昆虫旅馆在独栖蜂多样性保护中的现状与挑战

doi:10.17520/biods.2024472

生物多样性 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 24472. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024472 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2024472

所属专题：昆蒙框架目标12下的中国城市生物多样性研究专辑

昆虫旅馆在独栖蜂多样性保护中的现状与挑战

周昊¹^,²(), 王茗毅¹^,³, 张楚格¹^,⁴^,⁵, 肖治术¹^,²^,^*()(), 欧阳芳¹^,^*()()

1.中国科学院动物研究所动物多样性保护与有害动物防控全国重点实验室, 北京 100101
2.中国科学院大学生命科学学院, 北京 100049
3.河北大学生命科学学院, 河北保定 071002
4.福建农林大学安溪茶学院, 福建泉州 362406
5.福建农林大学植物保护学院农林生物安全全国重点实验室, 福州 350002

收稿日期:2024-10-28 接受日期:2025-02-18 出版日期:2025-05-20 发布日期:2025-06-23
通讯作者: 肖治术,欧阳芳
基金资助:
2024年推进北京园林绿化高质量发展科技创新专项(KJCXLM202409);北京市自然科学基金(5232018);国家林业和草原局-中国科学院国家公园研究院研究专项(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-2022-001)

The status and challenges of insect hotels in the conservation of urban solitary bees and wasps diversity

Hao Zhou¹^,²(), Mingyi Wang¹^,³, Chuge Zhang¹^,⁴^,⁵, Zhishu Xiao¹^,²^,^*()(), Fang Ouyang¹^,^*()()

1. State Key Laboratory of Animal Biodiversity Conservation and Integrated Pest Management, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
2. College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
4. Anxi College of Tea Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362406, China
5. State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China

Received:2024-10-28 Accepted:2025-02-18 Online:2025-05-20 Published:2025-06-23
Contact: Zhishu Xiao, Fang Ouyang
Supported by:
2024 Special Project for Advancing High-Quality Development of Beijing Landscape Architecture through Technological Innovation(KJCXLM202409);Beijing Natural Science Foundation(5232018);Special Program for the Institute of National Parks, National Forestry and Grassland Administration-Chinese Academy of Sciences(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-2022-001)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着全球气候变化和人类活动的加剧, 生态系统正面临前所未有的压力, 生物多样性受到严重威胁。在此背景下, 政府和公众对如何有效遏制全球生物多样性下降的关注日益增加。近年来, 昆虫旅馆(insect hotel)作为一种创新型生物多样性保护手段, 在城市公园管理中引起了广泛关注, 并逐步得到应用和推广。昆虫旅馆的设计初衷是为城市环境中的昆虫, 特别是独栖蜂, 提供繁殖、栖息、越夏或过冬的场所, 从而有助于维护其物种多样性和种群的稳定。然而, 关于昆虫旅馆在城市昆虫多样性保护中的实际效果及其面临的挑战, 目前仍缺乏系统的研究。为深入探讨昆虫旅馆对城市独栖蜂多样性保护的效果及存在的问题, 本文首先对全球范围内昆虫旅馆的研究现状进行了梳理, 包括研究数量、地理分布、受保护物种种类以及筑巢巢管的材料类型与规格大小等方面; 进一步总结了昆虫旅馆在城市环境独栖蜂多样性保护中的积极作用(传粉、控害和科普教育)和限制因素(独栖蜂入住率低、外来入侵物种、天敌病原物危害增加等), 并提出了具体的改进方案, 旨在为推动城市生物多样性的可持续发展提供科学依据和支持。

关键词: 昆虫旅馆, 巢管, 城市昆虫, 独栖蜂, 多样性保护

Abstract

Aims: Global biodiversity is under serious threat due to the intensification of climate change and human activities in the ecosystems. As a result, governments and the public are increasingly focused on implementing measures to mitigate biodiversity loss. In recent years, insect hotels have emerged as an innovative approach to biodiversity conservation in urban park management, attracting significant attention and being gradually adopted. The primary purpose of insect hotels is to provide breeding, nesting, and overwintering sites for insects—particularly solitary bees—in urban environments. By doing so, insect hotels contribute to maintaining species diversity and population stability. However, a comprehensive understanding regarding of the effectiveness and challenges of insect hotels in conserving urban insect diversity is still lacking.

Progresses: To address this, we review the global research status of insect hotels, including aspects such as the number of studies, geographical distribution, targeted species, and the materials and specifications of nesting tubes.

