四川省繁殖鸟类群落的多维度多样性及其影响因子

doi:10.17520/biods.2025464

生物多样性 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 25464. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025464 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2025464

• 研究报告: 动物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

四川省繁殖鸟类群落的多维度多样性及其影响因子

王露红¹^,²^,^#, 李波³^,^#, 杨攀艳⁴, 黄嘉琴¹^,², 谢予婷¹^,², 杜鑫⁵, 文毅⁵, 王彬¹^,⁶^,^*()()

¹ 西华师范大学西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室, 四川南充 637009
² 西华师范大学生命科学学院, 四川南充 637009
³ 四川省生态环境监测总站, 成都 610074
⁴ 四川卧龙国家级自然保护区管理局, 四川汶川 623006
⁵ 四川省南充生态环境监测中心站, 四川南充 637000
⁶ 西华师范大学生态研究院, 四川南充 637009

收稿日期:2025-11-20 接受日期:2026-01-22 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2026-05-28
通讯作者: 王彬
作者简介:第一联系人：^#共同第一作者
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(32571933);西华师范大学科研创新团队(KCXTD2024-5);四川省生态环境保护科技项目计划(2023HB29)

Effects of ecological factors on the multidimensional diversity of breeding birds communities in Sichuan Province

Luhong Wang¹^,²^,^#, Bo Li³^,^#, Panyan Yang⁴, Jiaqin Huang¹^,², Yuting Xie¹^,², Xin Du⁵, Yi Wen⁵, Bin Wang¹^,⁶^,^*()()

¹ Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation of Ministry of Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China
² College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China
³ Sichuan Provincial Ecological Environment Monitoring Centre, Chengdu 610074, China
⁴ Wolong National Nature Reserve Administration Bureau, Wenchuan, Sichuan 623006, China
⁵ Sichuan Provincial Nanchong Ecological Environment Monitoring Centre, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
⁶ Institute of Ecology, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China

Received:2025-11-20 Accepted:2026-01-22 Online:2026-04-20 Published:2026-05-28
Contact: Bin Wang
About author:First author contact:^#Co-first authors
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32571933);the Innovation Team Funds of China West Normal University(KCXTD2024-5);Sichuan Provincial Project on Ecological and Environmental Protection Science and Technology(2023HB29)

1. 附录.pdf(314KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

不同维度的生物多样性通常具有不同的时空格局和塑造机制, 从多个维度研究鸟类多样性格局对于全面了解群落的维持和调控机制具有重要意义。四川省自然环境复杂, 野生鸟种数位居全国第二, 具有极高的鸟类多样性, 但不同维度的鸟类多样性空间格局及其关键影响因子尚不明晰。本研究基于2023-2024年四川省分层抽样的288个野外样地调查数据, 分别计算了繁殖鸟类群落的分类、功能与系统发育多样性, 采用广义线性模型分析了气候、生境和人类活动等因子对各维度多样性的影响。结果表明: 分类多样性主要受生境和气候影响, 与样地中的森林、水体及耕地占比显著正相关, 与年降水量显著负相关; 功能多样性受气候和生境共同影响, 与降水变异系数、土地利用类型多样性和耕地占比显著正相关, 与年均温显著负相关; 系统发育多样性同时受气候、生境和人类活动影响, 与年均温显著正相关, 与森林占比和人类足迹指数显著负相关。本研究发现, 繁殖鸟类群落的分类、功能和系统发育多样性由不同的生态因子主导, 相同因子对不同维度的影响兼具一致和相反的效应。整合分类、功能和系统发育多样性的多维视角有助于更全面地理解群落结构特征及其维持机制, 进而为区域鸟类多样性保护提供科学依据。

关键词: 分类多样性, 功能多样性, 系统发育多样性, 影响因子, 广义线性模型

Abstract

Aim: Spatial and temporal patterns of different dimensions of biodiversity are often mismatched, with distinct underlying shaping mechanisms. Studying bird diversity patterns along multiple dimensions is thus important for a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms that maintain and regulate communities. Sichuan Province, characterized by its complex natural environments and exceptionally high avian diversity, ranks second in China in terms of wild bird species richness. However, the spatial distribution patterns of bird diversity across different dimensions and their key driving factors in the region remain unclear.
Methods: Based on survey data from 288 sites collected through stratified sampling throughout Sichuan Province from 2023 to 2024, we calculated the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of breeding bird communities. We used generalized linear models to analyze the relative effects of climatic, habitat, and human activity factors on each dimension of community diversity.
Results: Taxonomic diversity was primarily influenced by habitat and climatic factors. It was significantly and positively correlated with the proportions of forest, water bodies, and cropland within the plots, while significantly and negatively correlated with annual precipitation. Functional diversity was affected by climatic and habitat factors, and was positively associated with precipitation variability, the Shannon index of the land-use types, and cropland proportion, and negatively associated with mean annual temperature. Phylogenetic diversity was influenced by climate, habitat, and human activities jointly, showing a significant positive correlation with mean annual temperature, and negative correlations with forest proportion and the human footprint index.
Conclusion: This study reveals that taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of breeding bird communities are shaped by different ecological factors, with some factors exerting consistent effects across different dimensions and others having contrasting effects. Integrating taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic perspectives provides a more comprehensive understanding of community structure and its maintenance mechanisms, and offers a scientific basis for regional bird diversity conservation.

Key words: taxonomic diversity, functional diversity, phylogenetic diversity, influencing factor, generalized linear models

王露红, 李波, 杨攀艳, 黄嘉琴, 谢予婷, 杜鑫, 文毅, 王彬 (2026) 四川省繁殖鸟类群落的多维度多样性及其影响因子. 生物多样性, 34, 25464. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025464.

