
生物多样性 ›› 2014, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (3): 385-391. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.13148 cstr: 32101.14.SP.J.1003.2014.13148
杨天友1,2, 侯秀发2, 王应祥3, 周江2,,A;*(
)
收稿日期:2013-11-25
接受日期:2014-05-08
出版日期:2014-05-20
发布日期:2014-06-04
通讯作者:
周江
基金资助:
Tianyou Yang1,2, Xiufa Hou2, Yingxiang Wang3, Jiang Zhou2,*(
)
Received:2013-11-25
Accepted:2014-05-08
Online:2014-05-20
Published:2014-06-04
Contact:
Zhou Jiang
摘要:
为了解荔波世界自然遗产地翼手目动物的物种多样性和生存现状, 作者于2010年10月至2011年10月, 对中国南方喀斯特荔波世界自然遗产地区域内6个镇(乡)69个洞穴的翼手目动物进行了考察, 发现60个洞穴有翼手目动物栖息痕迹, 其中可以确定具体栖息物种的洞穴有37个。本次调查观察记录到翼手目动物10万余只, 隶属5科15种, 结合文献记载及贵州师范大学动物标本室保存的翼手目动物标本, 确认该地区共有翼手目动物7科24种。11种翼手目动物在荔波世界自然遗产地为首次记录, 其中狭耳鼠耳蝠(Myotis blythii)、果树蹄蝠(Hipposideros pomona)2种为贵州省翼手目新记录。该地区一些洞穴已被开发为旅游景点, 严重影响了洞穴内翼手目动物的生存, 翼手目动物保护状况令人担忧, 建议对翼手目动物栖息的洞穴采取必要的保护措施。
杨天友, 侯秀发, 王应祥, 周江 (2014) 中国南方喀斯特荔波世界自然遗产地翼手目物种多样性与保护现状. 生物多样性, 22, 385-391. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.13148.
Tianyou Yang, Xiufa Hou, Yingxiang Wang, Jiang Zhou (2014) Bat species diversity and conservation in Libo World Natural Heritage Site of South China Karst. Biodiversity Science, 22, 385-391. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.13148.
| 科别 Family | 种名 Species | 观察数量Number observed | 标本采集 Specimen captured | 标本记录* Specimen examined | 文献记录 Literature record | 分布洞穴*** Cave distributed | 分布型 Distribution pattern | 濒危等级** Endangered category |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 狐蝠科 Pteropodidae | 棕果蝠 Rousettus leschenaultii | - | √ | √ | - | Wb | LC | |
| 假吸血蝠科 Megadermatidae | 印度假吸血蝠 Megaderma lyra | 43 | √ | √ | 6, 31 | Wc | VU | |
| 菊头蝠科 Rhinolophidae | 菲菊头蝠 Rhinolophus pusillus | 3 | √ | √ | √ | 12 | Sc | NT |
| 皮氏菊头蝠 R. pearsonii | 5 | √ | √ | 18, 19 | Wd | LC | ||
| 中华菊头蝠 R. sinicus | 25 | √ | 14, 21, 24, 27, 28 | Wd | NT | |||
| 托氏菊头蝠 R. thomasi | 5 | √ | 12 | Wb | VU | |||
| 云南菊头蝠 R. yunanensis | 19 | √ | 8, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22, 32 | Hc | EN | |||
| 贵州菊头蝠 R. rex | - | √ | - | Ya | EN | |||
| 蹄蝠科 Hipposideridae | 大蹄蝠 Hipposideros armiger | 456 | √ | √ | 3, 5, 9, 10, 12, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 36, 37 | Wd | LC | |
| 中蹄蝠 H. larvatus | 1,054 | √ | 1, 2, 23, 30, 34, 35 | Wb | VU | |||
| 果树蹄蝠 H. pomona | 52 | √ | 11, 33 | Wc | NT | |||
| 普氏蹄蝠 H. pratti | - | √ | - | Wd | NT | |||
| 三叶蹄蝠 Aselliscus stoliczkanus | 219 | √ | √ | 1, 2, 7, 15, 19 | Sc | NT | ||
| 蝙蝠科Vespertilionidae | 南蝠 Ia io | 1 | √ | 2 | Si | NT | ||
