氮添加对内蒙古典型草原线虫群落结构及生态指数的影响

doi:10.17520/biods.2026190

生物多样性 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (7): 26190. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2026190 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2026190

• 土壤生物多样性专题 • 上一篇

氮添加对内蒙古典型草原线虫群落结构及生态指数的影响

程建伟¹^,²(), 梁启瑞¹, 温豪杰¹, 梁海斌¹, 霍娜¹, 窦永静¹, 郝百惠², 刘新民³, 王欣禹²(), 马文红²^,^*()

¹ 太原师范学院地理科学学院汾河流域地表过程与资源生态安全山西省重点实验室, 山西晋中 030619
² 内蒙古大学生态与环境学院内蒙古草地生态学重点实验室, 呼和浩特 010021
³ 内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院, 呼和浩特 010022

收稿日期:2026-05-19 接受日期:2026-07-01 出版日期:2026-07-20 发布日期:2026-09-21
通讯作者: 马文红
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31960259);国家自然科学基金(31370454);内蒙古草地生态学重点实验室开放课题(IMKG202601);内蒙古高等学校创新团队发展计划(NMGIRT2501);山西省基础研发计划项目(202403021211203);山西省基础研发计划项目(202403021222280);山西省基础研发计划项目(202303021221174)

Effects of nitrogen addition on nematode community structure and ecological indices in a typical steppe of Inner Mongolia

Jianwei Cheng¹^,²(), Qirui Liang¹, Haojie Wen¹, Haibin Liang¹, Na Huo¹, Yongjing Dou¹, Baihui Hao², Xinmin Liu³, Xinyu Wang²(), Wenhong Ma²^,^*()

¹ Shanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecological Security in Fenhe River Basin, School of Geography Science, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030619, China
² Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
³ College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China

Received:2026-05-19 Accepted:2026-07-01 Online:2026-07-20 Published:2026-09-21
Contact: Wenhong Ma
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31960259);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31370454);Open Research Fund of Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology(IMKG202601);Innovation Team Development Program of Inner Mongolia Higher Education Institutions(NMGIRT2501);Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(202403021211203);Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(202403021222280);Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(202303021221174)

1. 附录.pdf(749KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

线虫作为土壤微食物网的核心组分, 在维持土壤生物多样性及调控养分循环与转化等一系列生态过程中发挥着关键作用。尽管目前关于氮沉降对土壤动物影响的研究已较为丰富, 但针对半干旱草原生态系统, 凋落物层与土壤表层线虫群落组成对氮添加的响应特征仍缺乏系统认知。为此, 本研究选取温带半干旱典型草原为研究区, 设置4个氮添加梯度(0、25、50和100 kg N∙ha^-1∙yr^-1), 分析凋落物层与土壤表层线虫的群落多样性及生态指数对氮添加的响应特征。结果表明, (1)相较于土壤表层线虫群落, 凋落物层线虫群落对氮添加的响应更为敏感, 具体体现在其群落结构的显著变化: 优势类群由cp2转变为cp1自由生活型线虫。(2)氮添加与气候年际变化对线虫群落的影响存在显著的交互作用, 且此作用因生境而异。湿润年份中, 氮添加对两类生境(凋落物层与土壤表层)的线虫多样性和生态指数无显著影响。与之相反, 干旱年份下的高氮添加则显著改变了凋落物层线虫的群落结构及生态功能。(3)在凋落物层, 干燥度指数、凋落物碳氮比和凋落物氮含量对线虫群落组成具有显著影响; 而在土壤表层, 干燥度指数、土壤含水量和植物地上生物量对线虫群落组成具有显著影响。本研究结果不仅为理解氮沉降背景下草原线虫群落的动态演变机制提供了新见解, 还明确了凋落物层在维持地下生物群落稳定性中的关键作用。

