城市土壤微生物多样性研究进展

doi:10.17520/biods.2022186

生物多样性 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (8): 22186. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022186

所属专题：土壤生物与土壤健康

城市土壤微生物多样性研究进展

闫冰¹, 陆晴², 夏嵩¹, 李俊生³^,^*()

1.江西省科学院能源研究所, 南昌 330096
2.东华理工大学测绘工程学院, 南昌 330013
3.中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心, 北京 100055

收稿日期:2022-04-14 接受日期:2022-06-23 出版日期:2022-08-20 发布日期:2022-08-31
通讯作者: 李俊生
作者简介:* E-mail: lijsh@craes.org.cn
基金资助:
调查及评估项目(PXM2021_030102_000008-JH001-XM001);江西省自然科学基金(20212BAB213042)

An overview of advances in soil microbial diversity of urban environment

Bing Yan¹, Qing Lu², Song Xia¹, Junsheng Li³^,^*()

1. Institute of Energy Research, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096
2. Faculty of Geomatics, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013
3. China Geological Survey Bureau, Command Center for Comprehensive Survey of Natural Resources, Beijing 100055

Received:2022-04-14 Accepted:2022-06-23 Online:2022-08-20 Published:2022-08-31
Contact: Junsheng Li

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

城市化对生物多样性的影响是当前生态学研究的热点之一, 引起了人们的广泛关注。土壤微生物多样性是城市生物多样性的重要组成部分, 对维持城市生态系统的健康稳定具有重要意义和作用。近年来, 已有研究关注城市土壤微生物群落结构及多样性, 回答了一些关键问题, 但缺乏系统的总结与论述。基于此, 本文分析了城市化对土壤微生物特性、群落组成、功能和多样性的影响, 总结了影响城市土壤微生物多样性的主要因素, 发现城市化改变了土壤微生物组成和功能, 并且对细菌和真菌多样性的影响存在差异, 城市环境因子通过直接和间接作用共同影响土壤微生物多样性。进一步探讨了城市土壤微生物多样性的维持与保护, 并对今后城市土壤微生物研究需要关注的问题进行了展望, 包括: (1)城市化对城市绿地土壤微生物多样性的影响机制; (2)城市土壤微生物多样性变化对生态系统多功能性的影响; (3)土壤微生物多样性与人类健康的关系。以期为城市土壤生物多样性保护研究提供参考。

关键词: 城市化, 土壤微生物, 微生物多样性, 环境因子

Abstract

Background & Aims: The impact of urbanization on biodiversity is one of the hotspot issues of ecology, which has attracted extensive attention. Soil microorganisms are the key driver of ecosystem process, which is very important in the exertion of ecosystem function and the provision of ecosystem services. Soil microbial diversity as an important part of urban biodiversity play vital roles in maintaining the health and stability of urban ecosystem. In recent years, studies have focused on the structure and diversity of urban soil microbial community and addressed some key questions, but the related systematic summary and discussion remains limited.

Progresses: Here we analyzed the impact of urbanization on soil microbial characteristics, community composition, function and diversity. Then we summarized the main factors affecting urban soil microbial diversity. We found that urbanization has changed the community composition and function of soil microorganisms, and had different impacts on bacterial and fungal diversities. Urban environmental factors affected soil microbial diversity through direct and indirect effects.

Prospects: We discussed the maintaining mechanisms and protection of urban soil microbial diversity. Finally we highlighted the questions needing attention in the future research of urban soil microorganisms. We recommend that future researches need focus on (1) influence mechanism of urbanization on soil microbial diversity in urban green space; (2) effects of microbial diversity change in urban soil on ecosystem multi-function; and (3) relationship between soil microbial diversity and human health. This could provide guidance for the protection of urban soil biodiversity.

Key words: urbanization, soil microorganism, microbial diversity, environment factors

闫冰, 陆晴, 夏嵩, 李俊生 (2022) 城市土壤微生物多样性研究进展. 生物多样性, 30, 22186. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022186.

Bing Yan, Qing Lu, Song Xia, Junsheng Li (2022) An overview of advances in soil microbial diversity of urban environment. Biodiversity Science, 30, 22186. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022186.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2022186

