浙江百山祖25 ha亚热带森林动态监测样地群落组成与结构特征

doi:10.17520/biods.2023294

生物多样性 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 23294. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023294 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2023294

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

浙江百山祖25 ha亚热带森林动态监测样地群落组成与结构特征

刘啸林¹^,², 吴友贵³^,^*(), 张敏华¹^,²^,^*(), 陈小荣³, 朱志成³, 陈定云³, 董舒¹^,², 李步杭⁴, 丁炳扬⁵, 刘宇¹^,²

1.华东师范大学-阿尔伯塔大学生物多样性联合实验室, 华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院, 上海 200241
2.浙江天童森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 浙江宁波 315114
3.钱江源-百山祖国家公园庆元保护中心, 浙江庆元 323808
4.中山大学有害生物控制与资源利用国家重点实验室, 中山大学生命科学学院, 广州 510275
5.温州大学生命与环境科学学院, 浙江温州 325035

收稿日期:2023-08-15 接受日期:2024-01-14 出版日期:2024-02-20 发布日期:2024-03-01
通讯作者: *E-mail: qywyg@sina.com; mhzhang@des.ecnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
钱江源-百山祖国家公园百山祖管理局科研项目基金(2022JBGS04);钱江源-百山祖国家公园百山祖管理局科研项目基金(2023JBGS06)

Community composition and structure of a 25-ha forest dynamics plot of subtropical forest in Baishanzu, Zhejiang Province

Xiaolin Liu¹^,², Yougui Wu³^,^*(), Minhua Zhang¹^,²^,^*(), Xiaorong Chen³, Zhicheng Zhu³, Dingyun Chen³, Shu Dong¹^,², Buhang Li⁴, Bingyang Ding⁵, Yu Liu¹^,²

1 ECNU-UAlberta Joint Lab for Biodiversity Study, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241
2 Tiantong National Station for Forest Ecosystem Research, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315114
3 Qingyuan Conservation Center of Qianjiangyuan-Baishanzu National Park, Qingyuan, Zhejiang 323808
4 State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275
5 College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035

Received:2023-08-15 Accepted:2024-01-14 Online:2024-02-20 Published:2024-03-01
Contact: *E-mail: qywyg@sina.com; mhzhang@des.ecnu.edu.cn

1. 附录.pdf(1767KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

百山祖常绿林是亚热带中高海拔地区保存较好的森林类型, 群落结构复杂。本研究以百山祖25 ha亚热带森林动态监测样地(简称百山祖样地)为平台, 对样地内胸径(DBH) ≥ 1 cm的所有木本植物进行调查和统计, 分析了其物种组成、区系特征、径级结构和空间分布格局。结果表明: 样地内DBH ≥ 1 cm的木本植物独立个体有210,556株, 分属43科85属163种。热带分布的科(20个)多于温带分布的科(17个), 但在属水平上以温带性质为主(温带分布的属为47个, 热带分布的属为33个)。常绿树种有90种, 占总树种数的55.21%。样地内稀有种和偶见种分别占所有物种数的35.58%和25.77%。重要值 ≥ 1%的物种共有25个, 分别占样地总个体数和总胸高断面积的85.84%和91.18%。重要值最大的3个物种分别是鹿角杜鹃(Rhododendron latoucheae)、黄山松(Pinus taiwanensis)和杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)。样地内所有个体的平均胸径为5.26 cm, 整体径级分布呈倒“J”型, 小径级个体较多, 群落更新良好。样地内优势种在1-100 m尺度上呈聚集分布, 且不同优势种表现出不同的生境偏好。本文可为后续开展亚热带中高海拔地带常绿林群落构建及生物多样性维持机制的研究提供科学基础。

关键词: 百山祖自然保护区, 森林动态监测样地, 植物区系组成, 中高海拔常绿林, 群落结构

Abstract

Aim This study surveys the species composition, floristic characteristics, size-class distribution and spatial distribution of dominant species within the subtropical evergreen forest of Baishanzu, Zhejiang Province, characterized by a complex community structure at medium-high altitudes, in order to lay a scientific foundation for the study of community assembly and species coexistence mechanisms.

Method Employing Forest Global Earth Observatory (ForestGEO) and the China Forest Biodiversity Monitoring Network protocols, we expanded the original 5-ha plot to a 25-ha forest dynamics plot within the Fengyangshan- Baishanzu National Nature Reserve in Qingyuan County, Zhejiang Province between 2014 and 2016. Surveying all woody plants with a stem diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 1 cm, we meticulously analyzed species composition, floristic characteristics, DBH class distribution, and spatial distributional patterns within the plot.

