海南省陆生哺乳动物物种多样性

doi:10.17520/biods.2025044

生物多样性 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8): 25044. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025044 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2025044

海南省陆生哺乳动物物种多样性

杨洋, 邹睿, 谯娅琴, 孟想, 涂飞云^*()()

热带岛屿生态学教育部重点实验室, 海南省热带动植物生态学重点实验室, 海南师范大学生命科学学院, 海口 571158

收稿日期:2025-02-03 接受日期:2025-06-27 出版日期:2025-08-20 发布日期:2025-09-17
通讯作者: *E-mail: tfy@hainnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
海南省自然科学基金(323MS037);海南省自然科学基金(321RC544)

The species diversity of terrestrial mammals in Hainan Province, China

Yang Yang, Rui Zou, Yaqin Qiao, Xiang Meng, Feiyun Tu^*()()

Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China

Received:2025-02-03 Accepted:2025-06-27 Online:2025-08-20 Published:2025-09-17
Contact: *E-mail: tfy@hainnu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(323MS037);Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(321RC544)

1. 附录.pdf(748KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了系统梳理海南陆生哺乳动物物种多样性, 厘定某些物种的分类地位, 并为海南生物多样性保护和管理提供科学参考, 有必要更新海南陆生哺乳动物多样性编目。本研究系统收集了近几十年来海南陆生哺乳动物分布的文献资料, 结合野外实地调查数据及红外相机监测数据, 参考最新哺乳动物资料《中国兽类名录(2024版)》以及《中国哺乳动物多样性: 编目、分布与保护》, 对海南省陆生哺乳动物物种多样性进行系统梳理。主要研究结果如下: (1)海南陆生哺乳动物物种有97种, 隶属9目26科61属。其中以翼手目占优势, 其次是啮齿目。(2)此97种陆生哺乳动物中, 国家一级保护野生动物有6种, 国家二级保护野生动物有11种, 海南特有种有7种, 根据IUCN红色名录(2021年), 濒危等级分别为极危(CR) 2种、濒危(EN) 3种、易危(VU) 5种、近危(NT) 6种, 共有10种属于受威胁物种。(3)从区系上看, 东洋界85种, 古北界9种, 广布种3种, 其中东洋界占海南陆生哺乳动物种数的87.63%, 占绝对优势。(4)与2009年《海南岛兽类名录整理》相比, 本次陆生哺乳动物名录新增22种: 南洋鼠(Chiromyscus langbians)、笔尾树鼠(Chiropodomys gliroides)、黑缘齿鼠(Rattus andamanensis)、缅鼠(R. exulans)、华南中麝鼩(Crocidura rapax)、大长舌果蝠(Eonycteris spelaea)、印度假吸血蝠(Lyroderma lyra)、小蹄蝠(Hipposideros pomona)、普氏蹄蝠(H. pratti)、短翼菊头蝠(Rhinolophus shortridgei)、亚洲长翼蝠(Miniopterus fuliginosus)、暗褐彩蝠(Kerivoula furva)、毛翼蝠(Harpiocephalus harpia)、金管鼻蝠(Murina aurata)、艾氏管鼻蝠(M. eleryi)、哈氏管鼻蝠(M. harrisoni)、中华鼠耳蝠(Myotis chinensis)、大卫鼠耳蝠(M. davidii)、霍氏鼠耳蝠(M. horsfieldii)、高颅鼠耳蝠(M. siligorensis)、普通伏翼(Pipistrellus pipistrellus)、侏伏翼(P. tenuis), 保留物种75种。本研究对海南省陆生哺乳动物物种名录进行了梳理和更新, 为海南省野生动物保护与管理提供了支撑。

关键词: 海南, 陆生哺乳动物, 物种多样性, 区系

Abstract

Aims: This study aims to systematically compile the species diversity of terrestrial mammals in Hainan Province, clarify the taxonomic status of certain species, and provide scientific references for the conservation and management of biodiversity in Hainan Province.

