集成多层次保护对象的潜在保护地识别: 以大理白族自治州为例

doi:10.17520/biods.2025080

生物多样性 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (11): 25080. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025080 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2025080

• 研究报告：生物安全与自然保护 • 上一篇下一篇

集成多层次保护对象的潜在保护地识别: 以大理白族自治州为例

罗金怡¹, 张纪¹, 毕艳玲²^,^*(), 陈哲², 武瑞东¹

¹ 云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院, 昆明 650500
² 云南省林业调查规划院, 昆明 650051

收稿日期:2025-03-11 接受日期:2025-08-04 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-12-26
通讯作者: 毕艳玲
基金资助:
云南省重点研发计划社会发展专项(202403AC100035);国家自然科学基金(32471737);云南大学产教融合研究生联合培养基地项目;云南省教育厅科学研究基金(2025Y0025);云南大学研究生科研创新基金(KC-24249611)

Identifying potential protected areas by integrating multi-faceted conservation features: A case study of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture

Jinyi Luo¹, Ji Zhang¹, Yanling Bi²^,^*(), Zhe Chen², Ruidong Wu¹

¹ Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
² Yunnan Institute of Forest Inventory and Planning, Kunming 650051, China

Received:2025-03-11 Accepted:2025-08-04 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-12-26
Contact: Yanling Bi
Supported by:
Social Development Project for Key Research and Development Program of Yunnan Province(202403AC100035);National Natural Science Foundation of China(32471737);Postgraduate Joint Training Base Project for the Integration of Industry and Education of Yunnan University;Scientific Research Fund of Yunnan Education Department(2025Y0025);Scientific Research and Innovation Project of Postgraduate Students in the Academic Degree of Yunnan University(KC-24249611)

1. 附录.xlsx(148KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

加快推进自然保护地体系建设, 提升保护成效, 是我国生态文明建设的核心任务之一。通过在保护规划中系统整合生态系统类型、物种、生态系统服务和自然遗迹等多层次保护对象, 可以使保护地体系更好地维护生态系统完整性和提升保护成效。但是, 目前集成这些多层次保护对象的系统保护规划研究还较为有限。本研究以大理白族自治州为研究区, 选取植物和动物保护物种丰富度、自然植被覆盖度、优先保护植被类型覆盖度、重要生态系统服务类型和自然遗迹6类保护对象, 采用熵值法确定了各类保护对象的权重, 应用系统保护规划模型Zonation, 在考虑已建保护地的基础上, 辨识出潜在保护地分布。结果表明: 基于30%的面积保护目标, 已建保护地约占研究区总面积的8.0%, 潜在保护地约占22.0%; 潜在保护地能够更全面地覆盖物种、生态系统、生态系统服务和自然遗迹等多层次保护对象, 显著提升了已建保护地体系的生态代表性; 潜在保护地主要分布在云龙县、剑川县北部和永平县, 可通过新建保护地或扩大已建保护地等途径加强保护。本研究所采用的集成多层次保护对象的潜在保护地识别方法可以为大理白族自治州和其他地区的自然保护地体系建设工作提供科学支持。

关键词: 自然保护地, 系统保护规划, 生物多样性, 生态系统服务, 自然遗迹

Abstract

Aims: Enhancing the development and effectiveness of natural protected areas (PAs) constitutes a pivotal component of China’s ecological civilization strategy. By systematically integrating multi-faceted conservation features—including ecosystem types, species, ecosystem services, and natural relics—into conservation planning, PA systems can more effectively maintain ecosystem integrity and enhance conservation effectiveness. However, current research on systematic conservation planning that integrates these multi-faceted conservation features remains relatively limited. Therefore, this study aims to implement a comprehensive conservation planning approach by integrating these multi-faceted conservation features.

