稻草覆盖与间作三叶草对丘陵茶园土壤微生物群落功能的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07093

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

不同的土壤管理方式对土壤的质量有重要影响, 而土壤微生物群落功能多样性是反映土壤质量变化的重要指标之一。本研究旨在利用Biolog微孔板鉴定系统研究不同培肥措施下茶园土壤微生物群落功能多样性的变化。比较6种处理的结果发现, 与NPK肥+清耕(CK)相比, 平均吸光值(average well color development, AWCD)的变化速度(斜率)和最大值顺序为: 饼肥+PK+间作三叶草>NPK肥+稻草覆盖>饼肥+PK+稻草覆盖>饼肥+PK+清耕>NPK肥+间作三叶草>CK。可见间作三叶草与稻草覆盖不同程度地提高了微生物整体活性和丰富度, 其中饼肥+PK+间作三叶草处理处理效果最好。分析多样性指数发现, 虽然稻草覆盖与间作三叶草对土壤常见微生物种类影响并不大, 但微生物群落均匀度有所降低。对碳源利用主成分起分异作用的主要是糖类和羧酸类物质。

关键词: 丘陵茶园, Biolog, 土壤微生物群落, 功能多样性

Abstract

Soil management techniques such as mulching and intercropping have important effects on soil quality, and soil microbes are sensitive indicators of soil quality. We investigated the effects of fertilizer treatments on the functional diversity of soil microbial communities in tea plantations using the Biolog technique. Six treatments were designed, and the change rates of AWCD (average well color development, slope) ranked as follows: caky fertilizer + intercropping with white clover>NPK fertilizer + straw mulching>caky fertilizer+PK fertilizer+straw mulching>caky fertilizer+PK fertilizer+tillage>NPK fertilizer+intercropping with white clover>NPK fertilizer+tillage, indicating that intercropping and organic matter (caky) fertilizer improved the abundance and diversity of soil microbes to a certain extent. Biodiversity indices showed that neither straw mulching nor intercropping with white clover influenced microorganism species composition, but decreased the evenness of microbial communities. Our results also showed that both carbohydrate and carboxylic acid played important roles in the differentiation of carbon sources.

Key words: hilly tea plantations, Biolog, soil microbial community, functional diversity

徐华勤, 肖润林, 宋同清, 罗文, 任全, 黄瑶 (2008) 稻草覆盖与间作三叶草对丘陵茶园土壤微生物群落功能的影响. 生物多样性, 16, 166-174. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07093.

Huaqin Xu, Runlin Xiao, Tongqing Song, Wen Luo, Quan Ren, Yao Huang (2008) Effects of mulching and intercropping on the functional diversity of soil microbial communities in tea plantations. Biodiversity Science, 16, 166-174. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07093.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07093

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2008/V16/I2/166

图/表 9

参考文献 27

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代号 Code	处理 Treatments	稻草覆盖Strawmulching	间作三叶草 White clover intercropping	有机肥(饼肥) Organic manure		化肥 Chemical fertilizer
代号 Code	处理 Treatments	稻草覆盖Strawmulching	间作三叶草 White clover intercropping	有机肥(饼肥) Organic manure	尿素 Carbamide	过磷酸钙 Calcium superphosphate	氯化钾肥 KCl
I	NPK+清耕 (CK) NPK fertilizer+tillage	-	-	-	143	205	82
II	饼肥+PK+清耕 Caky fertilizer+PK fertilizer+tillage	-	-	1,250	-	90	62
III	NPK+稻草覆盖 NPK fertilizer + straw mulching	2,250	-	-	103	149	14.2
IV	饼肥+PK+稻草覆盖 Caky fertilizer+PK fertilizer+straw mulching	2,250	-	900	-	68	-
V	NPK+间作三叶草 NPK fertilizer+intercropping with white clover	-	0.45	-	143	205	82
VI	饼肥+PK+间作三叶草 Caky fertilizer + intercropping with white clover	-	0.45	1,250	-	90	62

代号 Code	处理 Treatments	稻草覆盖Strawmulching	间作三叶草 White clover intercropping	有机肥(饼肥) Organic manure		化肥 Chemical fertilizer
代号 Code	处理 Treatments	稻草覆盖Strawmulching	间作三叶草 White clover intercropping	有机肥(饼肥) Organic manure	尿素 Carbamide	过磷酸钙 Calcium superphosphate	氯化钾肥 KCl
I	NPK+清耕 (CK) NPK fertilizer+tillage	-	-	-	143	205	82
II	饼肥+PK+清耕 Caky fertilizer+PK fertilizer+tillage	-	-	1,250	-	90	62
III	NPK+稻草覆盖 NPK fertilizer + straw mulching	2,250	-	-	103	149	14.2
IV	饼肥+PK+稻草覆盖 Caky fertilizer+PK fertilizer+straw mulching	2,250	-	900	-	68	-
V	NPK+间作三叶草 NPK fertilizer+intercropping with white clover	-	0.45	-	143	205	82
VI	饼肥+PK+间作三叶草 Caky fertilizer + intercropping with white clover	-	0.45	1,250	-	90	62

