中国近海重要生态建群红藻真江蓠的群体遗传多样性

doi:10.17520/biods.2016038

生物多样性 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (7): 781-790. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2016038

所属专题：全球气候变化下的海洋生物多样性专辑

中国近海重要生态建群红藻真江蓠的群体遗传多样性

刘若愚^1,², 孙忠民^1,³, 姚建亭^1,⁴, 胡自民^1,^4,,A;^*(), 段德麟^1,^4,,A;^*()

1 .中国科学院海洋研究所实验海洋生物学重点实验室, 山东青岛 266071
2 .中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
3 .中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生物分类与系统演化实验室, 山东青岛 266071
4 .青岛海洋科学与技术国家重点实验室, 山东青岛 266237

收稿日期:2016-02-03 接受日期:2016-06-07 出版日期:2016-07-20 发布日期:2016-08-04
通讯作者: 胡自民,段德麟
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31370264)

Genetic diversity of the habitat-forming red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla along Chinese coasts

Ruoyu Liu^1,², Zhongmin Sun^1,³, Jianting Yao^1,⁴, Zimin Hu^1,^4,^*(), Delin Duan^1,^4,^*()

1 Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
3 Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071
4 Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266237

Received:2016-02-03 Accepted:2016-06-07 Online:2016-07-20 Published:2016-08-04
Contact: Hu Zimin,Duan Delin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

真江蓠(Gracilaria vermiculophylla)是中国近海潮间带生态系统结构组成和功能维持的重要支撑物种, 但有关其群体遗传结构和多样性分布模式的研究目前仍较缺乏。本研究利用线粒体cox1序列对我国近海19个真江蓠地理群体进行了系统发育和群体遗传分析。461个长度为641 bp的cox1序列片段共含有21个多态位点, 产生15个单倍型。基于cox1序列的系统进化分析、单倍型分析和主成分分析显示, 19个真江蓠群体分化为南北两个类群, 其中浙江嵊泗以北的13个群体形成北方类群, 福建厦门以南的6个群体形成南方类群。遗传距离和分子方差分析显示真江蓠南北各类群内的遗传分化较小, 南北类群间的遗传分化达到亚种水平。南北类群间的差异是我国近海真江蓠群体遗传变异的主要来源。

关键词: Gracilaria vermiculophylla, 线粒体cox1, 系统发育, 遗传多样性, 群体遗传分化

Abstract

As a habitat-forming species, the red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla has been noted to play an essential role in shaping coastal marine communities and maintaining intertidal ecosystems along Chinese coasts. However, few studies have been conducted that analyze the genetic structure of the population and the distribution patterns of genetic variation. In this study, we compiled partial mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (cox1) of 19 G. vermiculophylla populations (461 individuals) and performed phylogenetic analysis and population genetic surveys. A total of 461 mt-DNA cox1 sequences were obtained and edited into 641 bp, which contained 21 polymorphic sites and yielded 15 haplotypes. Phylogenetic inferences, haplotype networking, and principal coordinate analysis consistently indicated that G. vermiculophylla populations diverged into two groups: the northern group is comprised of specimens from the Yellow-Bohai Sea and the Shengsi Islands, while the southern group is comprised of specimens from six locations south to Xiamen, Fujian Province. Analysis of the molecular variance and Nei’s genetic distances indicated low genetic differentiation between populations in each group while group-level genetic divergence is comparable to the degree of subspecies differentiation.

Key words: Gracilaria vermiculophylla, mitochondrial cox1, phylogenetics, genetic diversity, population genetic differentiation

刘若愚, 孙忠民, 姚建亭, 胡自民, 段德麟 (2016) 中国近海重要生态建群红藻真江蓠的群体遗传多样性. 生物多样性, 24, 781-790. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2016038.

