世界菌物新命名发表概况(2022年)

doi:10.17520/biods.2023176

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

2022年全球的1,948位学者共发表了4,679个菌物新名称, 包括4个新目、25个新科、271个新属及次级属下单元、2,782个新种及种下单元, 以及1,433个新组合、16个修订名称和148个不合格及不合法名称。这些新名称隶属于真菌界、原生动物界和假菌界等3界12门38纲139目407科1,205属, 而最受关注的研究类群是伞菌和小型子囊菌。本年度发表的菌物新物种采集自世界103个国家和地区, 东亚和东南亚是发现新物种最多的地区, 而中国继续保持发现新物种最多的国家, 共发现1,102种, 占全球的41.37%。中国学者在本年的研究成果数量同样保持全球领先, 共有519位中国学者参与发表了1,814个菌物新名称, 占全球新名称总数的近40%。我国西南和华南地区的新物种发表数量较多, 其中云南省发现了275个菌物新物种, 为国内之最。值得注意的是, 我国学者本年发表的不合格和不合法名称数量有较大增加, 今后的研究工作中, 在保持学科快速发展的同时, 研究质量同样不可忽视, 尤其是青年学者需要重视命名法规的学习。

关键词: 菌物分类, 分类学家, 新分类单元, 命名法规, 中国

Abstract

Aims: The compilation of authoritative biodiversity catalogs is of great significance for biodiversity research, resource protection, as well as social and economic development. In the era of rapid development and progress on scientific research, a large number of new species and new distribution records are reported every year. It is very important to summarize the discoveries of new taxa and update the species checklist in time.

Methods: The taxonomic data of newly published fungal names were retrieved and analyzed from the Fungal Names nomenclatural repository.

Results: In 2022, 1,948 scholars have published 4,679 new fungal names all over the world, including 4 new orders, 25 new families, 271 new genera and subgenera, 2,782 new species and intraspecific taxa, 1,433 new combinations, 16 replacement names and 148 invalid or illegitimate names. These new names belonged to 3 kingdoms, namely Fungi, Chromista and Protozoa, 12 phyla, 38 classes, 139 orders, 407 families and 1,205 genera, among which micro-ascomycetes and agaricomycetes have received more attentions. The newly published 2,664 fungal species were discovered from 103 countries and regions in the world. East and southeast Asia were the hottest spots of new species discovery, while China retained the top country for yearly new species discoveries (1,102 species), accounting for 41.37% of the world’s total. Besides, Chinese scholars led the world in research outputs on fungal taxonomy this year. There were 519 Chinese scholars participated in the publications of 1,814 new fungal names, contributing nearly 40% of the world’s total.

Conclusion: After a slight decline in 2021, the number of globally published new fungal names has rebounded to more than 4,500. Although cross-regional communication and collection have been reduced, scholars paid more attention to mining domestic and local resources. For the contribution of Chinese scholars, they have participated in 40% of the taxonomic outputs in 2022, which has significantly increased than last year. With the rapid development of fungal taxonomy, it is equally important to improve the quality of taxonomic research. It is suggested that the new authors should pay more attention to learning and understanding of the nomenclature code to avoid publication of invalid or illegal names.

Key words: taxonomy of fungi, taxonomists, new taxa, nomenclature, China

王科, 蔡磊 (2023) 世界菌物新命名发表概况(2022年). 生物多样性, 31, 23176. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023176.

Ke Wang, Lei Cai (2023) Annual review on nomenclature novelties of fungi in the world (2022). Biodiversity Science, 31, 23176. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023176.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2023176

