生物多样性 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 24553.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024553

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇    下一篇

夜间灯光对外来入侵植物和本地植物群落多样性和生长的影响

张浩斌1,2,肖路1*,刘艳杰1*   

  1. 1.中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所湿地生态与环境重点实验室,黑土地保护与利用全国重点实验室,长春 130102 2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-09 修回日期:2025-02-17 出版日期:2025-04-20 发布日期:2025-03-27
  • 通讯作者: 刘艳杰

Effects of artificial light at night on the diversity and growth of invasive alien and native plants

Haobin Zhang1,2,Lu Xiao1*,Yanjie Liu1*   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China

    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

  • Received:2024-12-09 Revised:2025-02-17 Online:2025-04-20 Published:2025-03-27
  • Contact: Yanjie Liu

摘要: 过度使用人造夜间灯光所引发的光污染会对多种类型的生物及生态过程造成负面影响。然而,夜间灯光是否会影响外来入侵植物的入侵频率,以及夜间灯光对外来入侵植物与本地植物群落组成和植物生长的影响是否存在差异尚需进一步解析。本研究通过实地调查,对比分析了长春市有无路灯区域的外来植物入侵频率、外来入侵植物与本地植物群落组成和多样性、以及外来入侵植物与本地植物的株高和相对盖度的差异。结果显示:(1)夜间灯光对外来入侵植物分布频率没有显著影响;(2)夜间灯光对外来入侵植物和本地植物群落的-多样性也没有显著影响,但是使外来入侵植物的丰富度(α-多样性)显著增加;(3)夜间灯光使外来入侵植物的株高和盖度显著增加,使本地植物的盖度显著降低,而对本地植物的株高则无显著影响。综上所述,夜间灯光可能会进一步强化外来入侵植物的竞争优势,增加其入侵风险。因此,在今后的外来入侵植物防控策略制定中,应当纳入对这一因素的考量。

关键词: 夜间灯光, 城市植被, 外来植物入侵, 植物多样性, 植物生长

Abstract

Aims: The negative impacts of light pollution, resulting from excessive artificial light at night (ALAN), on many organisms and ecological processes, have garnered significant attention. However, the impact of ALAN on the frequency of invasive alien plants and its effects on plant community composition and growth performance of invasive alien and native species remain poorly understood. 

Methods: We carried out a field investigation in Changchun city to compare areas with and without ALAN exposure, focusing on the frequency of invasive alien plants, the composition, and biodiversity of invasive alien and native plant communities, as well as the plant height and relative coverage of invasive alien and native plants. 

Results: We found that: (1) ALAN did not significantly influence the frequency of invasive alien plants; (2) While ALAN did not significantly affect the diversity of invasive alien and native plant communities, it significantly increased the richness of invasive alien plants; (3) ALAN significantly enhanced the height and relative cover of invasive alien plants and decreased the relative cover of native plants, but had no significant effect on native plant height. 

Conclusions: These results suggest that ALAN may further bolster the competitive advantage of invasive alien plants and increase their invasion risk. Therefore, future management strategies for plant invasion should incorporate ALAN as a potential contributing factor.

Key words: Artificial light at night, Urban vegetation, Alien plant invasion, Plant diversity, Plant growth