生物多样性 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (8): 931-939. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019334
所属专题: 昆虫多样性与生态功能
邓敏1,2, 廖明玮1,2, 王晨彬3, 廖承清1,2, 康祖杰4, 马方舟3,*(), 黄国华1,2,*()
收稿日期:
2019-10-27
接受日期:
2020-04-27
出版日期:
2020-08-20
发布日期:
2020-09-01
通讯作者:
马方舟,黄国华
作者简介:
ghhuang@hunau.edu.cn基金资助:
Min Deng1,2, Mingwei Liao1,2, Chenbin Wang3, Chengqing Liao1,2, Zujie Kang4, Fangzhou Ma3,*(), Guohua Huang1,2,*()
Received:
2019-10-27
Accepted:
2020-04-27
Online:
2020-08-20
Published:
2020-09-01
Contact:
Fangzhou Ma,Guohua Huang
摘要:
为了解人为干扰对壶瓶山国家级自然保护区(以下简称壶瓶山保护区)蝴蝶物种多样性的影响, 调查组于2017-2018年间采用样线法抽取5条样线对壶瓶山保护区的蝴蝶群落进行调查研究, 分析了人为干扰对蝴蝶发生规律的影响, 并比较了壶瓶山保护区中不同程度人为干扰情况下的蝴蝶发生差异。本调查共观测到蝴蝶6,711只, 隶属5科19亚科119属190种, 各样线的优势种主要有宽边黄粉蝶(Eurema hecabe)、东方菜粉蝶(Pieris canidia)、酢浆灰蝶(Pseudozizeeria maha)、宽带凤蝶(Papilio nephelus)等。轻度干扰情况下物种多样性最高, 其次为无干扰条件, 而中度干扰情况下蝴蝶物种多样性最低, 即小规模的耕作-居住环境有利于蝴蝶的聚集, 而增加现有的人为干扰程度或扩大干扰范围, 可致使群落中蝴蝶物种数减少、优势类群数量增加。
邓敏, 廖明玮, 王晨彬, 廖承清, 康祖杰, 马方舟, 黄国华 (2020) 人为干扰对壶瓶山国家级自然保护区蝴蝶物种多样性的影响. 生物多样性, 28, 931-939. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019334.
Min Deng, Mingwei Liao, Chenbin Wang, Chengqing Liao, Zujie Kang, Fangzhou Ma, Guohua Huang (2020) Influence of human disturbance on butterfly diversity in the Hupingshan National Nature Reserve. Biodiversity Science, 28, 931-939. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019334.
科 Family | 样线A Survey line A | 样线B Survey line B | 样线C Survey line C | 样线D Survey line D | 样线E Survey line E | 总物种数 Total number of species | 总个体数 Total number of individuals | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
物种 Species | 个体 Individual | 物种 Species | 个体 Individual | 物种 Species | 个体 Individual | 物种 Species | 个体 Individual | 物种 Species | 个体 Individual | |||
蛱蝶科 Nymphalidae | 50 | 402 | 54 | 461 | 54 | 421 | 64 | 708 | 63 | 539 | 99 | 2,531 |
粉蝶科 Pieridae | 14 | 312 | 14 | 276 | 12 | 188 | 10 | 343 | 9 | 366 | 18 | 1,485 |
凤蝶科 Papilionidae | 9 | 91 | 13 | 275 | 12 | 262 | 15 | 433 | 13 | 257 | 17 | 1,318 |
灰蝶科 Lycaenidae | 16 | 355 | 17 | 189 | 15 | 184 | 13 | 139 | 14 | 181 | 24 | 1,048 |
弄蝶科 Hesperiidae | 17 | 86 | 18 | 50 | 18 | 45 | 20 | 133 | 11 | 35 | 32 | 329 |
表1 湖南壶瓶山国家级自然保护区各调查样线蝴蝶各科的物种数和个体数
Table 1 Species and individual number of butterfly in each survey line of Hupingshan National Nature Reserve, Hunan
科 Family | 样线A Survey line A | 样线B Survey line B | 样线C Survey line C | 样线D Survey line D | 样线E Survey line E | 总物种数 Total number of species | 总个体数 Total number of individuals | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
物种 Species | 个体 Individual | 物种 Species | 个体 Individual | 物种 Species | 个体 Individual | 物种 Species | 个体 Individual | 物种 Species | 个体 Individual | |||
蛱蝶科 Nymphalidae | 50 | 402 | 54 | 461 | 54 | 421 | 64 | 708 | 63 | 539 | 99 | 2,531 |
粉蝶科 Pieridae | 14 | 312 | 14 | 276 | 12 | 188 | 10 | 343 | 9 | 366 | 18 | 1,485 |
凤蝶科 Papilionidae | 9 | 91 | 13 | 275 | 12 | 262 | 15 | 433 | 13 | 257 | 17 | 1,318 |
灰蝶科 Lycaenidae | 16 | 355 | 17 | 189 | 15 | 184 | 13 | 139 | 14 | 181 | 24 | 1,048 |
弄蝶科 Hesperiidae | 17 | 86 | 18 | 50 | 18 | 45 | 20 | 133 | 11 | 35 | 32 | 329 |
图4 各样线蝴蝶群落的数量级丰度图。 a: 东方菜粉蝶; b: 宽边黄粉蝶; c: 酢浆灰蝶; d: 宽带凤蝶; e: 拟斑脉蛱蝶; f: 碧凤蝶; g: 二尾蛱蝶; h: 蓝凤蝶; i: 点玄灰蝶。
Fig. 4 Rank-abundance plots of butterfly communities in each survey line. a, Pieris canidia; b, Eurema hecabe; c, Pseudozizeeria maha; d, Papilio nephelus; e, Hestina persimilis; f, Papilio bianor; g, Polyura narcaea; h, Papilio protenor; i, Tongeia filicaudis.
样线 Survey line | 物种数 Species | 个体数 Individual | 优势组种数 No. of dominant group species | 常见组种数 No. of common group species | 稀有组种数 No. of rare group species | 特有种数 No. of endemic species |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | 106 | 1,246 | 14 | 54 | 38 | 13 |
B | 116 | 1,251 | 14 | 62 | 39 | 12 |
C | 109 | 1,100 | 14 | 63 | 31 | 4 |
D | 122 | 1,736 | 14 | 65 | 42 | 6 |
E | 110 | 1,378 | 14 | 61 | 35 | 13 |
表2 湖南壶瓶山国家级自然保护区各样线蝴蝶组成
Table 2 Butterfly composition in each survey line of Hupingshan National Nature Reserve, Hunan
样线 Survey line | 物种数 Species | 个体数 Individual | 优势组种数 No. of dominant group species | 常见组种数 No. of common group species | 稀有组种数 No. of rare group species | 特有种数 No. of endemic species |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | 106 | 1,246 | 14 | 54 | 38 | 13 |
B | 116 | 1,251 | 14 | 62 | 39 | 12 |
C | 109 | 1,100 | 14 | 63 | 31 | 4 |
D | 122 | 1,736 | 14 | 65 | 42 | 6 |
E | 110 | 1,378 | 14 | 61 | 35 | 13 |
图5 各样线蝴蝶群落多样性指数。 不同小写字母表示差异显著(P < 0.05)。
Fig. 5 Diversity index of butterfly communities in different survey lines. Different small letter indicates significant difference (P < 0.05).
图6 不同干扰程度下的蝴蝶群落多样性指数。 不同小写字母表示差异显著(P < 0.05)。
Fig. 6 Diversity index of butterfly communities in different disturbance levels. Different small letter indicates significant difference (P < 0.05).
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