Luhong Wang, Bo Li, Panyan Yang, Jiaqin Huang, Yuting Xie, Xin Du, Yi Wen, Bin Wang (2026) Effects of ecological factors on the multidimensional diversity of breeding birds communities in Sichuan Province. Biodiversity Science, 34, 25464. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025464.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2025464

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2026/V34/I4/25464

图/表 7

表1 四川省繁殖鸟类各目物种数

Table 1 Number of species by order of breeding birds in Sichuan Province

目名 Order	科数 No. of families	种数 No. of species	占比 Percentage
雀形目 Passeriformes	32	251	65.9%
鹰形目 Accipitriformes	1	18	4.7%
鸻形目 Charadriiformes	6	16	4.2%
鸡形目 Galliformes	1	14	3.7%
雁形目 Anseriformes	1	13	3.4%
鹈形目 Pelecaniformes	1	11	2.9%
啄木鸟目 Piciformes	2	9	2.4%
佛法僧目 Coraciiformes	3	8	2.1%
鸽形目 Columbiformes	1	8	2.1%
鹤形目 Gruiformes	2	7	1.8%
鹃形目 Cuculiformes	1	7	1.8%
雨燕目 Apodiformes	1	4	1.0%
䴙䴘目 Podicipediformes	1	3	0.8%
隼形目 Falconiformes	1	3	0.8%
鸮形目 Strigiformes	1	3	0.8%
鹳形目 Ciconiiformes	1	2	0.5%
鲣鸟目 Suliformes	1	1	0.3%
犀鸟目 Bucerotiformes	1	1	0.3%
夜鹰目 Caprimulgiformes	1	1	0.3%
鹦鹉目 Psittaciformes	1	1	0.3%
总计 Total	60	381	100.0%

图1 四川省繁殖鸟类群落分类多样性(物种丰富度)的空间分布格局(a)和不同生态因子对分类多样性影响的广义线性回归模型结果(b), 其中展示了模型平均后的标准化系数估计值及其95%置信区间。

Fig. 1 Spatial distribution patterns of taxonomic diversity (species richness) of breeding bird communities in Sichuan Province (a) and the effects of different ecological factors on taxonomic diversity estimated by generalized linear regression models (b), showing the model-averaged standardized coefficient estimates and their 95% confidence intervals.

图2 四川省繁殖鸟类群落功能多样性(功能多样性标准化效应量, SES.FD)的空间分布格局(a)和不同生态因子对功能多样性影响的广义线性回归模型结果(b), 其中展示了模型平均后的标准化系数估计值及其95%置信区间。

Fig. 2 Spatial distribution patterns of functional diversity (standardized effect size of functional diversity, SES.FD) of breeding bird communities in Sichuan Province (a) and the effects of different ecological factors on functional diversity estimated by generalized linear regression models (b), showing the model-averaged standardized coefficient estimates and their 95% confidence intervals.

图3 四川省繁殖鸟类群落系统发育多样性(系统发育多样性标准化效应量, SES.PD)的空间分布格局(a)和不同生态因子对系统发育多样性影响的广义线性回归模型结果(b), 其中展示了模型平均后的标准化系数估计值及其95%置信区间。

Fig. 3 Spatial distribution patterns of phylogenetic diversity (standardized effect size of phylogenetic diversity, SES.PD) of breeding bird communities in Sichuan Province (a) and the effects of different ecological factors on phylogenetic diversity estimated by generalized linear regression models (b), showing the model-averaged standardized coefficient estimates and their 95% confidence intervals.

图4 四川省繁殖鸟类中非迁徙繁殖鸟类群落分类多样性(物种丰富度)的空间分布格局(a)和不同生态因子对分类多样性影响的广义线性回归模型结果(b), 其中展示了模型平均后的标准化系数估计值及其95%置信区间。

Fig. 4 Spatial distribution patterns of taxonomic diversity (species richness) of breeding non-migratory bird communities in Sichuan Province (a) and the effects of different ecological factors on taxonomic diversity estimated by generalized linear regression models (b), showing the model-averaged standardized coefficient estimates and their 95% confidence intervals.

图5 四川省繁殖鸟类中非迁徙繁殖鸟类群落功能多样性(功能多样性标准化效应量, SES.FD)的空间分布格局(a)和不同生态因子对功能多样性影响的广义线性回归模型结果(b), 其中展示了模型平均后的标准化系数估计值及其95%置信区间。

Fig. 5 Spatial distribution patterns of functional diversity (standardized effect size of functional diversity, SES.FD) of breeding non-migratory bird communities in Sichuan Province (a) and the effects of different ecological factors on functional diversity estimated by generalized linear regression models (b), showing the model-averaged standardized coefficient estimates and their 95% confidence intervals.

图6 四川省繁殖鸟类中非迁徙繁殖鸟类群落系统发育多样性(系统发育多样性标准化效应量, SES.PD)的空间分布格局(a)和不同生态因子对系统发育多样性影响的广义线性回归模型结果(b), 其中展示了模型平均后的标准化系数估计值及其95%置信区间。

Fig. 6 Spatial distribution patterns of phylogenetic diversity (standardized effect size of phylogenetic diversity, SES.PD) of breeding non-migratory bird communities in Sichuan Province (a) and the effects of different ecological factors on phylogenetic diversity estimated by generalized linear regression models (b), showing the model-averaged standardized coefficient estimates and their 95% confidence intervals.

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四川省繁殖鸟类群落的多维度多样性及其影响因子

Effects of ecological factors on the multidimensional diversity of breeding birds communities in Sichuan Province

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