关键词: 氮添加, 线虫, 群落结构, 生态指数, 典型草原

Abstract

Aims: Nematodes are a central component of the soil micro-food web, play a key role in maintaining soil biodiversity and regulating a series of ecological processes such as nutrient cycling and transformation. Although numerous studies have investigated the effects of nitrogen addition on soil fauna, a systematic understanding of how nematode communities in the litter layer and surface soil respond to nitrogen enrichment in semi-arid grassland ecosystems remains lacking.
Methods: In this study, we conducted a field experiment in a temperate semi-arid typical steppe with four N addition levels (0, 25, 50, and 100 kg N∙ha^-1∙yr^-1), and examined the responses of nematode community diversity and ecological indices in both litter and surface soil layers to increasing nitrogen input.
Results: (1) Compared with the surface soil nematode community, the nematode community in the litter layer was more sensitive to N addition, as evidenced by significant shifts in community structure: the dominant functional group shifted from free-living cp2 nematodes to cp1 nematodes. (2) Nitrogen addition and inter-annual climate variation had a significant interactive effect on nematode communities, and this effect varied among habitats. In wet years, nitrogen addition did not significantly affect nematode diversity or ecological indices in either habitat (i.e., the litter layer and surface soil). In contrast, high-level nitrogen addition during dry years significantly altered the community structure and ecological functions of nematodes in the litter layer. (3) In the litter layer, nematode community composition was significantly influenced by the aridity index, litter C/N ratio, and litter nitrogen content. In the surface soil, nematode community composition was significantly shaped by the aridity index, soil water content, and aboveground plant biomass.
Conclusion: These findings not only provide new insights into the mechanisms driving the dynamic succession of grassland nematode communities under nitrogen deposition, but also highlight the critical role of the litter layer in maintaining the stability of belowground biotic communities.

Key words: nitrogen addition, nematode, community structure, ecological indices, typical steppe

程建伟, 梁启瑞, 温豪杰, 梁海斌, 霍娜, 窦永静, 郝百惠, 刘新民, 王欣禹, 马文红 (2026) 氮添加对内蒙古典型草原线虫群落结构及生态指数的影响. 生物多样性, 34, 26190. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2026190.

Jianwei Cheng, Qirui Liang, Haojie Wen, Haibin Liang, Na Huo, Yongjing Dou, Baihui Hao, Xinmin Liu, Xinyu Wang, Wenhong Ma (2026) Effects of nitrogen addition on nematode community structure and ecological indices in a typical steppe of Inner Mongolia. Biodiversity Science, 34, 26190. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2026190.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2026190

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2026/V34/I7/26190

图/表 8

图1 研究区的月降水量和平均气温

Fig. 1 Monthly precipitation and mean air temperature in the study area

图2 不同氮添加水平下凋落物层线虫群落组成。(a) 2015年; (b) 2016年。N0、N1、N2和N3表示氮的添加量分别为0、25、50和100 kg N·ha−1·yr−1。S1: 丽突属; S2: 拟丽突属; S3: 粒属; S4: 滑刃属; S5: 真滑刃属; S6: 孔咽属; S7: 双垫刃属; S8: 短咽属; S9: 广杆属; S10: 头垫刃属; S11: 头叶属; S12: 鹿角唇属; S13: 板唇属; S14: 克拉克属; S15: 钩唇属; S16: 双杆属; S17: 盘咽属; S18: 矛线属; S19: 真头叶属; S20: 真矛线属; S21: 丝尾垫刃属; S22: 长针属; S23: 中杆属; S24: 单齿属; S25: 伪垫刃属; S26: 瓣唇属; S27: 盆咽属; S28: 拟长针属; S29: 短体属; S30: 原杆属; S31: 裸矛属; S32: 穿孔属; S33: 小杆属; S34: 毛刺属; S35: 矮化属; S36: 垫刃属; S37: 剑属。

Fig. 2 Nematode community composition in the litter layer under different nitrogen addition levels. (a) In the 2015 sampling year; (b) In the 2016 sampling year. N0, N1, N2, and N3 represent nitrogen addition rates of 0, 25, 50, and 100 kg N‧ha−1‧yr−1, respectively. S1, Acrobeles; S2, Acrobeloides; S3, Anguina; S4, Aphelenchoides; S5, Aphelenchus; S6, Aporcelaimus; S7, Bitylenchus; S8, Brevibucca; S9, Caenorhabditis; S10, Cephalenchus; S11, Cephalobus; S12, Cervidellus; S13, Chiloplacus; S14, Clarkus; S15, Diplogaster; S16, Diploscapter; S17, Discolaimus; S18, Dorylaimus; S19, Eucephalobus; S20, Eudorylaimus; S21, Filenchus; S22, Longidorus; S23, Mesorhabditis; S24, Mononchus; S25, Nothotylenchus; S26, Panagrobelus; S27, Panagrolaimus; S28, Paralongidorus; S29, Pratylenchus; S30, Protorhabditis; S31, Psilenchus; S32, Radopholus; S33, Rhabditis; S34, Trichodorus; S35, Tylenchorhynchus; S36, Tylenchus; S37, Xiphinema.