代号 Code	处理 Treatments	全 N Total N (g/kg)	有机质 Organic matter (g/kg)	全 P Total P (g/kg)	全 K Total K (g/kg)	速效N Available N (mg/kg)	有效P Available P(mg/kg)	速效K Available K (mg/kg)	pH
I	NPK+清耕 (CK)	0.90 (0.21)	7.06 (0.27)	0.63 (0.13)	10.11 (0.37)	18.43 (0.21)	17.68 (0.71)	127.98 (0.64)	6.92 (0.31)
II	饼肥+PK+清耕	0.91 (0.11)	7.67 (0.33)	0.58 (0.19)	10.08 (0.11)	21.34 (1.07)	18.22 (0.56)	159.33 (0.96)	7.01 (0.52)
III	NPK+稻草覆盖	0.98 (013)	8.31 (0.14)	0.51 (0.22)	9.96 (0.35)	24.13 (0.97)	18.91 (0.43)	191.70 (1.17)	6.88 (0.97)
IV	饼肥+PK+稻草覆盖	0.97 (0.18)	8.05 (0.22)	0.56 (0.17)	9.7 (0.46)	21.88 (1.17)	20.89 (1.01)	227.61 (0.97)	6.76 (0.41)
V	NPK+间作三叶草	0.95 (021)	7.95 (0.17)	0.57 (021)	10.21 (0.23)	24.69 (0.66)	17.54 (0.44)	83.41 (1.31)	5.98 (0.64)
VI	饼肥+PK+间作三叶草	0.99 (0.14)	8.15 (0.23)	0.55 (0.18)	9.89 (0.12)	23.52 (1.32)	16.18 (0.35)	98.97 (0.88)	6.30 (0.10)

代号 Code	处理 Treatments	全 N Total N (g/kg)	有机质 Organic matter (g/kg)	全 P Total P (g/kg)	全 K Total K (g/kg)	速效N Available N (mg/kg)	有效P Available P(mg/kg)	速效K Available K (mg/kg)	pH
I	NPK+清耕 (CK)	0.90 (0.21)	7.06 (0.27)	0.63 (0.13)	10.11 (0.37)	18.43 (0.21)	17.68 (0.71)	127.98 (0.64)	6.92 (0.31)
II	饼肥+PK+清耕	0.91 (0.11)	7.67 (0.33)	0.58 (0.19)	10.08 (0.11)	21.34 (1.07)	18.22 (0.56)	159.33 (0.96)	7.01 (0.52)
III	NPK+稻草覆盖	0.98 (013)	8.31 (0.14)	0.51 (0.22)	9.96 (0.35)	24.13 (0.97)	18.91 (0.43)	191.70 (1.17)	6.88 (0.97)
IV	饼肥+PK+稻草覆盖	0.97 (0.18)	8.05 (0.22)	0.56 (0.17)	9.7 (0.46)	21.88 (1.17)	20.89 (1.01)	227.61 (0.97)	6.76 (0.41)
V	NPK+间作三叶草	0.95 (021)	7.95 (0.17)	0.57 (021)	10.21 (0.23)	24.69 (0.66)	17.54 (0.44)	83.41 (1.31)	5.98 (0.64)
VI	饼肥+PK+间作三叶草	0.99 (0.14)	8.15 (0.23)	0.55 (0.18)	9.89 (0.12)	23.52 (1.32)	16.18 (0.35)	98.97 (0.88)	6.30 (0.10)

变量 Variables	差异源 Source	偏差平方和 Sum of square of deviations	自由度 Degree of freedom	均方差 Mean square	F值 F	P值 P
AWCD (饼肥+PK+稻草覆盖、饼肥+PK+清耕、饼肥+PK+间作三叶草、CK)	组间 Among groups	1.577	3	0.526	4.872	0.004
	组内 Within groups	9.493	88	0.108
	总和 Total	11.070	91
AWCD (NPK+稻草覆盖、NPK+间作三叶草、CK)	组间 Among groups	0.520	2	0.260	2.700	0.075
	组内 Within groups	6.357	66	0.096
	总和 Total	6.877	68