| 西南鼠耳蝠 Myotis altarium | - | √ | - | Si | NT | |||
| 狭耳鼠耳蝠 M. blythii | 25 | √ | 13, 30 | Ow | VU | |||
| 中华鼠耳蝠 M. chinensis | 3 | √ | √ | 2, 26 | Sc | VU | ||
| 华南水鼠耳蝠 M. laniger | 5 | √ | 34, 36 | Sc | LC | |||
| 普通伏翼 Pipistrellus pipistrellus | - | √ | - | Ow | LC | |||
| 印度伏翼 P. coromandra | - | √ | - | Wc | NT | |||
| 东亚伏翼 P. abramus | 1 | √ | - | Ea | LC | |||
| 水普管鼻蝠 Murina shuipuensis | - | √ | - | Ya | - | |||
| 艾氏管鼻蝠 M. eleryi | - | √ | - | Ya | - | |||
| 犬吻蝠科Molossidae | 皱唇蝠 Chaerephon plicata | >10万 | √ | 4 | Wc | VU |
表1 中国南方喀斯特荔波世界自然遗产地翼手目名录
Table 1 The checklist of bat species occurred in Libo World Natural Heritage Site of South China Karst
| 科别 Family | 种名 Species | 观察数量Number observed | 标本采集 Specimen captured | 标本记录* Specimen examined | 文献记录 Literature record | 分布洞穴*** Cave distributed | 分布型 Distribution pattern | 濒危等级** Endangered category |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 狐蝠科 Pteropodidae | 棕果蝠 Rousettus leschenaultii | - | √ | √ | - | Wb | LC | |
| 假吸血蝠科 Megadermatidae | 印度假吸血蝠 Megaderma lyra | 43 | √ | √ | 6, 31 | Wc | VU | |
| 菊头蝠科 Rhinolophidae | 菲菊头蝠 Rhinolophus pusillus | 3 | √ | √ | √ | 12 | Sc | NT |
| 皮氏菊头蝠 R. pearsonii | 5 | √ | √ | 18, 19 | Wd | LC | ||
| 中华菊头蝠 R. sinicus | 25 | √ | 14, 21, 24, 27, 28 | Wd | NT | |||
| 托氏菊头蝠 R. thomasi | 5 | √ | 12 | Wb | VU | |||
| 云南菊头蝠 R. yunanensis | 19 | √ | 8, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22, 32 | Hc | EN | |||
| 贵州菊头蝠 R. rex | - | √ | - | Ya | EN | |||
| 蹄蝠科 Hipposideridae | 大蹄蝠 Hipposideros armiger | 456 | √ | √ | 3, 5, 9, 10, 12, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 36, 37 | Wd | LC | |
| 中蹄蝠 H. larvatus | 1,054 | √ | 1, 2, 23, 30, 34, 35 | Wb | VU | |||
| 果树蹄蝠 H. pomona | 52 | √ | 11, 33 | Wc | NT | |||
| 普氏蹄蝠 H. pratti | - | √ | - | Wd | NT | |||
| 三叶蹄蝠 Aselliscus stoliczkanus | 219 | √ | √ | 1, 2, 7, 15, 19 | Sc | NT | ||
| 蝙蝠科Vespertilionidae | 南蝠 Ia io | 1 | √ | 2 | Si | NT | ||
| 西南鼠耳蝠 Myotis altarium | - | √ | - | Si | NT | |||
| 狭耳鼠耳蝠 M. blythii | 25 | √ | 13, 30 | Ow | VU | |||
| 中华鼠耳蝠 M. chinensis | 3 | √ | √ | 2, 26 | Sc | VU | ||
| 华南水鼠耳蝠 M. laniger | 5 | √ | 34, 36 | Sc | LC | |||
| 普通伏翼 Pipistrellus pipistrellus | - | √ | - | Ow | LC | |||
| 印度伏翼 P. coromandra | - | √ | - | Wc | NT | |||
| 东亚伏翼 P. abramus | 1 | √ | - | Ea | LC | |||
| 水普管鼻蝠 Murina shuipuensis | - | √ | - | Ya | - | |||
| 艾氏管鼻蝠 M. eleryi | - | √ | - | Ya | - | |||
| 犬吻蝠科Molossidae | 皱唇蝠 Chaerephon plicata | >10万 | √ | 4 | Wc | VU |
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