Results The plot harbored a total of 210,556 individuals of woody plants with DBH ≥ 1 cm, representing 163 species, 85 genera, and 43 families. Notably, tropical floristic elements dominated at the family level (20 families) compared to families with temperate features (17 families). At the genus level, however, the floristic characteristics of the plant community were more temperate (47 genera of temperate floristic elements versus 33 genera of tropical floristic elements). Rare and occasional species contributed significantly to species richness (35.58% and 25.77%, respectively). Evergreen species constituted 55.21% of the total species richness, with 25 species having high importance values (IV) ≥ 0.01, accounting for the majority of abundance (85.84%) and basal area (91.18%). Dominant species with the highest IV included Rhododendron latoucheae, Pinus taiwanensis, and Cunninghamia lanceolata. The plot exhibited successful regeneration, as indicated by an inverted “J” shaped diameter class distribution with a greater number of individuals in the smaller DBH classes. All the dominant species exhibited aggregated spatial distribution across scales (1-100 m) and exhibited habitat preferences.

Conclusion The majority of species presented in the forest dynamics plot are temperate floristic elements and evergreen species, which are the characteristics of medium-high altitude evergreen forest in East China. The dominant species in the plot have significant association with habitat, which suggests that habitat filtering plays an important role in the distribution of woody plants in this area.

Key words: Baishanzu Nature Reserve, forest dynamics plot, floristic composition, medium-high altitude evergreen forest, community structure

刘啸林, 吴友贵, 张敏华, 陈小荣, 朱志成, 陈定云, 董舒, 李步杭, 丁炳扬, 刘宇 (2024) 浙江百山祖25 ha亚热带森林动态监测样地群落组成与结构特征. 生物多样性, 32, 23294. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023294.

Xiaolin Liu, Yougui Wu, Minhua Zhang, Xiaorong Chen, Zhicheng Zhu, Dingyun Chen, Shu Dong, Buhang Li, Bingyang Ding, Yu Liu (2024) Community composition and structure of a 25-ha forest dynamics plot of subtropical forest in Baishanzu, Zhejiang Province. Biodiversity Science, 32, 23294. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023294.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2023294

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2024/V32/I2/23294

图/表 8

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物种名 Species name	相对密度 Relative density	相对胸高断面积 Relative basal area	相对频度 Relative frequency	重要值 Importance value (%)
鹿角杜鹃 Rhododendron latoucheae	0.18	0.06	0.03	9.17
黄山松 Pinus taiwanensis	0.03	0.22	0.02	9.01
杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolata	0.04	0.14	0.01	6.38
木荷 Schima superba	0.04	0.11	0.03	5.78
微毛柃 Eurya hebeclados	0.11	0.03	0.03	5.49
尖连蕊茶 Camellia cuspidata	0.07	0.03	0.03	4.04
多脉青冈 Quercus multinervis	0.03	0.05	0.03	3.75
窄基红褐柃 Eurya rubiginosa var. attenuata	0.08	0.01	0.03	3.74
光叶水青冈 Fagus lucida	0.01	0.05	0.02	2.81
云锦杜鹃 Rhododendron fortunei	0.03	0.02	0.02	2.58
短尾柯 Lithocarpus brevicaudatus	0.01	0.04	0.02	2.34
石灰花楸 Sorbus folgneri	0.03	0.02	0.02	2.21
厚叶红淡比 Cleyera pachyphylla	0.03	0.01	0.02	2.09
翅柃 Eurya alata	0.04	0.00	0.02	2.01
硬壳柯 Lithocarpus hancei	0.01	0.04	0.02	1.94
褐叶青冈 Quercus stewardiana	0.01	0.02	0.02	1.77
交让木 Daphniphyllum macropodum	0.01	0.02	0.02	1.62
水丝梨 Sycopsis sinensis	0.02	0.01	0.01	1.56
香冬青 Ilex suaveolens	0.02	0.01	0.02	1.54
光亮山矾 Symplocos lucida	0.01	0.01	0.02	1.44
显脉冬青 Ilex editicostata	0.01	0.01	0.02	1.21
浙闽新木姜子 Neolitsea aurata var. undulatula	0.01	0.00	0.02	1.16
马银花 Rhododendron ovatum	0.02	0.00	0.01	1.07
中华石楠 Photinia beauverdiana	0.01	0.01	0.02	1.05
大萼杨桐 Adinandra glischroloma var. macrosepala	0.01	0.00	0.02	1.02
其他 Others	0.14	0.09	0.47	23.20
合计 Total	1	1	1	100

