生物多样性 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (12): 23392. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023392
商晓凡1(), 张健1,*(
)(
), 高浩杰2, 库伟鹏3, 毕玉科4, 李修鹏5, 阎恩荣1(
)
收稿日期:
2023-10-18
接受日期:
2023-12-14
出版日期:
2023-12-20
发布日期:
2023-12-16
通讯作者:
E-mail: 基金资助:
Xiaofan Shang1(), Jian Zhang1,*(
)(
), Haojie Gao2, Weipeng Ku3, Yuke Bi4, Xiupeng Li5, Enrong Yan1(
)
Received:
2023-10-18
Accepted:
2023-12-14
Online:
2023-12-20
Published:
2023-12-16
Contact:
E-mail: 摘要:
岛屿因具有明确的地理边界, 是检验多个生态学过程如何构建生物多样性的理想平台之一。岛屿属性、气候因素、人类干扰等通过影响物种选择、扩散等过程, 进而影响着岛屿生物多样性格局。目前对于岛屿植物丰富度格局如何受这些因素的共同作用的认识仍不充分, 尤其是在人类干扰较强的海岛。本文基于我国第一大群岛舟山群岛92个岛屿较完整的种子植物分布数据, 采用一般线性回归和广义线性模型(伪泊松分布)定量评估岛屿属性(面积、隔离度、形状指数)、气候(温度、降水及其季节性)和人类干扰对本土植物总丰富度及不同生长型、叶物候型植物丰富度格局的影响, 采用beta回归分析常绿阔叶木本比率(常绿阔叶木本植物丰富度/所有阔叶木本植物丰富度)的影响因素。结果发现: 92个岛屿共记录本土植物1,158种, 其中乔木108种、灌木318种、草本732种; 岛屿面积是对植物总丰富度影响最大的因子, 其次是年降水量和隔离度; 乔木丰富度随隔离度增加而减少的趋势比灌木和草本更明显; 常绿阔叶和落叶阔叶木本植物丰富度格局与总体基本一致, 年降水量对常绿阔叶木本的影响大于落叶阔叶木本, 但常绿阔叶木本比率仅受温度季节性的强烈影响。岛屿面积、年降水量、温度季节性等是塑造舟山群岛所有植物及其不同功能型组(生长型、叶物候型)植物丰富度格局的主要决定因素。
商晓凡, 张健, 高浩杰, 库伟鹏, 毕玉科, 李修鹏, 阎恩荣 (2023) 岛屿面积与气候共同影响舟山群岛种子植物丰富度格局. 生物多样性, 31, 23392. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023392.
Xiaofan Shang, Jian Zhang, Haojie Gao, Weipeng Ku, Yuke Bi, Xiupeng Li, Enrong Yan (2023) Island area and climate jointly impact seed plant richness patterns across the Zhoushan Archipelago. Biodiversity Science, 31, 23392. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023392.
图1 舟山群岛92个岛屿种子植物丰富度(a)和人类影响指数(b)的空间分布
Fig. 1 Spatial distributions of all seed plant richness (a) and human influence index (b) of 92 islands in the Zhoushan Archipelago
图2 舟山群岛92个岛屿木本植物丰富度的空间分布格局。(a)常绿阔叶木本; (b)落叶阔叶木本; (c)常绿阔叶木本占总阔叶木本植物的比率。
Fig. 2 Spatial distributions of woody plant richness in 92 islands of the Zhoushan Archipelago. (a) Evergreen broad-leaved woody plants; (b) Deciduous broad-leaved woody plants; (c) The ratio of evergreen broad-leaved woody plant richness to all broad-leaved woody plant richness.
图3 植物丰富度与环境因子的相关性。(a)面积(Area); (b)距大陆距离(DM); (c)岛屿形状指数(SI); (d)人类影响指数(HI); (e)年均温(MAT); (f)年降水量(MAP); (g)温度季节性(TS); (h)降水季节性(PS)。
Fig. 3 Correlations between all seed plant richness and environmental drivers. (a) Area; (b) The distance to mainland (DM); (c) Shape index (SI); (d) Human influence index (HI); (e) Mean annual air temperature (MAT); (f) Mean annual precipitation (MAP); (g) Temperature seasonality (TS); and (h) Precipitation seasonality (PS).
图4 岛屿属性、气候与人类影响对本土植物丰富度的影响。(a)所有种子植物; (b)乔木; (c)灌木; (d)草本。直线代表95%置信区间; 虚线左侧为负相关, 右侧为正相关; 三角形代表标准化参数的估计值显著, 点则不显著。岛屿属性、气候、人类影响、变量间的交互变量分别用绿色、蓝色、紫色和红色表示。变量缩写同图3。纵轴上交互项之间用冒号表示。
Fig. 4 Effects of island physical characteristics, climate and human influence on native seed plant richness. (a) All seed plants; (b) Trees; (c) Shrubs; and (d) Herbs. The straight line represents the 95% confidence interval. The left side of the vertical dashed line indicates for negative correlations, while the right for positive correlations. The triangles indicate statistically significant estimates of standardized coefficients, and the dot points show the non-significant ones. Island characteristics, climate, human influence and their interactions are represented in green, blue, purple and red, respectively. Variable abbreviations are the same in Fig. 3. Interaction variables are separated by colons.
图5 岛屿属性、气候与人类影响对木本植物丰富度的影响。(a)常绿阔叶木本; (b)落叶阔叶木本; (c)常绿阔叶木本占总阔叶木本植物的比率。直线代表95%置信区间; 虚线左侧为负相关, 右侧为正相关; 三角形代表标准化参数的估计值显著, 点则不显著。岛屿属性、气候、人类影响、变量间的交互变量分别用绿色、蓝色、紫色和红色表示。变量缩写同图3。纵轴上交互项之间用冒号表示。
Fig. 5 Effects of island physical characteristics, climate and human influence on woody plant richness. (a) Evergreen broad-leaved woody plants; (b) Deciduous broad-leaved woody plants; and (c) The ratio of evergreen broad-leaved woody plant richness to all broad-leaved woody plant richness. The straight line represents the 95% confidence interval. The left side of the vertical dashed line indicates negative correlations, while the right for positive correlations. The triangles indicate statistically significant estimates of standardized coefficients, and the dot points show the non-significant ones. Island characteristics, climate, human influence and their interactions are represented in green, blue, purple and red, respectively. Variable abbreviations are the same in Fig. 3. Interaction variables are separated by colons.
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