Ruoyu Liu, Zhongmin Sun, Jianting Yao, Zimin Hu, Delin Duan (2016) Genetic diversity of the habitat-forming red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla along Chinese coasts. Biodiversity Science, 24, 781-790. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2016038.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2016038

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2016/V24/I7/781

图/表 7

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代号 Code	地理位置 Location	经纬度 Longitude/ Latitude	N	Np	Nh	Hn(n)	Hd	π (× 10^-2)	采样人 Collectors
南方群体 Region South
YT	北海银滩 Yingtang beach, Beihai	109.34 ºE, 21.45 ºN	24	7	4	H0(21), H2, H3, H4	0.239	0.143	刘若愚, 胡自民 Ruoyu Liu, Zimin Hu
JH	北海金海岸 Jinhaian, Beihai	109.11 ºE, 21.49 ºN	33	1	2	H0(32), H2	0.061	0.009	刘若愚, 胡自民 Ruoyu Liu, Zimin Hu
TC	湛江特呈岛 Techeng island, Zhanshan,	110.44 ºE, 21.15 ºN	30	0	1	H0(30)	0.000	0.000	孙忠民, 姚建亭 Zhongmin Sun, Jianting Yao
NA	汕头南澳岛 Nanao island, Shantou	117.04 ºE, 23.45 ºN	23	1	2	H0(19), H1(4)	0.300	0.047	孙忠民, 姚建亭 Zhongmin Sun, Jianting Yao
ZP	漳州漳浦六鳌 Zhangpu liuao, Zhanzhou,	117.77 ºE, 23.92 ºN	35	0	1	H0(35)	0.000	0.000	孙忠民, 黄超华 Zhongmin Sun, Chaohua Huang
XL	厦门杏林湾 Xingling bay, Xiamen	118.08 ºE, 24.60 ºN	5	1	2	H0(4), H1(1)	0.400	0.062	钟晨辉等 Chenhui Zhong et al
小计 Subtotal			150	8	5	H0(141), H1(5), H2(2), H3, H4	0.116	0.027
北方群体 Region North
SS	舟山嵊泗岛 Shengsi island, Zhoushan	122.44 ºE, 30.68 ºN	19	0	1	H6(19)	0.000	0.000	胡自民 Zimin Hu
YY	青岛一浴 No. 1 beach, Qingdao	120.34 ºE, 36.05 ºN	21	2	3	H5(19), H7, H10	0.186	0.030	刘若愚 Ruoyu Liu
EY	青岛二浴 No. 2 beach, Qingdao	120.34 ºE, 36.05 ºN	21	0	1	H5(21)	0.000	0.000	刘若愚 Ruoyu Liu
SY	青岛三浴 No. 3 beach	120.36 ºE, 36.05 ºN	39	0	1	H5(39)	0.000	0.000	刘若愚 Ruoyu Liu
YH	青岛银海国际 Yinhai, Qingdao	120.42 ºE, 36.06 ºN	36	2	3	H5(26), H8(9), H13	0.427	0.069	刘若愚 Ruoyu Liu
LR	青岛石老人 Shilaoren sea, Qingdao	120.49 ºE, 36.09 ºN	36	2	3	H5(32), H9(3), H12	0.208	0.033	刘若愚 Ruoyu Liu
SD	威海石岛 Stone island, Weihai	122.41 ºE, 36.91 ºN	13	0	1	H5(13)	0.000	0.000	李晶晶, 张杰 Jingjing Li, Jie Zhang
DC	威海东楮岛 Dongchu island, Weihai	122.56 ºE, 37.04 ºN	32	1	2	H5(16), H14(16)	0.516	0.081	刘若愚, 胡自民Ruoyu Liu, Zimin Hu
JM	威海鸡鸣岛 Jiming island, Weihai	122.48 ºE, 37.45 ºN	7	0	1	H5(7)	0.000	0.000	李晶晶, 张杰 Jingjing Li, Jie Zhang
CD	烟台长岛 Long island, Yantai	120.72 ºE, 37.94 ºN	16	0	1	H5(16)	0.000	0.000	胡自民 Zimin Hu
HN	大连黄泥川 Huangninchuan, Dalian	121.56 ºE, 38.82 ºN	35	1	2	H5(34), H11	0.057	0.009	刘若愚, 胡自民 Ruoyu Liu, Zimin Hu
HS	大连黑石礁 Heshijiao, Dalian	121.56 ºE, 38.87 ºN	8	0	1	H5(8)	0.000	0.000	刘若愚, 胡自民 Ruoyu Liu, Zimin Hu
ZZ	大连獐子岛 Zhangzi island, Dalian	122.74 ºE, 39.04 ºN	28	0	1	H5(28)	0.000	0.000	姚建亭, 孙忠民 Ruoyu Liu, Zimin Hu
小计 Subtotal			311	9	10	H5(259), H6(19), H7, H8(9), H9(3) H10, H11, H12, H13, H14(16)	0.300	0.050

