中国南方喀斯特荔波世界自然遗产地翼手目物种多样性与保护现状

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.13148

生物多样性 ›› 2014, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (3): 385-391. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.13148

中国南方喀斯特荔波世界自然遗产地翼手目物种多样性与保护现状

杨天友^1,², 侯秀发², 王应祥³, 周江^2,,A;^*()

1 .铜仁学院生物与化学工程系, 贵州铜仁 554300
2 .贵州师范大学生命科学学院, 贵阳 550001
3 .中国科学院昆明动物研究所, 昆明 650223

收稿日期:2013-11-25 接受日期:2014-05-08 出版日期:2014-05-20 发布日期:2014-06-04
通讯作者: 周江
基金资助:
联合国教科文组织与梅赛德斯—奔驰中国世界遗产地保护管理项目;贵州师范大学山海基金项目;贵州省自然科学基金(黔科合字[2012]2286号)和贵州省教育厅创新人才团队项目(黔教合人才团队字[2012]08号)

Bat species diversity and conservation in Libo World Natural Heritage Site of South China Karst

Tianyou Yang^1,², Xiufa Hou², Yingxiang Wang³, Jiang Zhou^2,^*()

1. Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300
2. School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001
3. Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223

Received:2013-11-25 Accepted:2014-05-08 Online:2014-05-20 Published:2014-06-04
Contact: Zhou Jiang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解荔波世界自然遗产地翼手目动物的物种多样性和生存现状, 作者于2010年10月至2011年10月, 对中国南方喀斯特荔波世界自然遗产地区域内6个镇(乡)69个洞穴的翼手目动物进行了考察, 发现60个洞穴有翼手目动物栖息痕迹, 其中可以确定具体栖息物种的洞穴有37个。本次调查观察记录到翼手目动物10万余只, 隶属5科15种, 结合文献记载及贵州师范大学动物标本室保存的翼手目动物标本, 确认该地区共有翼手目动物7科24种。11种翼手目动物在荔波世界自然遗产地为首次记录, 其中狭耳鼠耳蝠(Myotis blythii)、果树蹄蝠(Hipposideros pomona)2种为贵州省翼手目新记录。该地区一些洞穴已被开发为旅游景点, 严重影响了洞穴内翼手目动物的生存, 翼手目动物保护状况令人担忧, 建议对翼手目动物栖息的洞穴采取必要的保护措施。

关键词: 翼手类, 多样性, 荔波, 世界自然遗产地, 中国南方喀斯特

Abstract

During field surveys between October, 2010 and October, 2011, we investigated bat species diversity in 69 caves in 6 townships in the Libo World Natural Heritage Site located in the South China Karst region. We also investigated bat specimens from the zoological museum of the School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, and reviewed pertinent literature as well. We uncovered 7 families encompassing 24 bat species in the area, including 2 new records of species for Guizhou Province, i.e., Myotis blythii and Hipposideros pomona, and 11 species first documented in Libo. Unfortunately, many caves have been exploited for tourism, thereby posing a great threat to the survival of cave-dwelling bats. We propose some special strategies that could be taken to protect the bats roosting in these caves.

Key words: Chiroptera, species diversity, Libo, World Natural Heritage Site, South China Karst

杨天友, 侯秀发, 王应祥, 周江 (2014) 中国南方喀斯特荔波世界自然遗产地翼手目物种多样性与保护现状. 生物多样性, 22, 385-391. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.13148.

Tianyou Yang, Xiufa Hou, Yingxiang Wang, Jiang Zhou (2014) Bat species diversity and conservation in Libo World Natural Heritage Site of South China Karst. Biodiversity Science, 22, 385-391. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.13148.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.13148

