四川贡嘎山国家级自然保护区鸟兽多样性

doi:10.17520/biods.2020395

生物多样性 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 20395. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020395 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2020395

所属专题：青藏高原生物多样性与生态安全；数据论文

• 生物编目 • 下一篇

四川贡嘎山国家级自然保护区鸟兽多样性

乔江²^,³, 贾国清⁴, 周华明⁴, 龚林⁵, 蒋勇⁴, 肖能文⁶, 高晓奇⁶, 温安祥³^,^*(), 王杰¹^,²^,^*()

1.西华师范大学生命科学学院, 四川南充 637002
2.中国科学院成都生物研究所, 成都 610041
3.四川农业大学生命科学学院, 四川雅安 625014
4.四川贡嘎山国家级自然保护区管理局, 四川康定 626001
5.四川省甘孜州道孚国有林保护管理局, 四川道孚 626499
6.中国环境科学研究院国家环境保护区域生态过程与功能评估重点实验室, 北京 100012

收稿日期:2020-10-11 接受日期:2021-12-30 出版日期:2022-02-20 发布日期:2022-02-28
通讯作者: 温安祥,王杰
作者简介:wangjie@cib.ac.cn
*E-mail: 2960657740@qq.com;
基金资助:
生态环境部生物多样性调查评估项目(2019HJ2096001006);中国科学院生物多样性监测研究网络平台(Y3C6021101)

Mammal and bird diversity recorded with camera traps in Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China

Jiang Qiao²^,³, Guoqing Jia⁴, Huaming Zhou⁴, Lin Gong⁵, Yong Jiang⁴, Nengwen Xiao⁶, Xiaoqi Gao⁶, Anxiang Wen³^,^*(), Jie Wang¹^,²^,^*()

1 College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637002
2 Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041
3 College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, Sichuan 625014
4 Sichuan Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve Administration, Kangding, Sichuan 626001
5 Daofu National Forest Management Bureau, Daofu, Sichuan 626499
6 Key Laboratory of National Environmental Protection for Assessment of Region Ecological Processes and Functions, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012

Received:2020-10-11 Accepted:2021-12-30 Online:2022-02-20 Published:2022-02-28
Contact: Anxiang Wen,Jie Wang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

四川贡嘎山国家级自然保护区位于全球生物多样性热点地区之一的横断山区, 是我国生物多样性保护优先区。本文利用红外相机影像和已发表文献对该保护区的大中型兽类和地面活动鸟类进行编目并提出未来监测建议。2011-2018年在97个1 km × 1 km的网格安放红外相机, 累计39,881个相机日, 获得独立有效照片20,932张, 其中野生兽类16,244张, 鸟类2,775张, 牲畜1,737张, 人176张。鉴定出野生兽类30种, 另有文献报道4种和观察3种, 分属于5目15科; 鸟类78种, 分属于9目22科; 牲畜6种。包括12种国家I级和28种国家II级重点保护野生动物; 被CITES附录I收录的有11种, 附录II收录的有12种。被IUCN红色名录评估为濒危(EN)和易危(VU)等级的分别有3种和8种。被《中国脊椎动物红色名录》评估为极危(CR)、濒危和易危等级的分别有5、5和11种。相对多度指数(relative abundance index, RAI)排名前三的兽类是毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus, 147.39)、水鹿(Rusa unicolor, 66.10)、野猪(Sus scrofa, 36.03); 鸟类是血雉(Ithaginis cruentus, 14.64)、白马鸡(Crossoptilon crossoptilon, 10.43)、大噪鹛(Garrulax maximus, 8.05)。阔叶林、针阔混交林、高山灌丛草甸和高山流石滩是调查薄弱生境, 后期应开展重点调查, 以厘清本区域大中型兽类资源。

关键词: 贡嘎山, 红外相机, 物种编目, 大中型兽类, 物种多样性

Abstract

Aims The Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve lies in the global biodiversity hotspot—the Hengduan Mountains and is a priority area of biodiversity conservation in China. However, surveys of large to medium-sized mammals are insufficient in the reserve. For this reason, we conducted a camera trap survey during 2011-2018.

Methods Camera traps were placed in 97 grid cells (1 km × 1 km per cell) with a minimum distance of over 500 m and at the altitudes of 2,672-4,764 m. Only one camera was placed in a cell during the same period. Seventy grid cells located continuously along the western slope of Mt. Gongga.

Results A total of 20,932 independent photographs were taken over 39,881 camera-days. Thirty wild mammal species and 78 bird species were captured by camera traps. Seven other mammal species were reported by literature or occasional observation. Among them, 12 species are class I, and 28 are class II national protected animals. 11 and 12 species are listed in the CITES Appendix I and II, respectively. According to the IUCN Red List, 3 and 8 species are listed as endangered (EN) and vulnerable (VU) species, respectively. According to Red List of China’s Vertebrates, 5 species are listed as Critically Endangered (CR), 5 are listed as endangered, and 11 are listed as vulnerable. Using a relative abundance index, the three most detected mammal species were the tufted deer (Elaphodus cephalophus, 147.39), sambar deer (Rusa unicolor, 66.10), and wild boar (Sus scrofa, 36.03); the three most detected avian species were the blood pheasant (Ithaginis cruentus, 14.64), white eared pheasant (Crossoptilon crossoptilon, 10.43), and giant laughingthrush (Garrulax maximus, 8.05).

Conclusion We provided an inventory of large to medium-sized mammals in the reserve. More in-depth investigations should be conducted in broad-leaved forest, coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, alpine shrub meadow, and alpine scree to survey other undetected mammals.

Key words: Gongga Mountain, camera traps, species inventory, large to medium-sized mammals, species diversity

乔江, 贾国清, 周华明, 龚林, 蒋勇, 肖能文, 高晓奇, 温安祥, 王杰 (2022) 四川贡嘎山国家级自然保护区鸟兽多样性. 生物多样性, 30, 20395. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020395.

Jiang Qiao, Guoqing Jia, Huaming Zhou, Lin Gong, Yong Jiang, Nengwen Xiao, Xiaoqi Gao, Anxiang Wen, Jie Wang (2022) Mammal and bird diversity recorded with camera traps in Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China. Biodiversity Science, 30, 20395. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020395.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2020395

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2022/V30/I2/20395

图/表 3

图1 四川贡嘎山国家级自然保护区红外相机分布图及拍摄到的物种数。A: 红外相机的设置位点; B: 西坡70个连续分布的公里网格及红外相机的设置位点(监测样区)。

Fig. 1 Camera traps and mammal species detected in the Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China. A, Locations of camera traps; B, Seventy grid cells (1 km × 1 km) and camera traps were placed continuously in the western slope and treated as a monitoring plot.

图2 兽类和鸟类物种数与抽样强度之间的关系。A, C基于调查网格数; B, D基于相机日。

Fig. 2 Species accumulative curves based on number of grid cells (A, C) and camera-days (B, D) for the camera traps survey in the Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve

图3 不同生境中调查到的大中型兽类种数随相机日的累积曲线

Fig.3 Species accumulative curves of large and medium-sized mammals based on camera-trapping efforts (camera days) in different habitat types

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四川贡嘎山国家级自然保护区鸟兽多样性

Mammal and bird diversity recorded with camera traps in Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China

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