云南普洱季风常绿阔叶林不同种子扩散方式的优势种空间点格局分析

doi:10.17520/biods.2023147

生物多样性 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (9): 23147. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023147

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

云南普洱季风常绿阔叶林不同种子扩散方式的优势种空间点格局分析

王明慧¹^,²^,³, 陈昭铨¹^,³, 李帅锋¹^,³, 黄小波¹^,³, 郎学东¹^,³, 胡子涵¹^,³, 尚瑞广¹^,³, 刘万德¹^,³^,⁴^,^*()

1.中国林业科学研究院高原林业研究所, 昆明 650224
2.南京林业大学风景园林学院, 南京 210037
3.国家林业和草原局云南普洱森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 昆明 650224
4.云南省普洱森林生态系统野外科学观测研究站, 昆明 650224

收稿日期:2023-05-09 接受日期:2023-08-23 出版日期:2023-09-20 发布日期:2023-10-13
通讯作者: *E-mail: liuwande@126.com
基金资助:
云南省基础研究计划项目(202001AS070005)

Spatial pattern of dominant species with different seed dispersal modes in a monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in Pu’er, Yunnan Province

Minghui Wang¹^,²^,³, Zhaoquan Chen¹^,³, Shuaifeng Li¹^,³, Xiaobo Huang¹^,³, Xuedong Lang¹^,³, Zihan Hu¹^,³, Ruiguang Shang¹^,³, Wande Liu¹^,³^,⁴^,^*()

1. Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650224
2. College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037
3. Pu’er Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration of China, Kunming 650224
4. Pu’er Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650224

Received:2023-05-09 Accepted:2023-08-23 Online:2023-09-20 Published:2023-10-13
Contact: *E-mail: liuwande@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

物种的空间分布格局和种群结构受生境过滤、扩散限制、种内和种间相互作用等多重过程的影响。研究物种的空间分布格局、物种关联及其与环境因子的关系, 有利于揭示生物多样性维持机制, 探索群落稳定演替的生态过程。季风常绿阔叶林作为我国热带-亚热带交错区典型的地带性植被类型, 是研究交错区物种空间分布格局的重要平台。本研究基于普洱30 ha季风常绿阔叶林动态监测样地的调查资料, 采用点格局分析的方法, 对3种不同种子扩散方式的优势种即短刺锥(Castanopsis echidnocarpa)、茶梨(Anneslea fragrans)、西南桦(Betula alnoides)的空间分布格局及其随尺度的变化进行研究, 分析了生境过滤和扩散限制对物种空间分布格局的影响以及不同生活史阶段间的种内和种间关联。结果显示: 短刺锥和茶梨在山脊和山坡分布居多, 而在沟谷较少, 西南桦则主要分布于山坡。3种优势种在完全随机模型下所有尺度上均表现为聚集分布, 且聚集强度随空间尺度的增大而减小。排除生境异质性后, 所有优势种只在小尺度上表现为聚集分布, 大尺度上为随机分布或规则分布。扩散限制对短刺锥和茶梨的分布格局影响较小, 而对西南桦的分布格局影响较为显著。在种内不同径级的空间关联上, 短刺锥和茶梨种内不同生长阶段树木之间存在相关性, 但西南桦则相关性不明显; 在种间关联上, 短刺锥和茶梨为正相关, 和西南桦为负相关, 茶梨和西南桦则正、负相关都存在。本研究表明, 物种的空间分布格局是物种本身属性和环境条件的综合反映, 其中生境过滤和扩散限制的关联效应是影响物种空间分布的主要原因。

关键词: 季风常绿阔叶林, 点格局分析, 生境异质性, 种子扩散限制, 种内/种间关联

Abstract

Aim: Multiple processes such as habitat filtering, dispersal restriction, and intra-/interspecific interactions within and between species could affect the spatial distribution patterns and population structure of species. Studying how species are distributed in space, as well as their connections with environmental factors, is valuable for revealing the maintenance mechanism that uphold biodiversity and to exploring the ecological process of community succession.

Method: The monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest, representative of a zonal vegetation type, serves as an important subject for studying the species patterns within the interlacing area between tropical and subtropical zones. Using point pattern analysis on survey data from a 30-ha dynamics plot in the monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in Pu’er, we examined the scale-changing spatial distribution patterns of three dominant species (Castanopsis echidnocarpa, Anneslea fragransand Betula alnoides), each with distinct seed dispersal modes. Concurrently, we scrutinized the effects of habitat heterogeneity and dispersal restriction on the spatial distribution patterns of species, as well as the intra-/interspecific associations between different life stages.

