Phoebe puwenensis Association); (4)歪叶榕 + 密花火筒树 - 毒药树 + 番龙眼群丛(Ficus cyrtophylla + Leea compactiflora - Sladenia celastrifolia + Pometia pinnata Association)。

关键词: 大型森林动态监测样地, 植物区系特征, 多元回归树, 群丛

Abstract:

Aims: The large forest dynamics monitoring plot is an important research platform for answering key questions in ecology, such as species coexistence and community succession. This study reported the tree species composition and community types of the 20-ha tropical seasonal rainforest dynamics monitoring plot in the Naban River, Yunnan, which will lay a foundation for the study on species coexistence mechanism for tropical seasonal rainforests, and provide scientific basis for the management and protection of tropical seasonal rainforests.
Methods: According to the protocol set forth by CTFS-ForestGEO, a 20-ha tropical seasonal rainforest dynamics monitoring plot was established by the Administration Bureau of the Naban River Watershed National Nature Reserve and the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences between 2016-2017. Here, we analyzed the species composition and classified community types for this large forest dynamics monitoring plot, where all free-standing woody plants with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 1 cm were tagged, measured, and identified to the species level.
Results: There were 59,498 individuals with DBH ≥ 1cm belonging to 296 species, 197 genera, and 63 families. There were 15 species designated as common with individuals numbering more than 1,000 and 126 rare species with fewer than 20 individuals in the plot. At the family level, tropical-associated families were dominant, accounting for 65.08% of the total family; temperate-associated families only accounted for 17.46% of the total family. At the genus level, the tropical-associated genera were dominant, accounting for 88.32% of the total genus; temperate genera only accounted for 10.66%. Elevation and convexity are the key topographical factors underlying the formation of community types in this plot. There were four distinct associations identified among 500 quadrates (20 m × 20 m) as follows: (1) Cipadessa baccifera + Mallotus philippensis - Harpullia cupanioides + Pometia pinnata Association; (2) Trigonostemon thyrsoideus + Boehmeria glomerulifera - Acrocarpus fraxinifolius + Pometia pinnata Association; (3) Aporusa yunnanensis + Turpinia pomifera - Castanopsis mekongensis + Phoebe puwenensis Association; (4) Ficus cyrtophylla + Leea compactiflora - Sladenia celastrifolia + Pometia pinnata Association.
Conclusions: The main vegetation type is tropical seasonal rainforest and the flora belongs to the type of tropical north edge in the 20-ha tropical seasonal rainforest dynamics monitoring plot in the Naban River, Yunnan. In the plot, there are four forest community types, on which the topography plays a key role.

Key words: large forest dynamics monitoring plot, floristic characteristics, multivariate regression trees, association

施国杉, 刘峰, 陈典, 邓云, 林露湘. 云南纳板河热带季节雨林20 ha动态监测样地的树种组成与群落分类[J]. 生物多样性, 2021, 29(1): 10-20.

Guoshan Shi, Feng Liu, Dian Chen, Yun Deng, Luxiang Lin. Species composition and community classification of the 20-ha tropical seasonal rainforest dynamics monitoring plot in the Naban River, Yunnan[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2021, 29(1): 10-20.

图/表 5

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排序 Rank	物种 Species	个体数 No. of individuals	相对多度 Relative abundance (%)	相对胸高断面积 Relative basal area (%)	重要值 Importance values (%)
1	番龙眼 Pometia pinnata	4,193	7.04	7.77	7.41
2	假山萝 Harpullia cupanioides	3,756	6.31	1.82	4.07
3	普文楠 Phoebe puwenensis	2,868	4.82	2.76	3.79
4	粗糠柴 Mallotus philippensis	2,718	4.57	1.66	3.12
5	肉实树 Sarcosperma laurinum	2,255	3.79	2.04	2.91
6	湄公锥 Castanopsis mekongensis	588	0.99	4.33	2.66
7	西南木荷 Schima wallichii	217	0.37	4.87	2.62
8	歪叶榕 Ficus cyrtophylla	1,823	3.06	1.85	2.46
9	腋球苎麻 Boehmeria glomerulifera	2,411	4.05	0.27	2.16
10	密花火筒树 Lee acompactiflora	2,399	4.03	0.15	2.09
11	泥柯 Lithocarpus fenestratus	1,041	1.75	2.14	1.94
12	大果山香圆 Turpinia pomifera	1,423	2.39	1.37	1.88
13	顶果木 Acrocarpus fraxinifolius	53	0.09	3.64	1.87
14	阔叶蒲桃 Syzygium megacarpum	1,585	2.66	1.02	1.84
15	千果榄仁 Terminalia myriocarpa	27	0.05	3.50	1.77
16	滇南新乌檀 Neonauclea tsaiana	574	0.96	2.53	1.75
17	白花羊蹄甲 Bauhinia acuminata	458	0.77	2.27	1.52
18	云南野独活 Miliusa tenuistipitata	1,665	2.80	0.16	1.48
19	望谟崖摩 Aglaia lawii	1,414	2.38	0.49	1.43
20	糙叶树 Aphananthe aspera	587	0.99	1.87	1.43
总计 Total		32,055	50.87	46.51	50.20