物种名 Species name	相对密度 Relative density	相对胸高断面积 Relative basal area	相对频度 Relative frequency	重要值 Importance value (%)
鹿角杜鹃 Rhododendron latoucheae	0.18	0.06	0.03	9.17
黄山松 Pinus taiwanensis	0.03	0.22	0.02	9.01
杉木 Cunninghamia lanceolata	0.04	0.14	0.01	6.38
木荷 Schima superba	0.04	0.11	0.03	5.78
微毛柃 Eurya hebeclados	0.11	0.03	0.03	5.49
尖连蕊茶 Camellia cuspidata	0.07	0.03	0.03	4.04
多脉青冈 Quercus multinervis	0.03	0.05	0.03	3.75
窄基红褐柃 Eurya rubiginosa var. attenuata	0.08	0.01	0.03	3.74
光叶水青冈 Fagus lucida	0.01	0.05	0.02	2.81
云锦杜鹃 Rhododendron fortunei	0.03	0.02	0.02	2.58
短尾柯 Lithocarpus brevicaudatus	0.01	0.04	0.02	2.34
石灰花楸 Sorbus folgneri	0.03	0.02	0.02	2.21
厚叶红淡比 Cleyera pachyphylla	0.03	0.01	0.02	2.09
翅柃 Eurya alata	0.04	0.00	0.02	2.01
硬壳柯 Lithocarpus hancei	0.01	0.04	0.02	1.94
褐叶青冈 Quercus stewardiana	0.01	0.02	0.02	1.77
交让木 Daphniphyllum macropodum	0.01	0.02	0.02	1.62
水丝梨 Sycopsis sinensis	0.02	0.01	0.01	1.56
香冬青 Ilex suaveolens	0.02	0.01	0.02	1.54
光亮山矾 Symplocos lucida	0.01	0.01	0.02	1.44
显脉冬青 Ilex editicostata	0.01	0.01	0.02	1.21
浙闽新木姜子 Neolitsea aurata var. undulatula	0.01	0.00	0.02	1.16
马银花 Rhododendron ovatum	0.02	0.00	0.01	1.07
中华石楠 Photinia beauverdiana	0.01	0.01	0.02	1.05
大萼杨桐 Adinandra glischroloma var. macrosepala	0.01	0.00	0.02	1.02
其他 Others	0.14	0.09	0.47	23.20
合计 Total	1	1	1	100

分布区类型 Distribution area types	科数 No. of families	属数 No. of genera	物种数 No. of species
1. 世界分布 Cosmopolitan	6	1	1
2. 泛热带分布 Pantropic	10	14	38
3. 热带亚洲和热带美洲间断分布 Tropical Asia and Tropical America disjuncted	5	5	12
4. 旧世界热带分布 Old World Tropical	1	2	2
5. 热带亚洲至热带大洋洲分布 Tropical Asia to Tropical Australasia	1	2	3
6. 热带亚洲至热带非洲分布 Tropical Asia to Tropical Africa	1	1	1
7. 热带亚洲分布 Tropical Asia	2	9	14
热带成分(分布型2-7) Tropical elements (2-7)	20	33	70
8. 北温带分布 North Temperate	12	17	49
9. 东亚和北美洲间断分布 East Asia and North America disjuncted	4	17	25
10. 旧世界温带 Old World Temperate	0	3	4
12. 地中海区、西亚至中亚分布 Mediterranean, West Asia to Central Asia	1	0	0
14. 东亚分布 East Asia	0	10	10
温带成分(分布型8-14) Temperate elements (8-14)	17	47	88
15. 中国特有分布 Endemic to China	0	4	4
总计 Total	43	85	163

分布区类型 Distribution area types	科数 No. of families	属数 No. of genera	物种数 No. of species
1. 世界分布 Cosmopolitan	6	1	1
2. 泛热带分布 Pantropic	10	14	38
3. 热带亚洲和热带美洲间断分布 Tropical Asia and Tropical America disjuncted	5	5	12
4. 旧世界热带分布 Old World Tropical	1	2	2
5. 热带亚洲至热带大洋洲分布 Tropical Asia to Tropical Australasia	1	2	3
6. 热带亚洲至热带非洲分布 Tropical Asia to Tropical Africa	1	1	1
7. 热带亚洲分布 Tropical Asia	2	9	14
热带成分(分布型2-7) Tropical elements (2-7)	20	33	70
8. 北温带分布 North Temperate	12	17	49
9. 东亚和北美洲间断分布 East Asia and North America disjuncted	4	17	25
10. 旧世界温带 Old World Temperate	0	3	4
12. 地中海区、西亚至中亚分布 Mediterranean, West Asia to Central Asia	1	0	0
14. 东亚分布 East Asia	0	10	10
温带成分(分布型8-14) Temperate elements (8-14)	17	47	88
15. 中国特有分布 Endemic to China	0	4	4
总计 Total	43	85	163

胸径 DBH (cm)	植株数 No. of stems	科数 No. of families	属数 No. of genera	物种数 No. of species
≥ 1.0	210,556	43	85	163
≥ 5.0	68,191	35	74	133
≥ 10.0	27,770	35	71	114
≥ 15.0	15,512	34	65	93
≥ 20.0	8,131	27	52	73
≥ 40.0	228	9	13	15

浙江百山祖25 ha亚热带森林动态监测样地群落组成与结构特征

Community composition and structure of a 25-ha forest dynamics plot of subtropical forest in Baishanzu, Zhejiang Province

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