图3 不同氮添加水平下土壤表层(0-10 cm)线虫群落组成。(a) 2015年; (b) 2016年。N0、N1、N2和N3表示氮的添加量分别为0、25、50和100 kg N∙ha-1∙yr-1。S1: 丽突属; S2: 拟丽突属; S3: 滑刃属; S4: 真滑刃属; S5: 孔咽属; S6: 轮属; S7: 锥属; S8: 矛线属; S9: 真头叶属; S10: 丝尾垫刃属; S11: 细针属; S12: 长针属; S13: 伪垫刃属; S14: 盆咽属; S15: 短体属; S16: 裸矛属; S17: 小杆属; S18: 毛刺属; S19: 矮化属; S20: 垫刃属; S21: 剑属。

Fig. 3 Nematode community composition in the surface soil layer (0-10 cm) under different nitrogen addition levels. (a) In the 2015 sampling year; (b) In the 2016 sampling year. N0, N1, N2, and N3 represent nitrogen addition rates of 0, 25, 50, and 100 kg N∙ha-1∙yr-1, respectively. S1, Acrobeles; S2, Acrobeloides; S3, Aphelenchoides; S4, Aphelenchus; S5, Aporcelaimus; S6, Criconemoides; S7, Discolaimus; S8, Dorylaimus; S9, Eucephalobus; S10, Filenchus; S11, Gracilacus; S12, Longidorus; S13, Nothotylenchus; S14, Panagrolaimus; S15, Pratylenchus; S16, Psilenchus; S17, Rhabditis; S18, Trichodorus; S19, Tylenchorhynchus; S20, Tylenchus; S21, Xiphinema.

表1 2015年和2016年不同氮添加水平下线虫群落多样性和生态指数

Table 1 Nematode community diversity and ecological indices under different nitrogen addition levels in 2015 and 2016