代号 Code	地理位置 Location	经纬度 Longitude/ Latitude	N	Np	Nh	Hn(n)	Hd	π (× 10^-2)	采样人 Collectors
南方群体 Region South
YT	北海银滩 Yingtang beach, Beihai	109.34 ºE, 21.45 ºN	24	7	4	H0(21), H2, H3, H4	0.239	0.143	刘若愚, 胡自民 Ruoyu Liu, Zimin Hu
JH	北海金海岸 Jinhaian, Beihai	109.11 ºE, 21.49 ºN	33	1	2	H0(32), H2	0.061	0.009	刘若愚, 胡自民 Ruoyu Liu, Zimin Hu
TC	湛江特呈岛 Techeng island, Zhanshan,	110.44 ºE, 21.15 ºN	30	0	1	H0(30)	0.000	0.000	孙忠民, 姚建亭 Zhongmin Sun, Jianting Yao
NA	汕头南澳岛 Nanao island, Shantou	117.04 ºE, 23.45 ºN	23	1	2	H0(19), H1(4)	0.300	0.047	孙忠民, 姚建亭 Zhongmin Sun, Jianting Yao
ZP	漳州漳浦六鳌 Zhangpu liuao, Zhanzhou,	117.77 ºE, 23.92 ºN	35	0	1	H0(35)	0.000	0.000	孙忠民, 黄超华 Zhongmin Sun, Chaohua Huang
XL	厦门杏林湾 Xingling bay, Xiamen	118.08 ºE, 24.60 ºN	5	1	2	H0(4), H1(1)	0.400	0.062	钟晨辉等 Chenhui Zhong et al
小计 Subtotal			150	8	5	H0(141), H1(5), H2(2), H3, H4	0.116	0.027
北方群体 Region North
SS	舟山嵊泗岛 Shengsi island, Zhoushan	122.44 ºE, 30.68 ºN	19	0	1	H6(19)	0.000	0.000	胡自民 Zimin Hu
YY	青岛一浴 No. 1 beach, Qingdao	120.34 ºE, 36.05 ºN	21	2	3	H5(19), H7, H10	0.186	0.030	刘若愚 Ruoyu Liu
EY	青岛二浴 No. 2 beach, Qingdao	120.34 ºE, 36.05 ºN	21	0	1	H5(21)	0.000	0.000	刘若愚 Ruoyu Liu
SY	青岛三浴 No. 3 beach	120.36 ºE, 36.05 ºN	39	0	1	H5(39)	0.000	0.000	刘若愚 Ruoyu Liu
YH	青岛银海国际 Yinhai, Qingdao	120.42 ºE, 36.06 ºN	36	2	3	H5(26), H8(9), H13	0.427	0.069	刘若愚 Ruoyu Liu
LR	青岛石老人 Shilaoren sea, Qingdao	120.49 ºE, 36.09 ºN	36	2	3	H5(32), H9(3), H12	0.208	0.033	刘若愚 Ruoyu Liu
SD	威海石岛 Stone island, Weihai	122.41 ºE, 36.91 ºN	13	0	1	H5(13)	0.000	0.000	李晶晶, 张杰 Jingjing Li, Jie Zhang
DC	威海东楮岛 Dongchu island, Weihai	122.56 ºE, 37.04 ºN	32	1	2	H5(16), H14(16)	0.516	0.081	刘若愚, 胡自民Ruoyu Liu, Zimin Hu
JM	威海鸡鸣岛 Jiming island, Weihai	122.48 ºE, 37.45 ºN	7	0	1	H5(7)	0.000	0.000	李晶晶, 张杰 Jingjing Li, Jie Zhang
CD	烟台长岛 Long island, Yantai	120.72 ºE, 37.94 ºN	16	0	1	H5(16)	0.000	0.000	胡自民 Zimin Hu
HN	大连黄泥川 Huangninchuan, Dalian	121.56 ºE, 38.82 ºN	35	1	2	H5(34), H11	0.057	0.009	刘若愚, 胡自民 Ruoyu Liu, Zimin Hu
HS	大连黑石礁 Heshijiao, Dalian	121.56 ºE, 38.87 ºN	8	0	1	H5(8)	0.000	0.000	刘若愚, 胡自民 Ruoyu Liu, Zimin Hu
ZZ	大连獐子岛 Zhangzi island, Dalian	122.74 ºE, 39.04 ºN	28	0	1	H5(28)	0.000	0.000	姚建亭, 孙忠民 Ruoyu Liu, Zimin Hu
小计 Subtotal			311	9	10	H5(259), H6(19), H7, H8(9), H9(3) H10, H11, H12, H13, H14(16)	0.300	0.050