Prospects: We summarize the positive impacts (pollination, pest control, and popular science education) and limitations (low occupancy rate, invasive alien species, increased harm from natural enemies and pathogens) of insect hotels in promoting solitary bee diversity in urban environments and propose specific improvement strategies. This study aims to provide a scientific foundation and practical guidance for sustainable development of urban biodiversity.

Key words: insect hotel, trap-nest, urban insect, solitary bee, diversity conservation

周昊, 王茗毅, 张楚格, 肖治术, 欧阳芳 (2025) 昆虫旅馆在独栖蜂多样性保护中的现状与挑战. 生物多样性, 33, 24472. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024472.

Hao Zhou, Mingyi Wang, Chuge Zhang, Zhishu Xiao, Fang Ouyang (2025) The status and challenges of insect hotels in the conservation of urban solitary bees and wasps diversity. Biodiversity Science, 33, 24472. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024472.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2024472

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2025/V33/I5/24472

图/表 6

参考文献 57

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洲 Continent	文献数量Number of papers	国家 Country	文献数量Number of papers
欧洲 Europe	141	德国 Germany	36
		西班牙 Spain	14
		捷克共和国 The Czech Republic	9
		法国 France	8
		意大利 Italy	7
		荷兰 The Netherlands	7
		比利时 Belgium	6
		波兰 Poland	6
		俄罗斯 Russia	6
		瑞典 Sweden	6
		瑞士 Switzerland	6
		立陶宛 Lithuania	5
		英国 Britain	5
		匈牙利 Hungary	4
		奥地利 Austria	3
		土耳其 Türkiye	3
		乌克兰 Ukraine	3
		罗马尼亚 Romania	2
		克罗地亚 Croatia	1
		爱沙尼亚 Estonia	1
		爱尔兰 Ireland	1
		塞尔维亚 Serbia	1
		斯洛伐克 Slovakia	1
南美洲 South America	135	巴西 Brazil	116
		阿根廷 Argentina	18
		哥伦比亚 Colombia	1
北美洲 North America	63	美国 America	42
		加拿大 Canada	14
		哥斯达黎加 Costa Rica	3
		墨西哥 Mexico	2
		巴拿马 Panama	2
亚洲 Asia	51	中国 China	20
		印度 India	12
		日本 Japan	8
		巴基斯坦 Pakistan	4
		韩国 Korea	2
		越南 Vietnam	2
		伊朗 Iran	1
		沙特阿拉伯 Saudi Arabia	1
		新加坡 Singapore	1
大洋洲 Oceania	12	澳大利亚 Australia	12
非洲 Africa	3	南非 South Africa	2
非洲 Africa	3	摩洛哥 Morocco	1

洲 Continent	文献数量Number of papers	国家 Country	文献数量Number of papers
欧洲 Europe	141	德国 Germany	36
		西班牙 Spain	14
		捷克共和国 The Czech Republic	9
		法国 France	8
		意大利 Italy	7
		荷兰 The Netherlands	7
		比利时 Belgium	6
		波兰 Poland	6
		俄罗斯 Russia	6
		瑞典 Sweden	6
		瑞士 Switzerland	6
		立陶宛 Lithuania	5
		英国 Britain	5
		匈牙利 Hungary	4
		奥地利 Austria	3
		土耳其 Türkiye	3
		乌克兰 Ukraine	3
		罗马尼亚 Romania	2
		克罗地亚 Croatia	1
		爱沙尼亚 Estonia	1
		爱尔兰 Ireland	1
		塞尔维亚 Serbia	1
		斯洛伐克 Slovakia	1
南美洲 South America	135	巴西 Brazil	116
		阿根廷 Argentina	18
		哥伦比亚 Colombia	1
北美洲 North America	63	美国 America	42
		加拿大 Canada	14
		哥斯达黎加 Costa Rica	3
		墨西哥 Mexico	2
		巴拿马 Panama	2
亚洲 Asia	51	中国 China	20
		印度 India	12
		日本 Japan	8
		巴基斯坦 Pakistan	4
		韩国 Korea	2
		越南 Vietnam	2
		伊朗 Iran	1
		沙特阿拉伯 Saudi Arabia	1
		新加坡 Singapore	1
大洋洲 Oceania	12	澳大利亚 Australia	12
非洲 Africa	3	南非 South Africa	2
非洲 Africa	3	摩洛哥 Morocco	1

昆虫旅馆在独栖蜂多样性保护中的现状与挑战

The status and challenges of insect hotels in the conservation of urban solitary bees and wasps diversity

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