	2015				2016
	N0	N1	N2	N3	N0	N1	N2	N3
凋落物层 Litter layer
Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	1.99 ± 0.16^a	2.14 ± 0.05^a	1.95 ± 0.13^a	2.10 ± 0.23^a	1.50 ± 0.25^b	1.48 ± 0.17^b	1.75 ± 0.29^ab	1.92 ± 0.12^a
Margalef丰富度指数 Margalef richness index	2.02 ± 0.42^a	2.01 ± 0.29^a	1.92 ± 0.28^a	2.13 ± 0.38^a	1.27 ± 0.36^bc	1.16 ± 0.21^c	1.56 ± 0.31^ab	1.85 ± 0.09^a
Simpson优势度指数 Simpson dominance index	0.80 ± 0.04^a	0.84 ± 0.01^a	0.80 ± 0.03^a	0.83 ± 0.05^a	0.71 ± 0.06^b	0.71 ± 0.05^b	0.77 ± 0.07^ab	0.81 ± 0.03^a
Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index	0.80 ± 0.05^ab	0.83 ± 0.02^a	0.74 ± 0.05^b	0.81 ± 0.05^a	0.71 ± 0.07^a	0.69 ± 0.06^a	0.73 ± 0.06^a	0.73 ± 0.06^a
成熟度指数 Maturity index	1.89 ± 0.10^a	1.84 ± 0.05^a	1.75 ± 0.14^a	1.89 ± 0.07^a	1.97 ± 0.13^a	1.92 ± 0.06^a	1.85 ± 0.11^a	1.67 ± 0.09^b
植物寄生性指数 Plant parasitism index	3.68 ± 0.27^a	4.01 ± 0.47^a	3.46 ± 0.30^a	3.55 ± 0.20^a	3.00 ± 0.68^a	3.00 ± 0.01^a	3.18 ± 0.48^a	2.99 ± 0.22^a
通道指数 Channel index	49.85 ± 18.56^a	36.97 ± 6.82^a	32.05 ± 20.07^a	50.71 ± 26.26^a	69.98 ± 20.60^a	58.35 ± 12.04^ab	48.29 ± 26.35^bc	24.55 ± 8.30^c
基础指数 Basal index	39.39 ± 7.87^a	36.63 ± 6.05^a	33.49 ± 12.20^a	45.69 ± 14.39^a	44.05 ± 7.43^a	41.93 ± 5.87^a	38.29 ± 10.77^ab	27.51 ± 4.97^b
富集指数 Enrichment index	58.64 ± 8.55^a	61.93 ± 5.90^a	65.95 ± 11.87^a	53.04 ± 13.73^a	53.12 ± 8.97^b	56.29 ± 6.63^b	60.76 ± 10.57^ab	72.27 ± 5.15^a
结构指数 Structure index	10.22 ± 9.68^a	9.38 ± 9.80^a	6.00 ± 8.30^a	7.65 ± 10.56^a	10.20 ± 6.94^a	8.23 ± 4.72^a	7.33 ± 7.90^a	2.37 ± 2.36^a
土壤表层 Surface soil layer
Shannon-Wiener 多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	2.04 ± 0.14^a	1.92 ± 0.26^a	2.11 ± 0.22^a	1.93 ± 0.12^a	1.53 ± 0.26^ab	1.33 ± 0.28^b	1.73 ± 0.33^a	1.57 ± 0.23^ab
Margalef丰富度指数 Margalef richness index	2.20 ± 0.39^a	1.69 ± 0.33^a	2.07 ± 0.55^a	1.87 ± 0.31^a	1.34 ± 0.16^a	1.14 ± 0.27^a	1.51 ± 0.29^a	1.21 ± 0.29^a
Simpson优势度指数 Simpson dominance index	0.81 ± 0.03^a	0.80 ± 0.06^a	0.84 ± 0.04^a	0.81 ± 0.02^a	0.69 ± 0.11^a	0.62 ± 0.10^a	0.75 ± 0.11^a	0.74 ± 0.07^a
Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index	0.79 ± 0.03^a	0.81 ± 0.06^a	0.84 ± 0.03^a	0.81 ± 0.04^a	0.80 ± 0.10^a	0.76 ± 0.08^a	0.84 ± 0.10^a	0.85 ± 0.06^a
成熟度指数 Maturity index	1.97 ± 0.02^a	1.98 ± 0.02^a	1.99 ± 0.02^a	1.91 ± 0.09^a	2.33 ± 0.38^a	2.00 ± 0.10^a	2.10 ± 0.12^a	2.03 ± 0.24^a
植物寄生性指数 Plant parasitism index	3.49 ± 0.35^a	2.82 ± 0.13^b	3.44 ± 0.41^a	3.63 ± 0.34^a	3.13 ± 0.73^a	3.37 ± 0.56^a	2.97 ± 0.45^a	3.15 ± 0.89^a
通道指数 Channel index	74.75 ± 15.07^a	78.84 ± 20.52^a	77.56 ± 33.18^a	63.94 ± 32.99^a	70.67 ± 40.44^a	66.67 ± 36.75^a	15.08 ± 20.56^a	42.22 ± 52.94^a
基础指数 Basal index	70.41 ± 1.64^a	79.75 ± 7.57^a	76.88 ± 5.57^a	61.77 ± 20.84^a	45.89 ± 14.14^b	76.48 ± 16.19^a	39.88 ± 2.63^b	41.19 ± 19.41^b
富集指数 Enrichment index	29.59 ± 1.66^a	20.25 ± 7.67^a	23.12 ± 5.37^a	38.23 ± 22.84^a	26.98 ± 12.16^a	19.71 ± 15.53^a	45.80 ± 7.78^a	43.50 ± 31.66^a
结构指数 Structure index	13.72 ± 23.05^a	5.16 ± 11.23^a	7.27 ± 8.47^a	15.10 ± 9.49^a	41.54 ± 19.87^a	5.00 ± 11.18^b	38.26 ± 7.92^a	33.60 ± 21.51^a

表1 2015年和2016年不同氮添加水平下线虫群落多样性和生态指数

Table 1 Nematode community diversity and ecological indices under different nitrogen addition levels in 2015 and 2016

