合肥城区空气真菌浓度的时空分布特征

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07126

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究空气真菌群落结构和分布特征可为制定空气真菌污染防治对策和环境治理提供科学依据。我们于2005年7月至2006年6月, 采用仪器采样法分别在居住区、交通干线、中心商业区、公园绿地4个功能区对合肥城区空气中的真菌进行了监测。结果表明, 合肥城区空气已受到不同程度的真菌污染。城区空气中共分离得到真菌35个属, 优势属为曲霉属(Aspergillus)、青霉属(Penicillium)、毛霉属(Mucor)、根霉属(Rhizopus)、木霉属(Trichoderma)。空气真菌平均浓度为2,744 CFU/m³, 真菌浓度在居住区、中心商业区、公园绿地3个功能区由早、中、晚逐渐升高; 在交通干线中午较高、早晚较低。空气真菌浓度的季节变化在居住区和交通干线不明显, 而在中心商业区和公园绿地表现为春秋季较高, 夏冬季较低。空气真菌浓度的全年变化在居住区和交通干线不明显, 而在中心商业区的4月与10月、公园绿地的4月与9月, 空气真菌浓度显著高于全年其他月份。空气真菌浓度分布的时空特征不仅与环境因素、大气污染等因素有关, 还受到人类活动和植被等因素的影响。

关键词: 空气污染, 优势菌属, 季节变化, 影响因素

Abstract

Research on airborne fungi can provide basic data for air pollution control and environmental protection. Between July 2005 and June 2006, we investigated the distribution and spatial and temporal changes of airborne fungi in Hefei City, Anhui Province. The samples were collected at four different sites, including a residential district, a main traffic line, a central business district, and a green park area. Thirty-five airborne fungi genera were identified. Dominant genera includedAspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor, Rhizopus, and Trichoderma. Our results indicated that the air in Hefei was polluted with airborne fungi. In the residential district, central business district and green park area, the airborne fungi concentration increased between morning and evening, while along the main traffic line it peaked at noon. Airborne fungi concentration did not vary seasonally in the residential district or main traffic line; however, in the central business centre and green park area, fungi concentration was higher in spring and autumn than in summer and winter. Airborne fungi concentration was affected not only by air pollution, but also by human activity and vegetation distribution.

Key words: air pollution, dominant fungi, seasonal variation, influencing factors

凌琪, 王晏平, 王莉, 舒莹, 陶勇, 鲍立宁 (2008) 合肥城区空气真菌浓度的时空分布特征. 生物多样性, 16, 175-180. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07126.

Qi Ling, Yanping Wang, Li Wang, Ying Shu, Yong Tao, Lining Bao (2008) Distribution of airborne fungi concentration in Hefei City, Anhui. Biodiversity Science, 16, 175-180. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07126.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07126

