中国东部陆架边缘海网采浮游植物种类组成和季节变化

doi:10.17520/biods.2014103

生物多样性 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 23-32. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014103

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

中国东部陆架边缘海网采浮游植物种类组成和季节变化

周茜茜¹^,³, 陈长平¹, 梁君荣¹, 高亚辉¹^,²^,^*()

1 厦门大学生命科学学院滨海湿地生态系统教育部重点实验室, 福建厦门 361102
2 厦门大学近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室, 福建厦门 361102
3 国家海洋局第三海洋研究所, 福建厦门 361005

收稿日期:2014-05-28 接受日期:2014-09-16 出版日期:2015-01-20 发布日期:2015-05-04
通讯作者: 高亚辉
作者简介:E-mail: Gaoyh@xmu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41276128);国家自然科学基金(41476116);国家重点研究基础发展计划973项目(2010CB428704)

Species composition and seasonal variation of netz-phytoplankton in the eastern marginal China seas

Qianqian Zhou¹^,³, Changping Chen¹, Junrong Liang¹, Yahui Gao¹^,²^,^*()

1 School of Life Sciences, and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102
2 State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102
3 Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, Fujian 361005

Received:2014-05-28 Accepted:2014-09-16 Online:2015-01-20 Published:2015-05-04
Contact: Yahui Gao

1. 附表1和附图1-3.pdf(347KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示中国东部陆架边缘海浮游植物群落季节变化规律, 根据2006年6-7月、2007年1-2月、2007年11月和2009年4-5月在中国东部陆架边缘海域(25.00°-39.00° N, 118.00°-129.00° E)进行的综合采样调查, 对调查海域网采浮游植物(网孔直径77 μm)的物种多样性和分布特征进行了研究。4个航次共鉴定出浮游植物4门70属257种(不包括未定名种), 其中硅藻是主要功能群, 其次是甲藻, 主要的优势种为骨条藻(Skeletonema spp.)、细弱海链藻(Thalassiosira subtilis)、囊状海链藻(T. scrotiformis)、伏氏海线藻(Thalassionema frauenfeldii)、菱形海线藻(T. nitzschioides)、具槽帕拉藻(Paralia sulcata)、洛氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros lorenzianus)、旋链角毛藻(C. curvisetus)、尖刺伪菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschia pungens)和夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans)。浮游植物细胞丰度为0.02×10 ⁴-31,350.21×10 ⁴cells/m ³, 最低值出现在冬季黄海海域, 最高值出现在春季长江口邻近海域。4个季节的浮游植物细胞密度呈现春季>夏季>秋季>冬季的趋势, 浮游植物各生物多样性指数的等值线均呈现西北-东南走向。

关键词: 浮游植物, 细胞密度, 多样性, 中国东部陆架边缘海

Abstract

The abundance and seasonal variation of phytoplankton were studied in the eastern marginal China seas (25.00°-39.00° N, 118.00°-129.00° E). Based on surveys in June and July 2006, January and February 2007, November 2007 and April and May 2009, we analyzed the species composition, community structure, and cell density of netz-phytoplankton (mesh size 77 μm). A total of 257 phytoplankton species were identified, belonging to 70 genera and 4 classes. Bacillariolhyta was the dominant functional group, followed by Pyrrophyta. The dominant species were Skeletonema spp., Thalassiosira subtilis, T. scrotiformis, Thalassionema frauenfeldii, T. nitzschioides, Paralia sulcata, Chaetoceros lorenzianus, C. curvisetus, Pseudo-nitzschia pungens and Noctiluca scintillans. The cell density of the phytoplankton ranged from 0.02×10 ⁴ cells/m ³ in the Yellow Sea in winter to 31,350.21×10 ⁴ cells/m ³ in the Yangtze River in spring. Overall phytoplankton cell density showed the following seasonal trend: spring > summer > autumn > winter.

Key words: phytoplankton, cell density, diversity, eastern marginal China seas

周茜茜, 陈长平, 梁君荣, 高亚辉 (2015) 中国东部陆架边缘海网采浮游植物种类组成和季节变化. 生物多样性, 23, 23-32. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014103.

Qianqian Zhou, Changping Chen, Junrong Liang, Yahui Gao (2015) Species composition and seasonal variation of netz-phytoplankton in the eastern marginal China seas. Biodiversity Science, 23, 23-32. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014103.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2014103

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2015/V23/I1/23

图/表 5

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优势种 Dominant species	丰度比例 %	出现频率 Frequency (fi)	优势度 Dominance (Y)
囊状海链藻 Thalassiosira scrotiformis	67.32	0.13	0.09
具槽帕拉藻 Paralia sulcata	44.56	0.67	0.30
尖刺伪菱形藻 Pseudo-nitzschia pungens	40.09	0.75	0.30
洛氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros lorenzianus	28.13	0.58	0.16
菱形海线藻 Thalassionema nitzschioides	4.56	0.89	0.04
旋链角毛藻 Chaetoceros curvisetus	3.24	0.23	0.01
伏氏海线藻 Thalassionema frauenfeldii	3.09	0.20	0.01
细弱海链藻 Thalassiosira subtilis	2.04	0.34	0.01
骨条藻 Skeletonema spp.^①	1.86	0.30	0.01
夜光藻 Noctiluca scintillans	23.52	0.31	0.07