	2015				2016
	N0	N1	N2	N3	N0	N1	N2	N3
凋落物层 Litter layer
Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	1.99 ± 0.16^a	2.14 ± 0.05^a	1.95 ± 0.13^a	2.10 ± 0.23^a	1.50 ± 0.25^b	1.48 ± 0.17^b	1.75 ± 0.29^ab	1.92 ± 0.12^a
Margalef丰富度指数 Margalef richness index	2.02 ± 0.42^a	2.01 ± 0.29^a	1.92 ± 0.28^a	2.13 ± 0.38^a	1.27 ± 0.36^bc	1.16 ± 0.21^c	1.56 ± 0.31^ab	1.85 ± 0.09^a
Simpson优势度指数 Simpson dominance index	0.80 ± 0.04^a	0.84 ± 0.01^a	0.80 ± 0.03^a	0.83 ± 0.05^a	0.71 ± 0.06^b	0.71 ± 0.05^b	0.77 ± 0.07^ab	0.81 ± 0.03^a
Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index	0.80 ± 0.05^ab	0.83 ± 0.02^a	0.74 ± 0.05^b	0.81 ± 0.05^a	0.71 ± 0.07^a	0.69 ± 0.06^a	0.73 ± 0.06^a	0.73 ± 0.06^a
成熟度指数 Maturity index	1.89 ± 0.10^a	1.84 ± 0.05^a	1.75 ± 0.14^a	1.89 ± 0.07^a	1.97 ± 0.13^a	1.92 ± 0.06^a	1.85 ± 0.11^a	1.67 ± 0.09^b
植物寄生性指数 Plant parasitism index	3.68 ± 0.27^a	4.01 ± 0.47^a	3.46 ± 0.30^a	3.55 ± 0.20^a	3.00 ± 0.68^a	3.00 ± 0.01^a	3.18 ± 0.48^a	2.99 ± 0.22^a
通道指数 Channel index	49.85 ± 18.56^a	36.97 ± 6.82^a	32.05 ± 20.07^a	50.71 ± 26.26^a	69.98 ± 20.60^a	58.35 ± 12.04^ab	48.29 ± 26.35^bc	24.55 ± 8.30^c
基础指数 Basal index	39.39 ± 7.87^a	36.63 ± 6.05^a	33.49 ± 12.20^a	45.69 ± 14.39^a	44.05 ± 7.43^a	41.93 ± 5.87^a	38.29 ± 10.77^ab	27.51 ± 4.97^b
富集指数 Enrichment index	58.64 ± 8.55^a	61.93 ± 5.90^a	65.95 ± 11.87^a	53.04 ± 13.73^a	53.12 ± 8.97^b	56.29 ± 6.63^b	60.76 ± 10.57^ab	72.27 ± 5.15^a
结构指数 Structure index	10.22 ± 9.68^a	9.38 ± 9.80^a	6.00 ± 8.30^a	7.65 ± 10.56^a	10.20 ± 6.94^a	8.23 ± 4.72^a	7.33 ± 7.90^a	2.37 ± 2.36^a
土壤表层 Surface soil layer
Shannon-Wiener 多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	2.04 ± 0.14^a	1.92 ± 0.26^a	2.11 ± 0.22^a	1.93 ± 0.12^a	1.53 ± 0.26^ab	1.33 ± 0.28^b	1.73 ± 0.33^a	1.57 ± 0.23^ab
Margalef丰富度指数 Margalef richness index	2.20 ± 0.39^a	1.69 ± 0.33^a	2.07 ± 0.55^a	1.87 ± 0.31^a	1.34 ± 0.16^a	1.14 ± 0.27^a	1.51 ± 0.29^a	1.21 ± 0.29^a
Simpson优势度指数 Simpson dominance index	0.81 ± 0.03^a	0.80 ± 0.06^a	0.84 ± 0.04^a	0.81 ± 0.02^a	0.69 ± 0.11^a	0.62 ± 0.10^a	0.75 ± 0.11^a	0.74 ± 0.07^a
Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index	0.79 ± 0.03^a	0.81 ± 0.06^a	0.84 ± 0.03^a	0.81 ± 0.04^a	0.80 ± 0.10^a	0.76 ± 0.08^a	0.84 ± 0.10^a	0.85 ± 0.06^a
成熟度指数 Maturity index	1.97 ± 0.02^a	1.98 ± 0.02^a	1.99 ± 0.02^a	1.91 ± 0.09^a	2.33 ± 0.38^a	2.00 ± 0.10^a	2.10 ± 0.12^a	2.03 ± 0.24^a
植物寄生性指数 Plant parasitism index	3.49 ± 0.35^a	2.82 ± 0.13^b	3.44 ± 0.41^a	3.63 ± 0.34^a	3.13 ± 0.73^a	3.37 ± 0.56^a	2.97 ± 0.45^a	3.15 ± 0.89^a
通道指数 Channel index	74.75 ± 15.07^a	78.84 ± 20.52^a	77.56 ± 33.18^a	63.94 ± 32.99^a	70.67 ± 40.44^a	66.67 ± 36.75^a	15.08 ± 20.56^a	42.22 ± 52.94^a
基础指数 Basal index	70.41 ± 1.64^a	79.75 ± 7.57^a	76.88 ± 5.57^a	61.77 ± 20.84^a	45.89 ± 14.14^b	76.48 ± 16.19^a	39.88 ± 2.63^b	41.19 ± 19.41^b
富集指数 Enrichment index	29.59 ± 1.66^a	20.25 ± 7.67^a	23.12 ± 5.37^a	38.23 ± 22.84^a	26.98 ± 12.16^a	19.71 ± 15.53^a	45.80 ± 7.78^a	43.50 ± 31.66^a
结构指数 Structure index	13.72 ± 23.05^a	5.16 ± 11.23^a	7.27 ± 8.47^a	15.10 ± 9.49^a	41.54 ± 19.87^a	5.00 ± 11.18^b	38.26 ± 7.92^a	33.60 ± 21.51^a