单倍型 Haplotype	单倍型数量 Number	核苷酸多态位点 Polymorphic sites																					GenBank accession number
单倍型 Haplotype	单倍型数量 Number	4	25	52	64	65	112	151	250	346	352	370	406	433	460	517	558	562	593	604	605	634	GenBank accession number
H0	141	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	G	T	T	T	A	G	G	C	T	G	G	G	A	KU136384
H1	5	T	A	A	A	C	G	A	A	G	T	T	T	A	G	G	C	T	G	G	G	A	KF789527
H2	2	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	G	T	T	T	A	G	G	C	T	G	G	G	G	KU136385
H3	1	T	G	T	A	C	T	T	A	G	T	T	T	A	G	G	C	T	T	G	A	A	KU136387
H4	1	A	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	G	T	T	T	A	G	G	C	T	G	G	G	A	KU136386
H5	259	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	C	T	T	T	A	G	A	C	C	G	T	G	A	KU136374
H6	19	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	C	G	T	T	A	G	A	C	C	G	T	G	A	KU136375
H7	16	T	G	A	G	C	G	A	A	C	T	T	T	A	G	A	C	C	G	T	G	A	KU136383
H8	9	T	G	A	A	T	G	A	A	C	T	T	T	A	G	A	C	C	G	T	G	A	KU136377
H9	3	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	C	T	A	T	A	G	A	C	C	G	T	G	A	KU136378
H10	1	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	C	T	T	C	A	G	A	C	C	G	T	G	A	KU136379
H11	1	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	C	T	T	T	A	G	A	A	C	G	T	G	A	KU136380
H12	1	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	C	T	T	T	A	A	A	C	C	G	T	G	A	KU136381
H13	1	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	T	C	T	T	T	A	G	A	C	C	G	T	G	A	KU136382
H14	1	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	C	T	T	T	T	G	A	C	C	G	T	G	A	KU136376