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图/表 3

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研究区域 Study area	研究对象 Research object	环境梯度 Environmental gradient	微生物类群 Microbial taxa	优势菌门 Dominant phylum	文献来源 References
中国16个城市 16 representative cities, China	公园土壤 Park soil	-	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门、浮霉菌门、绿弯菌门、拟杆菌门 Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, Chloroflexi, and Bacteroidetes	Xu et al, 2014
中国广东东莞 Dongguan, Guangdong, China	公园土壤 Park soil	城市-郊区-农村 Urban-Suburban-Rural	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、酸杆菌门、放线菌门、疣微菌门、WPS-2、浮霉菌门、绿弯菌门、拟杆菌门 Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, WPS-2, Planctomycetes, Chloroflexi, and Bacteroidetes	Tan et al, 2019
中国广东东莞 Dongguan, Guangdong, China	公园土壤 Park soil		真菌 Fungi	子囊菌门、担子菌门、接合菌门 Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Zygomycota	Tan et al, 2019
美国纽约 New York, USA	绿色基础设施土壤/生长介质 Green infrastructure soil/substrate	街边绿地-城市森林 Street green space-Urban forest	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、疣微菌门、浮霉菌门、绿弯菌门 Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Planctomycetes, and Chloroflexi	Joyner et al, 2019
西班牙加利西亚 Galicia, Spain	海滩沙丘 Coastal dune	城市海滩-自然海滩 Urban beaches-Natural beaches	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门 Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Bacteroidetes	Novoa et al, 2020
美国纽瓦克市 Newark, USA	树木根际土壤 Tree rhizosphere soil	城市-郊区-农村 Urban-Suburban-Rural	细菌 Bacteria	浮霉菌门、变形菌门、绿弯菌门、酸杆菌门 Planctomycetes, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria	Rosier et al, 2021
中国北京 Beijing, China	公园土壤 Park soil	现代公园-古典公园 Young park-Old park	细菌 Bacteria	酸杆菌门、变形菌门、绿弯菌门、放线菌门 Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Actinobacteria	张骏达等, 2019
中国福建 Fujian, China	草坪土壤 Turfgrass soil	城市-郊区-自然区域 Urban-Suburban-Natural	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、酸杆菌门、放线菌门、装甲菌门、厚壁菌门、疣微菌门 Acidobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Armatimonadetes, Firmicutes, and Verrucomicrobia	Zhang et al, 2020
美国芝加哥 Chicago, USA	公园/街道/居民区绿地土壤 Park/Street/Resid-ential soil	人口密度/绿地类型 Population densities/Greenspace types	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门、疣微菌门、放线菌门 Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Actinobacteria	Wang et al, 2018
芬兰赫尔辛基、拉赫蒂 Helsinki and Lahti, Finland	公园土壤 Park soil	公园年龄: 10, 50, >100 Park age: 10, 50, >100	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、酸杆菌门、放线菌门、绿弯菌门、芽单胞菌门、硝化螺旋菌门 Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, and Nitrospirae	Hui et al, 2017
芬兰赫尔辛基、拉赫蒂 Helsinki and Lahti, Finland	公园土壤 Park soil		真菌 Fungi	子囊菌门、担子菌门、接合菌门、球囊菌门、壶菌门 Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Zygomycota, Glomeromycota, and Chytridiomycota	Hui et al, 2017
中国北京 Beijing, China	公园/街道/居民区绿地土壤 Park/Street/Resid-ential soil	城市环路: 2环、2-3环、3-4环、4-5环、5环 Urban ring road: 2H, 2-3H, 3-4H, 4-5H, 5H	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、芽单胞菌门、疣微菌门 Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Verrucomicrobia	Yan et al, 2016
中国北京 Beijing, China	公园土壤 Park soil	公园年龄: 10, 30, >100年 Park age: 10, 30, > 100	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、芽单胞菌门、疣微菌门、浮霉菌门 Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Planctomycetes	Yan et al, 2021
美国纽约 New York, USA	绿色基础设施土壤/生长介质 Green infrastructure soil/subtrate	绿色屋顶-街旁洼地-非工程化绿色基础设施 Green roof-Bioswale-Non-engineered Green infrastructure	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门、浮霉菌门、疣微菌门、厚壁菌门、绿弯菌门、芽单胞菌门 Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, and Gemmatimonadetes	Gill et al, 2020
美国纽约 New York, USA	绿色基础设施土壤/生长介质 Green infrastructure soil/subtrate		真菌 Fungi	子囊菌门、担子菌门、被孢霉门、球囊菌门、油壶菌门 Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Mortierellomycota, Glomeromycota, and Olpidiomycota	Gill et al, 2020
研究区域 Location	研究对象	环境梯度 Environmental gradient	微生物类群 Microbial taxa	优势菌门 Dominant phylum	文献来源 References
中国北京 Beijing, China	公园/居民区/街道绿地土壤 Park/Residential/ Street soil	公园-街道-居民区-工业区绿地 Park-Street-Residential- Industrial green space	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门、放线菌门、芽单胞菌门、拟杆菌门 Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Bacteroidetes	Zhang et al, 2019
中国北京 Beijing, China	公园土壤 Park soil	公园年龄 Park ages	真菌 Fungi	子囊菌门、担子菌门、被孢霉门、壶菌门、隐真菌门 Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Mortierellomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Cryptomycota	于天赫等, 2021