图4 氮添加对线虫群落生物量和代谢足迹的影响。N0、N1、N2和N3表示氮的添加量分别为0、25、50和100 kg N∙ha-1∙yr-1。不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)。

Fig. 4 Nematode community biomass and metabolic footprint under different nitrogen addition levels. N0, N1, N2, and N3 represent nitrogen addition rates of 0, 25, 50, and 100 kg N∙ha-1∙yr-1, respectively. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments at the P < 0.05 level.

图5 凋落物层线虫群落组成与环境因子关系的冗余分析二维排序图。AI: 干燥度指数; LCN: 凋落物碳氮比; LC: 凋落物碳含量; LN: 凋落物氮含量; LpH: 凋落物pH; AB: 植物地上生物量; LB: 凋落物生物量; SR: 植物物种丰富度。1: 丽突属; 2: 拟丽突属; 3: 粒属; 4: 滑刃属; 5: 真滑刃属; 6: 孔咽属; 7: 双垫刃属; 8: 短咽属; 9: 广杆属; 10: 头垫刃属; 11: 头叶属; 12: 鹿角唇属; 13: 板唇属; 14: 克拉克属; 15: 钩唇属; 16: 双杆属; 17: 盘咽属; 18: 矛线属; 19: 真头叶属; 20: 真矛线属; 21: 丝尾垫刃属; 22: 长针属; 23: 中杆属; 24: 单齿属; 25: 伪垫刃属; 26: 瓣唇属; 27: 盆咽属; 28: 拟长针属; 29: 短体属; 30: 原杆属; 31: 裸矛属; 32: 穿孔属; 33: 小杆属; 34: 毛刺属; 35: 矮化属; 36: 垫刃属; 37: 剑属。

Fig. 5 Two-dimensional redundancy analysis ordination diagram showing the relationship between nematode community composition in the litter layer and environmental factors. AI, Aridity index; LCN, Litter carbon-to-nitrogen ratio; LC, Litter carbon content; LN, Litter nitrogen content; LpH, Litter pH; AB, Aboveground plant biomass; LB, Litter biomass; SR, Plant species richness. 1, Acrobeles; 2, Acrobeloides; 3, Anguina; 4, Aphelenchoides; 5, Aphelenchus; 6, Aporcelaimus; 7, Bitylenchus; 8, Brevibucca; 9, Caenorhabditis; 10, Cephalenchus; 11, Cephalobus; 12, Cervidellus; 13, Chiloplacus; 14, Clarkus; 15, Diplogaster; 16, Diploscapter; 17, Discolaimus; 18, Dorylaimus; 19, Eucephalobus; 20, Eudorylaimus; 21, Filenchus; 22, Longidorus; 23, Mesorhabditis; 24, Mononchus; 25, Nothotylenchus; 26, Panagrobelus; 27, Panagrolaimus; 28, Paralongidorus; 29, Pratylenchus; 30, Protorhabditis; 31, Psilenchus; 32, Radopholus; 33, Rhabditis; 34, Trichodorus; 35, Tylenchorhynchus; 36, Tylenchus; 37, Xiphinema.

