人为干扰对壶瓶山国家级自然保护区蝴蝶物种多样性的影响

doi:10.17520/biods.2019334

生物多样性 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (8): 931-939. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019334

所属专题：昆虫多样性与生态功能

人为干扰对壶瓶山国家级自然保护区蝴蝶物种多样性的影响

邓敏¹^,², 廖明玮¹^,², 王晨彬³, 廖承清¹^,², 康祖杰⁴, 马方舟³^,^*(), 黄国华¹^,²^,^*()

^1. 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 长沙 410128
^2. 植物病虫害生物学与防控湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410128
^3. 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所/国家环境保护生物安全重点实验室, 南京 210042
^4. 湖南壶瓶山国家级自然保护区管理处, 湖南石门 415300

收稿日期:2019-10-27 接受日期:2020-04-27 出版日期:2020-08-20 发布日期:2020-09-01
通讯作者: 马方舟,黄国华
作者简介:ghhuang@hunau.edu.cn
*. E-mail: mfz@nies.org;
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0507206);生态环境部生物多样性保护重大工程

Influence of human disturbance on butterfly diversity in the Hupingshan National Nature Reserve

Min Deng¹^,², Mingwei Liao¹^,², Chenbin Wang³, Chengqing Liao¹^,², Zujie Kang⁴, Fangzhou Ma³^,^*(), Guohua Huang¹^,²^,^*()

^1. College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128
^2. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha 410128
^3. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment; National Key Laboratory of Biosafety, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042
^4. Administration of Hupingshan National Nature Reserve, Shimen, Hunan 415300

Received:2019-10-27 Accepted:2020-04-27 Online:2020-08-20 Published:2020-09-01
Contact: Fangzhou Ma,Guohua Huang

1. 附录1 湖南壶瓶山国家级自然保护区各调查样线的蝴蝶种类和数量.pdf(229KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解人为干扰对壶瓶山国家级自然保护区(以下简称壶瓶山保护区)蝴蝶物种多样性的影响, 调查组于2017-2018年间采用样线法抽取5条样线对壶瓶山保护区的蝴蝶群落进行调查研究, 分析了人为干扰对蝴蝶发生规律的影响, 并比较了壶瓶山保护区中不同程度人为干扰情况下的蝴蝶发生差异。本调查共观测到蝴蝶6,711只, 隶属5科19亚科119属190种, 各样线的优势种主要有宽边黄粉蝶(Eurema hecabe)、东方菜粉蝶(Pieris canidia)、酢浆灰蝶(Pseudozizeeria maha)、宽带凤蝶(Papilio nephelus)等。轻度干扰情况下物种多样性最高, 其次为无干扰条件, 而中度干扰情况下蝴蝶物种多样性最低, 即小规模的耕作-居住环境有利于蝴蝶的聚集, 而增加现有的人为干扰程度或扩大干扰范围, 可致使群落中蝴蝶物种数减少、优势类群数量增加。

关键词: 壶瓶山国家级自然保护区, 蝴蝶, 群落组成, 多样性, 人为干扰

Abstract

In order to understand the impact of human disturbance on butterfly diversity in the Hupingshan National Nature Reserve, we surveyed butterfly abundance in Hupingshan between 2017 and 2018, and analyzed human impacts in the region for the same time period. We compared differences in butterfly assemblages between three different levels of interference: non-interference, mild interference and medium interference. The results showed that of a total of 6,711 individuals observed, which belongs to 5 families, 19 subfamilies, 119 genera, 190 species represented. The highest species diversity was under mild interference, but the lowest diversity was under the medium interference. We conclude that small-scale farming-living environments are conducive to butterfly aggregations. If the existing level of human disturbance or the range of interference is increased, species represented in the butterfly community structure may decrease and the number of dominant species/groups may increase.