优势种 Dominant species	丰度比例 %	出现频率 Frequency (fi)	优势度 Dominance (Y)
囊状海链藻 Thalassiosira scrotiformis	67.32	0.13	0.09
具槽帕拉藻 Paralia sulcata	44.56	0.67	0.30
尖刺伪菱形藻 Pseudo-nitzschia pungens	40.09	0.75	0.30
洛氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros lorenzianus	28.13	0.58	0.16
菱形海线藻 Thalassionema nitzschioides	4.56	0.89	0.04
旋链角毛藻 Chaetoceros curvisetus	3.24	0.23	0.01
伏氏海线藻 Thalassionema frauenfeldii	3.09	0.20	0.01
细弱海链藻 Thalassiosira subtilis	2.04	0.34	0.01
骨条藻 Skeletonema spp.^①	1.86	0.30	0.01
夜光藻 Noctiluca scintillans	23.52	0.31	0.07

采样时间Sampling time	调查范围 Sampling location	物种数 Species number	种类组成 Species composition	优势种 Dominant species	平均丰度 Average abundance (×10⁶cells/m³)	参考文献 Reference
1958-1959	28.00°-41.00° N, 117.67°-124.50° E	205	硅藻187种, 甲藻38种, 绿藻2种, 黄藻、金藻和蓝藻各1种	骨条藻 Skeletonema spp. 菱形海线藻 Thalassionema nitzschioides 窄隙角毛藻 Chaetoceros affinis 扁面角毛藻 C. compressus 聚生角毛藻 C. socialis 双突角毛藻 C. didymus	11.20	全国海洋综合调查报告, 1977^①
1977. 10-11	30.08°-34.00° N, 124.08°-129.00° E	259	硅藻157种, 甲藻102种	角毛藻 Chaetoceros spp. 热带顾氏藻 Gossleriella tropica	-	俞建銮等, 1983; 毛兴华和李瑞香, 1984
1989. 4-5	29.00°-34.00° N, 126.00°-129.01° E	256	硅藻138种, 甲藻118种	窄隙角毛藻 Chaetoceros affinis 洛氏角毛藻 C. lorenzianus 短刺角毛藻 C. messanensis 扁面角毛藻 C. compressus 拟旋链角毛藻 C. pseudocurvisetus 菱形海线藻 Thalassionema nitzschioides	-	李瑞香和俞建銮, 1992; 俞建銮和李瑞香, 1992
1996. 5	18.00°-26.00° N, 120.00°-130.00° E	184	硅藻93种, 甲藻84种, 蓝藻5种, 金藻1种, 黄藻1种	骨条藻 Skeletonema spp. 掌状冠盖藻 Stephanopyxis palmeriana 洛氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros lorenzianus 短刺角毛藻 C. messanensis	0.02	杨清良等, 1999
1997. 7	23.50°-33.00° N, 122.50°-130.50° E	473	硅藻216种, 甲藻246种, 蓝藻5种, 金藻4种, 绿藻2种	洛氏角毛藻 C. lorenzianus 翼鼻状藻 Probosica alata 菱形海线藻 Thalassionema nitzschioides 扁面角毛藻 Chaetoceros compressus 尖刺伪菱形藻 Pseudo-nitzschia pungens 距端假管藻 Pseudosolenia calcar-avis 拟旋链角毛藻 Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus	-	孙军等, 2000; 刘东艳等, 2000; Sun et al., 2000
1997-2000	23.50°-33.00° N, 118.50°-128.00° E	187	硅藻150种, 甲藻44种, 蓝藻5种	细弱海链藻 Thalassiosira subtilis 拟旋链角毛藻 Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus 并基角毛藻 C. decipiens 洛氏角毛藻 C. lorenzianus 翼鼻状藻纤细变型 Proboscia alata f. gracillima 骨条藻 Skeletonema spp. 菱形海线藻 Thalassionema nitzschioides 掌状冠盖藻 Stephanopyxis palmeriana 中华齿状藻 Odontella sinensis 圆筛藻 Coscinodiscus spp.	0.69	王云龙等, 2005
2006. 11-12	24.00°-32.00° N, 120.00°-127.00° E	145	硅藻114种, 甲藻24种, 金藻6种, 蓝藻1种	菱形海线藻 Thalassionema nitzschioides 圆海链藻 Thalassiosira rotula 丹麦细柱藻 Leptocylindrus danicus 斯氏几内亚藻 Guinardia striata 尖刺伪菱形藻 Pseudo-nitzschia pungens 铁氏束毛藻 Trichodesmium thiebaytii	4.92	王丹等, 2008
2006-2009	25.00°-39.00° N, 118.00°-129.00° E	257	硅藻199种, 甲藻74种, 金藻1种, 蓝藻2种	尖刺伪菱形藻 Pseudo-nitzschia pungens 洛氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros lorenzianus 旋链角毛藻 C. curvisetus 菱形海线藻 Thalassionema nitzschioides 伏氏海线藻 T. frauenfeldii 具槽帕拉藻 Paralia sulcata 细弱海链藻 Thalassiosira subtilis 囊状海链藻 T. scrotiformis 骨条藻 Skeletonema spp. 夜光藻 Noctiluca scintillans	3.00	本研究 This study