Methods: We systematically collected literature data on the classification and distribution of terrestrial mammals in Hainan Province over the past few decades. The study integrated field survey data, infrared camera monitoring data, and refers to the most recent references, including the Catalogue of Mammals in China (2024) and Diversity of China’s Mammals Inventory, Distribution and Conservation.

Results: The main results are as follows: (1) A total of 97 species of terrestrial mammals in Hainan Province, belonging to 9 orders, 26 families, and 61 genera. Chiroptera dominates, followed by Rodentia. (2) Among the 97 species, 6 are first-class nationally protected wild mammals, and 11 are second-class national protection. Additionally, 7 species are endemic to Hainan Province. According to the IUCN Red List (2021), 2 species are Critically Endangered (CR), 3 are Endangered (EN), 5 are Vulnerable (VU), and 6 are Near Threatened (NT). (3) From the perspective of faunal regions, 85 species belong to the Oriental realm, 9 species belong to the Palearctic realm, and 3 species are widely distributed. The Oriental realm accounts for 87.63% of the terrestrial mammal species in Hainan, showing absolute dominance. (4) A comparison with the 2009 revision of the mammal catalog of Hainan Island reveals 22 newly added species, including Chiromyscus langbians, Chiropodomys gliroides, Rattus andamanensis, R. exulans, Crocidura rapax, Eonycteris spelaea, Lyroderma lyra, Hipposideros pomona, H. pratti, Rhinolophus shortridgei, Miniopterus fuliginosus, Kerivoula furva, Harpiocephalus harpia, Murina aurata, M. eleryi, M. harrisoni, Myotis chinensis, M. davidii, M. horsfieldii, M. siligorensis, Pipistrellus pipistrellus, and P. tenuis. In contrast, 75 species listed in the previous catalog have been remained.

Conclusion: Through the compilation and updating of the terrestrial mammal species diversity in Hainan Province, our study provides foundational support for regional wildlife conservation and management efforts.

Key words: Hainan, terrestrial mammal, species diversity, fauna

杨洋, 邹睿, 谯娅琴, 孟想, 涂飞云 (2025) 海南省陆生哺乳动物物种多样性. 生物多样性, 33, 25044. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025044.

Yang Yang, Rui Zou, Yaqin Qiao, Xiang Meng, Feiyun Tu (2025) The species diversity of terrestrial mammals in Hainan Province, China. Biodiversity Science, 33, 25044. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025044.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2025044

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2025/V33/I8/25044

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海南省陆生哺乳动物物种多样性

The species diversity of terrestrial mammals in Hainan Province, China

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编号 No.	中文名 Chinese name	学名 Scientific name
1	南洋鼠	Chiromyscus langbians
2	笔尾树鼠	Chiropodomys gliroides
3	黑缘齿鼠	Rattus andamanensis
4	缅鼠	Rattus exulans
5	华南中麝鼩	Crocidura rapax
6	大长舌果蝠	Eonycteris spelaea
7	印度假吸血蝠	Lyroderma lyra
8	小蹄蝠	Hipposideros pomona
9	普氏蹄蝠	Hipposideros pratti
10	短翼菊头蝠	Rhinolophus shortridgei
11	亚洲长翼蝠	Miniopterus fuliginosus
12	暗褐彩蝠	Kerivoula furva
13	毛翼蝠	Harpiocephalus harpia
14	金管鼻蝠	Murina aurata
15	艾氏管鼻蝠	Murina eleryi
16	哈氏管鼻蝠	Murina harrisoni
17	中华鼠耳蝠	Myotis chinensis
18	大卫鼠耳蝠	Myotis davidii
19	霍氏鼠耳蝠	Myotis horsfieldii
20	高颅鼠耳蝠	Myotis siligorensis
21	普通伏翼	Pipistrellus pipistrellus
22	侏伏翼	Pipistrellus tenuis

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