Key words: Hupingshan National Nature Reserve, butterfly, community structure, diversity, human disturbance

邓敏, 廖明玮, 王晨彬, 廖承清, 康祖杰, 马方舟, 黄国华 (2020) 人为干扰对壶瓶山国家级自然保护区蝴蝶物种多样性的影响. 生物多样性, 28, 931-939. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019334.

Min Deng, Mingwei Liao, Chenbin Wang, Chengqing Liao, Zujie Kang, Fangzhou Ma, Guohua Huang (2020) Influence of human disturbance on butterfly diversity in the Hupingshan National Nature Reserve. Biodiversity Science, 28, 931-939. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019334.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2019334

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2020/V28/I8/931

图/表 8

图1 湖南壶瓶山国家级自然保护区蝴蝶调查样线

Fig. 1 Survey transect line of butterfly in Hupingshan National Nature Reserve, Hunan

图2 各样段人为干扰程度示意图

Fig. 2 Different human disturbance levels of each subsection

表1 湖南壶瓶山国家级自然保护区各调查样线蝴蝶各科的物种数和个体数

Table 1 Species and individual number of butterfly in each survey line of Hupingshan National Nature Reserve, Hunan

科 Family	样线A Survey line A		样线B Survey line B		样线C Survey line C		样线D Survey line D		样线E Survey line E		总物种数 Total number of species	总个体数 Total number of individuals
科 Family	物种 Species	个体 Individual	物种 Species	个体 Individual	物种 Species	个体 Individual	物种 Species	个体 Individual	物种 Species	个体 Individual	总物种数 Total number of species	总个体数 Total number of individuals
蛱蝶科 Nymphalidae	50	402	54	461	54	421	64	708	63	539	99	2,531
粉蝶科 Pieridae	14	312	14	276	12	188	10	343	9	366	18	1,485
凤蝶科 Papilionidae	9	91	13	275	12	262	15	433	13	257	17	1,318
灰蝶科 Lycaenidae	16	355	17	189	15	184	13	139	14	181	24	1,048
弄蝶科 Hesperiidae	17	86	18	50	18	45	20	133	11	35	32	329

图3 各科蝴蝶在各组中的物种数

Fig. 3 Species number of butterflies of various families in each group

图4 各样线蝴蝶群落的数量级丰度图。 a: 东方菜粉蝶; b: 宽边黄粉蝶; c: 酢浆灰蝶; d: 宽带凤蝶; e: 拟斑脉蛱蝶; f: 碧凤蝶; g: 二尾蛱蝶; h: 蓝凤蝶; i: 点玄灰蝶。

Fig. 4 Rank-abundance plots of butterfly communities in each survey line. a, Pieris canidia; b, Eurema hecabe; c, Pseudozizeeria maha; d, Papilio nephelus; e, Hestina persimilis; f, Papilio bianor; g, Polyura narcaea; h, Papilio protenor; i, Tongeia filicaudis.

表2 湖南壶瓶山国家级自然保护区各样线蝴蝶组成

Table 2 Butterfly composition in each survey line of Hupingshan National Nature Reserve, Hunan

样线 Survey line	物种数 Species	个体数 Individual	优势组种数 No. of dominant group species	常见组种数 No. of common group species	稀有组种数 No. of rare group species	特有种数 No. of endemic species
A	106	1,246	14	54	38	13
B	116	1,251	14	62	39	12
C	109	1,100	14	63	31	4
D	122	1,736	14	65	42	6
E	110	1,378	14	61	35	13

图5 各样线蝴蝶群落多样性指数。不同小写字母表示差异显著(P < 0.05)。

Fig. 5 Diversity index of butterfly communities in different survey lines. Different small letter indicates significant difference (P < 0.05).

图6 不同干扰程度下的蝴蝶群落多样性指数。不同小写字母表示差异显著(P < 0.05)。

Fig. 6 Diversity index of butterfly communities in different disturbance levels. Different small letter indicates significant difference (P < 0.05).

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人为干扰对壶瓶山国家级自然保护区蝴蝶物种多样性的影响

Influence of human disturbance on butterfly diversity in the Hupingshan National Nature Reserve

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