采样时间Sampling time	调查范围 Sampling location	物种数 Species number	种类组成 Species composition	优势种 Dominant species	平均丰度 Average abundance (×10⁶cells/m³)	参考文献 Reference
1958-1959	28.00°-41.00° N, 117.67°-124.50° E	205	硅藻187种, 甲藻38种, 绿藻2种, 黄藻、金藻和蓝藻各1种	骨条藻 Skeletonema spp. 菱形海线藻 Thalassionema nitzschioides 窄隙角毛藻 Chaetoceros affinis 扁面角毛藻 C. compressus 聚生角毛藻 C. socialis 双突角毛藻 C. didymus	11.20	全国海洋综合调查报告, 1977^①
1977. 10-11	30.08°-34.00° N, 124.08°-129.00° E	259	硅藻157种, 甲藻102种	角毛藻 Chaetoceros spp. 热带顾氏藻 Gossleriella tropica	-	俞建銮等, 1983; 毛兴华和李瑞香, 1984
1989. 4-5	29.00°-34.00° N, 126.00°-129.01° E	256	硅藻138种, 甲藻118种	窄隙角毛藻 Chaetoceros affinis 洛氏角毛藻 C. lorenzianus 短刺角毛藻 C. messanensis 扁面角毛藻 C. compressus 拟旋链角毛藻 C. pseudocurvisetus 菱形海线藻 Thalassionema nitzschioides	-	李瑞香和俞建銮, 1992; 俞建銮和李瑞香, 1992
1996. 5	18.00°-26.00° N, 120.00°-130.00° E	184	硅藻93种, 甲藻84种, 蓝藻5种, 金藻1种, 黄藻1种	骨条藻 Skeletonema spp. 掌状冠盖藻 Stephanopyxis palmeriana 洛氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros lorenzianus 短刺角毛藻 C. messanensis	0.02	杨清良等, 1999
1997. 7	23.50°-33.00° N, 122.50°-130.50° E	473	硅藻216种, 甲藻246种, 蓝藻5种, 金藻4种, 绿藻2种	洛氏角毛藻 C. lorenzianus 翼鼻状藻 Probosica alata 菱形海线藻 Thalassionema nitzschioides 扁面角毛藻 Chaetoceros compressus 尖刺伪菱形藻 Pseudo-nitzschia pungens 距端假管藻 Pseudosolenia calcar-avis 拟旋链角毛藻 Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus	-	孙军等, 2000; 刘东艳等, 2000; Sun et al., 2000
1997-2000	23.50°-33.00° N, 118.50°-128.00° E	187	硅藻150种, 甲藻44种, 蓝藻5种	细弱海链藻 Thalassiosira subtilis 拟旋链角毛藻 Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus 并基角毛藻 C. decipiens 洛氏角毛藻 C. lorenzianus 翼鼻状藻纤细变型 Proboscia alata f. gracillima 骨条藻 Skeletonema spp. 菱形海线藻 Thalassionema nitzschioides 掌状冠盖藻 Stephanopyxis palmeriana 中华齿状藻 Odontella sinensis 圆筛藻 Coscinodiscus spp.	0.69	王云龙等, 2005
2006. 11-12	24.00°-32.00° N, 120.00°-127.00° E	145	硅藻114种, 甲藻24种, 金藻6种, 蓝藻1种	菱形海线藻 Thalassionema nitzschioides 圆海链藻 Thalassiosira rotula 丹麦细柱藻 Leptocylindrus danicus 斯氏几内亚藻 Guinardia striata 尖刺伪菱形藻 Pseudo-nitzschia pungens 铁氏束毛藻 Trichodesmium thiebaytii	4.92	王丹等, 2008
2006-2009	25.00°-39.00° N, 118.00°-129.00° E	257	硅藻199种, 甲藻74种, 金藻1种, 蓝藻2种	尖刺伪菱形藻 Pseudo-nitzschia pungens 洛氏角毛藻 Chaetoceros lorenzianus 旋链角毛藻 C. curvisetus 菱形海线藻 Thalassionema nitzschioides 伏氏海线藻 T. frauenfeldii 具槽帕拉藻 Paralia sulcata 细弱海链藻 Thalassiosira subtilis 囊状海链藻 T. scrotiformis 骨条藻 Skeletonema spp. 夜光藻 Noctiluca scintillans	3.00	本研究 This study

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中国东部陆架边缘海网采浮游植物种类组成和季节变化

Species composition and seasonal variation of netz-phytoplankton in the eastern marginal China seas

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