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2023/V31/I10/23176

图/表 10

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命名作者 Author of new names	名称数 Total new names	新高阶分类单元 New higher taxa	新种及种下单元 New species and infraspecific taxa	新组合 New combinations
K. Liimatainen	648	32	23	593
T. Niskanen	643	32	16	595
W. P. Wu	220	24	137	55
Y. C. Dai	210	12	81	115
Y. Z. Diao	203	24	120	55
F. Wu	161	7	46	105
K.D. Hyde	132	15	101	12
B. K. Cui	129	22	72	23
J. Aug. Schmitt	118	0	117	1
P. W. Crous	114	24	58	32
Diederich	103	4	96	3
Y. P. Tan	84	0	83	0
R. G. Shivas	82	0	81	0
L. Cai	75	3	58	1
A. Aptroot	63	0	60	3
A. M. P. Houbraken	59	6	7	43
A. M. Millanes	59	3	53	3
X. Wei Wang	58	6	6	43
Shun Liu	55	13	25	8
L. W. Zhou	53	11	25	17
M. E. Noordeloos	51	1	43	6
Yu Li	50	1	49	0

命名作者 Author of new names	名称数 Total new names	新高阶分类单元 New higher taxa	新种及种下单元 New species and infraspecific taxa	新组合 New combinations
K. Liimatainen	648	32	23	593
T. Niskanen	643	32	16	595
W. P. Wu	220	24	137	55
Y. C. Dai	210	12	81	115
Y. Z. Diao	203	24	120	55
F. Wu	161	7	46	105
K.D. Hyde	132	15	101	12
B. K. Cui	129	22	72	23
J. Aug. Schmitt	118	0	117	1
P. W. Crous	114	24	58	32
Diederich	103	4	96	3
Y. P. Tan	84	0	83	0
R. G. Shivas	82	0	81	0
L. Cai	75	3	58	1
A. Aptroot	63	0	60	3
A. M. P. Houbraken	59	6	7	43
A. M. Millanes	59	3	53	3
X. Wei Wang	58	6	6	43
Shun Liu	55	13	25	8
L. W. Zhou	53	11	25	17
M. E. Noordeloos	51	1	43	6
Yu Li	50	1	49	0

科名 Families	新属及亚属 New genera and subgenera	新种及种下单元 New species and infraspecific taxa	新组合 New combinations	总数 Total
丝膜菌科 Cortinariaceae	32	54	601	687
刺球菌科 Chaetosphaeriaceae	26	114	63	203
刺革菌科 Hymenochaetaceae	8	63	114	185
丝盖伞科 Inocybaceae	1	92	5	98
丛赤壳科 Nectriaceae	0	60	8	68
小丛壳科 Glomerellaceae	0	64	0	64
红菇科 Russulaceae	1	63	0	64
粉褶蕈科 Entolomataceae	1	55	6	62
曲霉科 Aspergillaceae	2	55	4	61
毛壳科 Chaetomiaceae	6	9	42	57

科名 Families	新属及亚属 New genera and subgenera	新种及种下单元 New species and infraspecific taxa	新组合 New combinations	总数 Total
丝膜菌科 Cortinariaceae	32	54	601	687
刺球菌科 Chaetosphaeriaceae	26	114	63	203
刺革菌科 Hymenochaetaceae	8	63	114	185
丝盖伞科 Inocybaceae	1	92	5	98
丛赤壳科 Nectriaceae	0	60	8	68
小丛壳科 Glomerellaceae	0	64	0	64
红菇科 Russulaceae	1	63	0	64
粉褶蕈科 Entolomataceae	1	55	6	62
曲霉科 Aspergillaceae	2	55	4	61
毛壳科 Chaetomiaceae	6	9	42	57

国家 Country	大洲 Continent	新物种数 No. of new species
中国 China	亚洲 Asia	1,102
巴西 Brazil	南美洲 South America	147
澳大利亚 Australia	大洋洲 Oceania	145
泰国 Thailand	亚洲 Asia	140
美国 United States	北美洲 North America	110
西班牙 Spain	欧洲 Europe	65
印度 India	亚洲 Asia	63
德国 Germany	欧洲 Europe	52
日本 Japan	亚洲 Asia	51
法国 France	欧洲 Europe	43
伊朗 Iran	亚洲 Asia	35
新西兰 New Zealand	大洋洲 Oceania	30
俄罗斯 Russia	欧洲 Europe	30