Methods: Taking Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture as the study area, this study selected six categories of conservation features at multiple facets: richness of plant and animal conservation species, natural vegetation coverage, priority conservation vegetation type coverage, key ecosystem services, and natural relics. The entropy method was employed to determine the weights of each category of conservation features. By locking in existing PAs, the systematic conservation planning model Zonation was applied to identify the spatial distribution of potential PAs.

Results: The results indicated that, based on the 30% area-based conservation target, existing PAs currently covered 8.0% of the total study area, while potential PAs accounted for 22.0%. These potential PAs offered more comprehensive coverage of multi-faceted conservation features, including species, ecosystems, ecosystem services, and natural relics, thereby significantly enhancing the ecological representativeness of existing PAs. Potential PAs were primarily distributed in Yunlong County, the north of Jianchuan County, and Yongping County. Conservation effectiveness could be strengthened through the establishment of new PAs or the expansion of existing ones.

Conclusion: The potential PAs identified in this study offer more comprehensive coverage of multi-faceted conservation features, thereby enhancing the ecological representativeness of the existing PA network. The planning approach implemented here provides actionable scientific support for optimizing PA systems in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture and other regions.

Key words: natural protected areas, systematic conservation planning, biodiversity, ecosystem services, natural relics

罗金怡, 张纪, 毕艳玲, 陈哲, 武瑞东 (2025) 集成多层次保护对象的潜在保护地识别: 以大理白族自治州为例. 生物多样性, 33, 25080. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025080.

Jinyi Luo, Ji Zhang, Yanling Bi, Zhe Chen, Ruidong Wu (2025) Identifying potential protected areas by integrating multi-faceted conservation features: A case study of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture. Biodiversity Science, 33, 25080. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025080.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2025080

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2025/V33/I11/25080

图/表 5

图1 云南省大理白族自治州已建保护地和不适合建立保护地区域的空间分布

Fig. 1 Spatial distribution of existing protected areas and unsuitable areas for establishing protected areas in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

图2 集成多层次保护对象的潜在保护地识别技术路线图

Fig. 2 Technology roadmap for identifying potential protected areas by integrating multi-faceted conservation features

图3 云南省大理白族自治州保护对象空间分布。所有保护对象空间分布数据均采用了极差标准化, 值域范围均为0-1。

Fig. 3 Spatial distributions of conservation features in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. The value of all conservation features was normalized via min-max normalization method, ranging from 0 to 1.

表1 云南省大理白族自治州保护对象的权重值和保护规划成效

Table 1 Weights and conservation planning effectiveness for the conservation features in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

保护对象 Conservation features	熵值 Entropy (e_j)	差异化系数 Differentiation coefficient (h_j)	权重 Weight (w_j)	已建保护地覆盖率Coverage of existing protected areas (%)	潜在保护地覆盖率 Coverage of potential protected areas (%)	总保护覆盖率 Total protection coverage (%)
植物保护物种丰富度 Richness of plant conservation species	0.8553	0.1447	0.1721	83.84	82.30	90.94
动物保护物种丰富度 Richness of animal conservation species	0.8387	0.1613	0.1918	86.74	92.27	94.48
自然植被覆盖度 Natural vegetation coverage	0.9170	0.0830	0.0987	9.56	26.02	35.58
优先保护植被类型覆盖度 Priority conservation vegetation type coverage	0.7573	0.2427	0.2886	10.84	74.92	85.76
重要生态系统服务 Key ecosystem services	0.8797	0.1203	0.1431	9.82	32.16	41.98
自然遗迹 Natural relics	0.9111	0.0889	0.1057	67.16	25.10	92.26

图4 云南省大理白族自治州保护价值(a)和30%保护目标下已建保护地与潜在保护地(b)分布

Fig. 4 Spatial distributions of the conservation value (a) and the existing and potential protected areas under 30% conservation target in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province (b)

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集成多层次保护对象的潜在保护地识别: 以大理白族自治州为例

Identifying potential protected areas by integrating multi-faceted conservation features: A case study of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture

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