单倍型 Haplotype	单倍型数量 Number	核苷酸多态位点 Polymorphic sites																					GenBank accession number
单倍型 Haplotype	单倍型数量 Number	4	25	52	64	65	112	151	250	346	352	370	406	433	460	517	558	562	593	604	605	634	GenBank accession number
H0	141	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	G	T	T	T	A	G	G	C	T	G	G	G	A	KU136384
H1	5	T	A	A	A	C	G	A	A	G	T	T	T	A	G	G	C	T	G	G	G	A	KF789527
H2	2	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	G	T	T	T	A	G	G	C	T	G	G	G	G	KU136385
H3	1	T	G	T	A	C	T	T	A	G	T	T	T	A	G	G	C	T	T	G	A	A	KU136387
H4	1	A	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	G	T	T	T	A	G	G	C	T	G	G	G	A	KU136386
H5	259	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	C	T	T	T	A	G	A	C	C	G	T	G	A	KU136374
H6	19	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	C	G	T	T	A	G	A	C	C	G	T	G	A	KU136375
H7	16	T	G	A	G	C	G	A	A	C	T	T	T	A	G	A	C	C	G	T	G	A	KU136383
H8	9	T	G	A	A	T	G	A	A	C	T	T	T	A	G	A	C	C	G	T	G	A	KU136377
H9	3	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	C	T	A	T	A	G	A	C	C	G	T	G	A	KU136378
H10	1	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	C	T	T	C	A	G	A	C	C	G	T	G	A	KU136379
H11	1	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	C	T	T	T	A	G	A	A	C	G	T	G	A	KU136380
H12	1	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	C	T	T	T	A	A	A	C	C	G	T	G	A	KU136381
H13	1	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	T	C	T	T	T	A	G	A	C	C	G	T	G	A	KU136382
H14	1	T	G	A	A	C	G	A	A	C	T	T	T	T	G	A	C	C	G	T	G	A	KU136376

	YT	JH	TC	NA	ZP	XL	SS	YY	EY	SY	YH	LR	SD	DC	JM	CD	HN	HS	ZZ
YT	0.000
JH	0.000	0.000
TC	0.000	0.000	0.000
NA	0.002	0.001	0.001	0.000
ZP	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.001	0.000
XL	0.003	0.002	0.002	0.000	0.002	0.000
SS	0.277	0.272	0.272	0.276	0.272	0.277	0.000
YY	0.217	0.213	0.213	0.216	0.213	0.217	0.049	0.000
EY	0.215	0.212	0.211	0.215	0.211	0.215	0.049	0.000	0.000
SY	0.215	0.212	0.211	0.215	0.211	0.215	0.049	0.000	0.000	0.000
YH	0.222	0.218	0.217	0.221	0.217	0.222	0.052	0.003	0.003	0.003	0.000
LR	0.217	0.213	0.213	0.216	0.213	0.217	0.049	0.001	0.000	0.000	0.003	0.000
SD	0.215	0.212	0.211	0.215	0.211	0.215	0.049	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.003	0.000	0.000
DC	0.233	0.230	0.229	0.233	0.229	0.234	0.062	0.012	0.012	0.012	0.015	0.013	0.012	0.000
JM	0.215	0.212	0.211	0.215	0.211	0.215	0.049	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.003	0.000	0.000	0.012	0.000
CD	0.215	0.212	0.211	0.215	0.211	0.215	0.049	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.003	0.000	0.000	0.012	0.000	0.000
HN	0.216	0.212	0.212	0.215	0.212	0.216	0.049	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.003	0.000	0.000	0.012	0.000	0.000	0.000
HS	0.215	0.212	0.211	0.215	0.211	0.215	0.049	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.003	0.000	0.000	0.012	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
ZZ	0.215	0.212	0.211	0.215	0.211	0.215	0.049	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.003	0.000	0.000	0.012	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000

中国近海重要生态建群红藻真江蓠的群体遗传多样性

Genetic diversity of the habitat-forming red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla along Chinese coasts

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变异来源 Source of variation	自由度 df	平方和 Sums of squares	变异组分 Estimated variance	变异百分比 % of variation	分化系数 F-statistics	基因流 Nm
一个类群 One group
群体间 Among populations	18	434.049	24.114	93
群体内 Within populations	442	34.103	0.077	7	F_ST= 0.928^*	0.039
两个类群(南方群体, 北方群体) Two groups (Regions: South, North)
类群间Among regions	1	405.675	405.675	93	F_CT= 0.933^*	0.019
类群内群体间Among populations	17	28.374	1.669	3	F_SC= 0.465^*
群体内 Within populations	442	34.103	0.077	4	F_ST= 0.964^*

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