研究区域 Study area	研究对象 Research object	环境梯度 Environmental gradient	微生物类群 Microbial taxa	优势菌门 Dominant phylum	文献来源 References
中国16个城市 16 representative cities, China	公园土壤 Park soil	-	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门、浮霉菌门、绿弯菌门、拟杆菌门 Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Planctomycetes, Chloroflexi, and Bacteroidetes	Xu et al, 2014
中国广东东莞 Dongguan, Guangdong, China	公园土壤 Park soil	城市-郊区-农村 Urban-Suburban-Rural	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、酸杆菌门、放线菌门、疣微菌门、WPS-2、浮霉菌门、绿弯菌门、拟杆菌门 Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, WPS-2, Planctomycetes, Chloroflexi, and Bacteroidetes	Tan et al, 2019
中国广东东莞 Dongguan, Guangdong, China	公园土壤 Park soil		真菌 Fungi	子囊菌门、担子菌门、接合菌门 Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Zygomycota	Tan et al, 2019
美国纽约 New York, USA	绿色基础设施土壤/生长介质 Green infrastructure soil/substrate	街边绿地-城市森林 Street green space-Urban forest	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、疣微菌门、浮霉菌门、绿弯菌门 Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Planctomycetes, and Chloroflexi	Joyner et al, 2019
西班牙加利西亚 Galicia, Spain	海滩沙丘 Coastal dune	城市海滩-自然海滩 Urban beaches-Natural beaches	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门 Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Bacteroidetes	Novoa et al, 2020
美国纽瓦克市 Newark, USA	树木根际土壤 Tree rhizosphere soil	城市-郊区-农村 Urban-Suburban-Rural	细菌 Bacteria	浮霉菌门、变形菌门、绿弯菌门、酸杆菌门 Planctomycetes, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria	Rosier et al, 2021
中国北京 Beijing, China	公园土壤 Park soil	现代公园-古典公园 Young park-Old park	细菌 Bacteria	酸杆菌门、变形菌门、绿弯菌门、放线菌门 Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Actinobacteria	张骏达等, 2019
中国福建 Fujian, China	草坪土壤 Turfgrass soil	城市-郊区-自然区域 Urban-Suburban-Natural	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、酸杆菌门、放线菌门、装甲菌门、厚壁菌门、疣微菌门 Acidobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Armatimonadetes, Firmicutes, and Verrucomicrobia	Zhang et al, 2020
美国芝加哥 Chicago, USA	公园/街道/居民区绿地土壤 Park/Street/Resid-ential soil	人口密度/绿地类型 Population densities/Greenspace types	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门、疣微菌门、放线菌门 Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Actinobacteria	Wang et al, 2018
芬兰赫尔辛基、拉赫蒂 Helsinki and Lahti, Finland	公园土壤 Park soil	公园年龄: 10, 50, >100 Park age: 10, 50, >100	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、酸杆菌门、放线菌门、绿弯菌门、芽单胞菌门、硝化螺旋菌门 Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, and Nitrospirae	Hui et al, 2017
芬兰赫尔辛基、拉赫蒂 Helsinki and Lahti, Finland	公园土壤 Park soil		真菌 Fungi	子囊菌门、担子菌门、接合菌门、球囊菌门、壶菌门 Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Zygomycota, Glomeromycota, and Chytridiomycota	Hui et al, 2017
中国北京 Beijing, China	公园/街道/居民区绿地土壤 Park/Street/Resid-ential soil	城市环路: 2环、2-3环、3-4环、4-5环、5环 Urban ring road: 2H, 2-3H, 3-4H, 4-5H, 5H	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、芽单胞菌门、疣微菌门 Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Verrucomicrobia	Yan et al, 2016
中国北京 Beijing, China	公园土壤 Park soil	公园年龄: 10, 30, >100年 Park age: 10, 30, > 100	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、芽单胞菌门、疣微菌门、浮霉菌门 Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Planctomycetes	Yan et al, 2021
美国纽约 New York, USA	绿色基础设施土壤/生长介质 Green infrastructure soil/subtrate	绿色屋顶-街旁洼地-非工程化绿色基础设施 Green roof-Bioswale-Non-engineered Green infrastructure	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、放线菌门、酸杆菌门、拟杆菌门、浮霉菌门、疣微菌门、厚壁菌门、绿弯菌门、芽单胞菌门 Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, Firmicutes, Chloroflexi, and Gemmatimonadetes	Gill et al, 2020
美国纽约 New York, USA	绿色基础设施土壤/生长介质 Green infrastructure soil/subtrate		真菌 Fungi	子囊菌门、担子菌门、被孢霉门、球囊菌门、油壶菌门 Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Mortierellomycota, Glomeromycota, and Olpidiomycota	Gill et al, 2020
研究区域 Location	研究对象	环境梯度 Environmental gradient	微生物类群 Microbial taxa	优势菌门 Dominant phylum	文献来源 References
中国北京 Beijing, China	公园/居民区/街道绿地土壤 Park/Residential/ Street soil	公园-街道-居民区-工业区绿地 Park-Street-Residential- Industrial green space	细菌 Bacteria	变形菌门、酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门、放线菌门、芽单胞菌门、拟杆菌门 Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Bacteroidetes	Zhang et al, 2019
中国北京 Beijing, China	公园土壤 Park soil	公园年龄 Park ages	真菌 Fungi	子囊菌门、担子菌门、被孢霉门、壶菌门、隐真菌门 Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Mortierellomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Cryptomycota	于天赫等, 2021

城市土壤微生物多样性研究进展

An overview of advances in soil microbial diversity of urban environment

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