排序 Rank	物种 Species	个体数 No. of individuals	相对多度 Relative abundance (%)	相对胸高断面积 Relative basal area (%)	重要值 Importance values (%)
1	番龙眼 Pometia pinnata	4,193	7.04	7.77	7.41
2	假山萝 Harpullia cupanioides	3,756	6.31	1.82	4.07
3	普文楠 Phoebe puwenensis	2,868	4.82	2.76	3.79
4	粗糠柴 Mallotus philippensis	2,718	4.57	1.66	3.12
5	肉实树 Sarcosperma laurinum	2,255	3.79	2.04	2.91
6	湄公锥 Castanopsis mekongensis	588	0.99	4.33	2.66
7	西南木荷 Schima wallichii	217	0.37	4.87	2.62
8	歪叶榕 Ficus cyrtophylla	1,823	3.06	1.85	2.46
9	腋球苎麻 Boehmeria glomerulifera	2,411	4.05	0.27	2.16
10	密花火筒树 Lee acompactiflora	2,399	4.03	0.15	2.09
11	泥柯 Lithocarpus fenestratus	1,041	1.75	2.14	1.94
12	大果山香圆 Turpinia pomifera	1,423	2.39	1.37	1.88
13	顶果木 Acrocarpus fraxinifolius	53	0.09	3.64	1.87
14	阔叶蒲桃 Syzygium megacarpum	1,585	2.66	1.02	1.84
15	千果榄仁 Terminalia myriocarpa	27	0.05	3.50	1.77
16	滇南新乌檀 Neonauclea tsaiana	574	0.96	2.53	1.75
17	白花羊蹄甲 Bauhinia acuminata	458	0.77	2.27	1.52
18	云南野独活 Miliusa tenuistipitata	1,665	2.80	0.16	1.48
19	望谟崖摩 Aglaia lawii	1,414	2.38	0.49	1.43
20	糙叶树 Aphananthe aspera	587	0.99	1.87	1.43
总计 Total		32,055	50.87	46.51	50.20

分布区类型 Areal-types	科数 No. of family (%)	属数 No. of genus (%)
1 世界分布 Widespread	11 (17.46)	-
2 泛热带 Pantropic	31 (49.21)	44 (22.34)
3 东亚(热带、亚热带)及热带南美间断 East Asia (Tropical & Subtropical) & Tropical South America Disjuncted	5 (7.94)	14 (7.11)
4 旧世界热带 Old World Tropic	-	22 (11.17)
5 热带亚洲至大洋洲 Tropic Asia to Tropic Australasia	1 (1.59)	27 (13.71)
6 热带亚洲至热带非洲 Tropic Asia to Tropic Africa	2 (3.17)	8 (4.06)
7 热带亚洲 Tropic Asia (Indo-Malesia)	2 (3.17)	59 (29.95)
热带成分小计 Sub-total tropic elements (2-7)	41 (65.08)	174 (88.32)
8 北温带 North Temperate	8 (12.70)	11 (5.58)
9 东亚和南美间断 East Asia and North America Disjuncted	2 (3.17)	6 (3.05)
10 地中海, 西亚至中亚 Mediterranea, West Asia to Central Asia	1 (1.59)	1 (0.51)
11 东亚 East Asia	-	3 (1.52)
温带成分小计 Sub-total temperate elements (8-11)	11 (17.46)	21 (10.66)
12 未知 Unknown	-	2 (1.02)
总计 Total	63 (100.00)	197 (100.00)

分布区类型 Areal-types	科数 No. of family (%)	属数 No. of genus (%)
1 世界分布 Widespread	11 (17.46)	-
2 泛热带 Pantropic	31 (49.21)	44 (22.34)
3 东亚(热带、亚热带)及热带南美间断 East Asia (Tropical & Subtropical) & Tropical South America Disjuncted	5 (7.94)	14 (7.11)
4 旧世界热带 Old World Tropic	-	22 (11.17)
5 热带亚洲至大洋洲 Tropic Asia to Tropic Australasia	1 (1.59)	27 (13.71)
6 热带亚洲至热带非洲 Tropic Asia to Tropic Africa	2 (3.17)	8 (4.06)
7 热带亚洲 Tropic Asia (Indo-Malesia)	2 (3.17)	59 (29.95)
热带成分小计 Sub-total tropic elements (2-7)	41 (65.08)	174 (88.32)
8 北温带 North Temperate	8 (12.70)	11 (5.58)
9 东亚和南美间断 East Asia and North America Disjuncted	2 (3.17)	6 (3.05)
10 地中海, 西亚至中亚 Mediterranea, West Asia to Central Asia	1 (1.59)	1 (0.51)
11 东亚 East Asia	-	3 (1.52)
温带成分小计 Sub-total temperate elements (8-11)	11 (17.46)	21 (10.66)
12 未知 Unknown	-	2 (1.02)
总计 Total	63 (100.00)	197 (100.00)

云南纳板河热带季节雨林20 ha动态监测样地的树种组成与群落分类

Species composition and community classification of the 20-ha tropical seasonal rainforest dynamics monitoring plot in the Naban River, Yunnan

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