Results: The results showed that C. echidnocarpa and A. fragrans were commonly distributed on the ridges and hillsides, with less frequent occurrence in the valleys, whereas B. alnoides predominantly thrived on hillsides. Under the complete randomness model, all three species displayed aggregated distribution patterns across all scales. With the degree of aggregation decreasing as the spatial scale increased. Upon accounting for habitat heterogeneity, all the three species showed aggregated distribution only on small scale, transitioning to random or regular distribution on a large scale. Dispersal restrictions minimally effect the distribution pattern of C. echidnocarpa and A. fragrans, but significantly effect on the distribution pattern of B. alnoides. Regarding the spatial association among different age classes within species, significant correlations were observed for all growth stages of C. echidnocarpa and A. fragrans, whereas such correlations were less pronounced for B. alnoides. In terms of interspecific correlation, C. echidnocarpaplayed a positively correlation with A. fragrans and a negatively correlation with B. alnoides. Meanwhile, A. fragrans showed both positive and negative correlations with B. alnoides.

Conclusion: Our study underscores that species spatial distribution patterns arise from a complex interplay between species attributes and environmental conditions. The combined influence of habitat heterogeneity and dispersal restriction emerges as the primary determinant shaping species spatial distribution.

Key words: monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest, point pattern analysis, habitat heterogeneity, seed dispersal restrictions, intra-/interspecific associations

王明慧, 陈昭铨, 李帅锋, 黄小波, 郎学东, 胡子涵, 尚瑞广, 刘万德 (2023) 云南普洱季风常绿阔叶林不同种子扩散方式的优势种空间点格局分析. 生物多样性, 31, 23147. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023147.

Minghui Wang, Zhaoquan Chen, Shuaifeng Li, Xiaobo Huang, Xuedong Lang, Zihan Hu, Ruiguang Shang, Wande Liu (2023) Spatial pattern of dominant species with different seed dispersal modes in a monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in Pu’er, Yunnan Province. Biodiversity Science, 31, 23147. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023147.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2023147

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2023/V31/I9/23147

图/表 9

图1 云南普洱30 ha季风常绿阔叶林动态监测样地地形图

Fig. 1 Topographic map of 30-ha dynamics plot in the monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in Pu’er, Yunnan

表1 云南普洱季风常绿阔叶林3种不同种子扩散方式的优势物种

Table 1 Dominant species with three different seed dispersal modes in a monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in Pu’er, Yunnan

扩散方式 Dispersal modes	优势树种 Dominant species	多度 Abundance				重要值 Importance value
扩散方式 Dispersal modes	优势树种 Dominant species	小树 Sapling	中树 Medium tree	大树 Mature tree	合计 Total	重要值 Importance value
重力扩散 Gravity dispersal	短刺锥 Castanopsis echidnocarpa	26,972	3,521	2,815	33,038	21.58
风力扩散 Wind dispersal	西南桦 Betula alnoides	61	145	542	748	3.18
动物扩散 Animal dispersal	茶梨 Anneslea fragrans	4,645	887	331	5,843	3.53

图2 云南普洱季风常绿阔叶林3种不同种子扩散方式优势种径级结构分布图

Fig. 2 Size-class of diameter at breast height distributions of dominant species with three different seed dispersal modes in a monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in Pu’er, Yunnan

图3 云南普洱季风常绿阔叶林3种不同种子扩散方式优势种的空间分布二维点图

Fig. 3 2D point map of spatial distribution of dominant species with three different seed dispersal modes in a monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in Pu’er, Yunnan

图4 完全随机模型下优势种的空间分布格局。实线为观测值, 虚线为理论值, 灰色区间为95%置信区间。

Fig. 4 Spatial distribution pattern of dominant species under complete randomness model. Solid line represents the observed value, dashed line represents the theoretical value, and the gray area is the confidence interval.

图5 异质泊松模型下优势种的空间分布格局。实线为观测值, 虚线为理论值, 灰色区间为95%置信区间。

Fig. 5 Spatial distribution pattern of dominant species under heterogeneity Poisson model. Solid line represents the observed value, dashed line represents the theoretical value, and the gray area is the confidence interval.

图6 同质托马斯模型下优势种的空间分布格局。实线为观测值, 虚线为理论值, 灰色区间为95%置信区间。

Fig. 6 Spatial distribution pattern of dominant species under homogeneous Thomas model. Solid line represents the observed value, dashed line represents the theoretical value, and the gray area is the confidence interval.

图7 优势种不同径级间的种内空间关联。实线为观测值, 虚线为理论值, 灰色区间为95%置信区间。

Fig. 7 Intra-specific spatial association among different diameter classes of three dominant species. Solid line represents the observed value, dashed line represents the theoretical value, and the gray area is the confidence interval. S, Sapling; M, Medium tree; L, Mature tree.

图8 优势种种间空间关联。实线为观测值, 虚线为理论值, 灰色区间为95%置信区间。

Fig. 8 Inter-specific spatial association among dominant species. Solid line represents the observed value, dashed line represents the theoretical value, and the gray area is the confidence interval.

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云南普洱季风常绿阔叶林不同种子扩散方式的优势种空间点格局分析

Spatial pattern of dominant species with different seed dispersal modes in a monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in Pu’er, Yunnan Province

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