图6 土壤表层线虫群落组成与环境因子关系的冗余分析二维排序图。AI: 干燥度指数; AB: 植物地上生物量; SW: 土壤含水量; SOC: 土壤有机碳含量; SNO: 土壤硝态氮含量; pH: 土壤pH; SNH: 土壤铵态氮含量; TN: 土壤总氮含量; TC: 土壤总碳含量; TCN: 土壤碳氮比。1: 丽突属; 2: 拟丽突属; 3: 滑刃属; 4: 真滑刃属; 5: 孔咽属; 6: 轮属; 7: 锥属; 8: 矛线属; 9: 真头叶属; 10: 丝尾垫刃属; 11: 细针属; 12: 长针属; 13: 伪垫刃属; 14: 盆咽属; 15: 短体属; 16: 裸矛属; 17: 小杆属; 18: 毛刺属; 19: 矮化属; 20: 垫刃属; 21: 剑属。

Fig. 6 Two-dimensional redundancy analysis ordination diagram showing the relationship between nematode community composition in the surface soil layer and environmental factors. AI, Aridity index; AB, Aboveground plant biomass; SW, Soil water content; SOC, Soil organic carbon content; SNO, Soil nitrate nitrogen content; pH, Soil pH; SNH, Soil ammonium nitrogen content; TN, Soil total nitrogen content; TC, Soil total carbon content; TCN, Soil C/N ratio. 1, Acrobeles; 2, Acrobeloides; 3, Aphelenchoides; 4, Aphelenchus; 5, Aporcelaimus; 6, Criconemoides; 7, Discolaimus; 8, Dorylaimus; 9, Eucephalobus; 10, Filenchus; 11, Gracilacus; 12, Longidorus; 13, Nothotylenchus; 14, Panagrolaimus; 15, Pratylenchus; 16, Psilenchus; 17, Rhabditis; 18, Trichodorus; 19, Tylenchorhynchus; 20, Tylenchus; 21, Xiphinema.

表2 环境因子对线虫群落组成的相对贡献偏冗余分析

Table 2 Partial redundancy analysis showing the relative contributions of environmental factors to nematode community composition

分布层 Distribution layer	变量 Variable	贡献率 Contribution (%)	F	P
凋落物层 Litter layer	干燥度指数 Aridity index (AI)	22.4	10.980	0.002
	凋落物碳氮比 Litter C/N ratio (LCN)	8.6	4.606	0.018
	凋落物氮含量 Litter nitrogen content (LN)	8.2	4.927	0.022
	凋落物碳含量 Litter carbon content (LC)	2.8	1.544	0.154
	凋落物pH Litter pH (LpH)	1.6	0.970	0.380
	植物地上生物量 Aboveground plant biomass (AB)	1.0	0.606	0.616
	凋落物生物量 Litter biomass (LB)	0.8	0.464	0.726
	植物物种丰富度 Plant species richness (SR)	0.5	0.307	0.848
土壤表层 Soil surface layer	干燥度指数 Aridity index (AI)	36.0	21.392	0.002
	土壤含水量 Soil water content (SW)	4.6	2.879	0.030
	植物地上生物量 Aboveground plant biomass (AB)	4.3	2.801	0.038
	土壤有机碳含量 Soil organic carbon content (SOC)	2.9	1.976	0.096
	土壤硝态氮含量 Soil nitrate nitrogen content (SNO)	2.1	1.438	0.210
	土壤pH Soil pH (pH)	1.3	0.873	0.468
	土壤铵态氮含量 Soil ammonium nitrogen content (SNH)	1.0	0.705	0.550
	土壤总氮含量 Soil total nitrogen content (TN)	0.7	0.430	0.842
	土壤总碳含量 Soil total carbon content (TC)	0.7	0.476	0.754
	土壤碳氮比 Soil C/N ratio (TCN)	0.9	0.594	0.614

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氮添加对内蒙古典型草原线虫群落结构及生态指数的影响

Effects of nitrogen addition on nematode community structure and ecological indices in a typical steppe of Inner Mongolia

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