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2008/V16/I2/175

图/表 4

参考文献 26

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	浓度 Concentration (CFU/m³)
	居住区 RD	交通干线 MTL	中心商业区 CBD	公园绿地 GPA	均值
毛霉属 Mucor	56	55	251	93	114
根霉属 Rhizopus	51	70	215	83	105
曲霉属 Aspergillus	542	719	1,463	1,277	1,000
青霉属 Penicillium	406	590	1,737	1,149	971
木霉属 Trichoderma	34	55	128	70	72
轮枝霉属 Verticillium	16	-	41	57	29
粘帚霉属 Gliocladium	5	11	-	13	7
拟青霉属 Paecilomyces	12	17	37	8	19
侧孢霉属 Sporotrichum	6	-	-	-	2
拟卵孢霉属 Ovulariopsis	5	-	-	-	1
发族孢属 Sporothrix	3	-	37	8	12
金孢属 Chrysosporium	3	11	23	-	9
单链孢属 Monocillium	-	18	41	-	15
孔球孢属 Gilmaniella	8	-	-	8	4
汉斯霉属 Hansfordia	-	9	-	-	2
头孢霉属 Cephalosporium	-	-	27	-	7
圆孢霉属 Staphylotrichum	-	-	9	8	4
葡萄孢霉属 Botryosporium	-	-	23	10	8
星霉属 Asteromyces	-	-	23	13	9
粘束梗霉属 Graphium	4	-	-	13	4
芽枝霉属 Cladosporium	32	52	119	67	68
单格霉属 Ulocladium	6	-	-	-	2
啄枝霉属 Rhinocladiella	5	-	-	-	1
交链孢霉属 Alternaria	28	46	50	57	45
双球霉属 Diplococcium	-	-	32	8	10
截端双孢属 Ampulliferina	-	-	-	8	2
黑孢霉属 Nigrospora	-	-	-	8	2
镰孢霉属 Fusarium	32	39	55	26	38
细盾壳属 Leptothyrium	3	-	-	8	3
盾壳霉属 Coniothyrium	8	-	-	13	5
球壳孢属 Sphaeropsis	-	17	-	-	4
壳梭孢属 Fusicoocum	-	-	-	8	2
柱孢霉属 Cylindrosporium	-	-	-	8	2
丝核菌属 Rhizoctonia	30	-	69	38	34
团丝核菌属 Papulaspora	-	46	37	38	30
未鉴定 Unidentified	56	89	155	112	103
总浓度 Total concentration	1,351	1,844	4,572	3,209	2,744

	浓度 Concentration (CFU/m³)
	居住区 RD	交通干线 MTL	中心商业区 CBD	公园绿地 GPA	均值
毛霉属 Mucor	56	55	251	93	114
根霉属 Rhizopus	51	70	215	83	105
曲霉属 Aspergillus	542	719	1,463	1,277	1,000
青霉属 Penicillium	406	590	1,737	1,149	971
木霉属 Trichoderma	34	55	128	70	72
轮枝霉属 Verticillium	16	-	41	57	29
粘帚霉属 Gliocladium	5	11	-	13	7
拟青霉属 Paecilomyces	12	17	37	8	19
侧孢霉属 Sporotrichum	6	-	-	-	2
拟卵孢霉属 Ovulariopsis	5	-	-	-	1
发族孢属 Sporothrix	3	-	37	8	12
金孢属 Chrysosporium	3	11	23	-	9
单链孢属 Monocillium	-	18	41	-	15
孔球孢属 Gilmaniella	8	-	-	8	4
汉斯霉属 Hansfordia	-	9	-	-	2
头孢霉属 Cephalosporium	-	-	27	-	7
圆孢霉属 Staphylotrichum	-	-	9	8	4
葡萄孢霉属 Botryosporium	-	-	23	10	8
星霉属 Asteromyces	-	-	23	13	9
粘束梗霉属 Graphium	4	-	-	13	4
芽枝霉属 Cladosporium	32	52	119	67	68
单格霉属 Ulocladium	6	-	-	-	2
啄枝霉属 Rhinocladiella	5	-	-	-	1
交链孢霉属 Alternaria	28	46	50	57	45
双球霉属 Diplococcium	-	-	32	8	10
截端双孢属 Ampulliferina	-	-	-	8	2
黑孢霉属 Nigrospora	-	-	-	8	2
镰孢霉属 Fusarium	32	39	55	26	38
细盾壳属 Leptothyrium	3	-	-	8	3
盾壳霉属 Coniothyrium	8	-	-	13	5
球壳孢属 Sphaeropsis	-	17	-	-	4
壳梭孢属 Fusicoocum	-	-	-	8	2
柱孢霉属 Cylindrosporium	-	-	-	8	2
丝核菌属 Rhizoctonia	30	-	69	38	34
团丝核菌属 Papulaspora	-	46	37	38	30
未鉴定 Unidentified	56	89	155	112	103
总浓度 Total concentration	1,351	1,844	4,572	3,209	2,744