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2014/V22/I3/385

图/表 2

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科别 Family	种名 Species	观察数量Number observed	标本采集 Specimen captured	标本记录^* Specimen examined	文献记录 Literature record	分布洞穴^*** Cave distributed	分布型 Distribution pattern	濒危等级^** Endangered category
狐蝠科 Pteropodidae	棕果蝠 Rousettus leschenaultii	-		√	√	-	Wb	LC
假吸血蝠科 Megadermatidae	印度假吸血蝠 Megaderma lyra	43	√		√	6, 31	Wc	VU
菊头蝠科 Rhinolophidae	菲菊头蝠 Rhinolophus pusillus	3	√	√	√	12	Sc	NT
	皮氏菊头蝠 R. pearsonii	5		√	√	18, 19	Wd	LC
	中华菊头蝠 R. sinicus	25	√			14, 21, 24, 27, 28	Wd	NT
	托氏菊头蝠 R. thomasi	5	√			12	Wb	VU
	云南菊头蝠 R. yunanensis	19	√			8, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22, 32	Hc	EN
	贵州菊头蝠 R. rex	-			√	-	Ya	EN
蹄蝠科 Hipposideridae	大蹄蝠 Hipposideros armiger	456	√		√	3, 5, 9, 10, 12, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 36, 37	Wd	LC
	中蹄蝠 H. larvatus	1,054	√			1, 2, 23, 30, 34, 35	Wb	VU
	果树蹄蝠 H. pomona	52	√			11, 33	Wc	NT
	普氏蹄蝠 H. pratti	-			√	-	Wd	NT
	三叶蹄蝠 Aselliscus stoliczkanus	219	√	√		1, 2, 7, 15, 19	Sc	NT
蝙蝠科Vespertilionidae	南蝠 Ia io	1	√			2	Si	NT
	西南鼠耳蝠 Myotis altarium	-			√	-	Si	NT
	狭耳鼠耳蝠 M. blythii	25	√			13, 30	Ow	VU
	中华鼠耳蝠 M. chinensis	3	√		√	2, 26	Sc	VU
	华南水鼠耳蝠 M. laniger	5	√			34, 36	Sc	LC
	普通伏翼 Pipistrellus pipistrellus	-			√	-	Ow	LC
	印度伏翼 P. coromandra	-			√	-	Wc	NT
	东亚伏翼 P. abramus	1	√			-	Ea	LC
	水普管鼻蝠 Murina shuipuensis	-			√	-	Ya	-
	艾氏管鼻蝠 M. eleryi	-			√	-	Ya	-
犬吻蝠科Molossidae	皱唇蝠 Chaerephon plicata	>10万	√			4	Wc	VU

科别 Family	种名 Species	观察数量Number observed	标本采集 Specimen captured	标本记录^* Specimen examined	文献记录 Literature record	分布洞穴^*** Cave distributed	分布型 Distribution pattern	濒危等级^** Endangered category
狐蝠科 Pteropodidae	棕果蝠 Rousettus leschenaultii	-		√	√	-	Wb	LC
假吸血蝠科 Megadermatidae	印度假吸血蝠 Megaderma lyra	43	√		√	6, 31	Wc	VU
菊头蝠科 Rhinolophidae	菲菊头蝠 Rhinolophus pusillus	3	√	√	√	12	Sc	NT
	皮氏菊头蝠 R. pearsonii	5		√	√	18, 19	Wd	LC
	中华菊头蝠 R. sinicus	25	√			14, 21, 24, 27, 28	Wd	NT
	托氏菊头蝠 R. thomasi	5	√			12	Wb	VU
	云南菊头蝠 R. yunanensis	19	√			8, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22, 32	Hc	EN
	贵州菊头蝠 R. rex	-			√	-	Ya	EN
蹄蝠科 Hipposideridae	大蹄蝠 Hipposideros armiger	456	√		√	3, 5, 9, 10, 12, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 36, 37	Wd	LC
	中蹄蝠 H. larvatus	1,054	√			1, 2, 23, 30, 34, 35	Wb	VU
	果树蹄蝠 H. pomona	52	√			11, 33	Wc	NT
	普氏蹄蝠 H. pratti	-			√	-	Wd	NT
	三叶蹄蝠 Aselliscus stoliczkanus	219	√	√		1, 2, 7, 15, 19	Sc	NT
蝙蝠科Vespertilionidae	南蝠 Ia io	1	√			2	Si	NT
	西南鼠耳蝠 Myotis altarium	-			√	-	Si	NT
	狭耳鼠耳蝠 M. blythii	25	√			13, 30	Ow	VU
	中华鼠耳蝠 M. chinensis	3	√		√	2, 26	Sc	VU
	华南水鼠耳蝠 M. laniger	5	√			34, 36	Sc	LC
	普通伏翼 Pipistrellus pipistrellus	-			√	-	Ow	LC
	印度伏翼 P. coromandra	-			√	-	Wc	NT
	东亚伏翼 P. abramus	1	√			-	Ea	LC
	水普管鼻蝠 Murina shuipuensis	-			√	-	Ya	-
	艾氏管鼻蝠 M. eleryi	-			√	-	Ya	-
犬吻蝠科Molossidae	皱唇蝠 Chaerephon plicata	>10万	√			4	Wc	VU

中国南方喀斯特荔波世界自然遗产地翼手目物种多样性与保护现状

Bat species diversity and conservation in Libo World Natural Heritage Site of South China Karst

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