生物多样性 ›› 2014, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (5): 649-657.  DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.13257

所属专题: 海洋生物多样性

• 海洋生物多样性专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

莱州湾大型砂壳纤毛虫群落季节变化

陈雪1,3, 张武昌1,*(), 吴强2, 栾青杉2, 肖天1   

  1. 1 中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境重点实验室, 山东青岛 266071
    2 中国水产科学院黄海水产研究所海洋可捕资源评估与生态系统实验室, 山东青岛 266071
    3 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2013-12-11 接受日期:2014-04-17 出版日期:2014-09-20 发布日期:2014-10-09
  • 通讯作者: 张武昌
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2011CB409804)和国家自然科学基金(U1406403)

Seasonal change of the community of large-sized tintinnids (Ciliophora, Tintinnida) in Laizhou Bay

Xue Chen1,3, Wuchang Zhang1,*(), Qiang Wu2, Qingshan Luan2, Tian Xiao1   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071
    2 Laboratory of Stock Assessment and Ecosystem, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071
    3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
  • Received:2013-12-11 Accepted:2014-04-17 Online:2014-09-20 Published:2014-10-09
  • Contact: Zhang Wuchang

摘要:

为揭示莱州湾砂壳纤毛虫群落季节变化规律, 在莱州湾设置8个站位, 于2011年5-11月及2012年3-4月进行了9个航次的调查, 用浅海III型浮游生物网由底至表垂直拖网采集砂壳纤毛虫。结果表明, 莱州湾3-11月砂壳纤毛虫物种丰富度的变化范围为5-19, 周年变化呈现一峰两谷的趋势。丰度的范围为0-318 ind./L, 丰度较大(> 50 ind./L)的种类有运动类铃虫(Codonellopsis mobilis)和清兰拟铃虫(Tintinnopsis chinglanensis)。各月平均丰度随时间的变化趋势为双峰型, 最大值出现在7月(63 ind./L), 次峰值出现在5月(48 ind./L), 最小值出现在3月(2 ind./L)。黏着壳种类在3-11月均有出现, 透明壳种类仅在温度较高(> 15°C)的6-9月出现。各月的优势种数目为1种(5月)到8种(8月), 其中运动类铃虫在所有月中都是优势种, 对砂壳纤毛虫丰度周年的变化规律产生较大影响。使用各月所有种类的平均丰度对各月砂壳纤毛虫群落进行聚类分析, 得到两个群落(相似度30%): 群落I(7-9月)和群落II(3-6月、10-11月), 说明砂壳纤毛虫群落发生了明显的季节变化。砂壳纤毛虫的物种丰富度、丰度与环境因子(温度、盐度)均没有明显的相关性。

关键词: 砂壳纤毛虫, 群落, 周年变化, 莱州湾

Abstract

The abundance and seasonal change of large-sized tintinnids were studied in Laizhou Bay. Large-sized tintinnids were collected by vertical towing using a shallow sea type III plankton net (open area 0.1 m2, mesh size 76 μm) during 9 cruises between May and November of 2011 and from March to April, 2012. The samples were fixed in formalin solution to a final concentration of 5% and counted using an inverted microscope in the laboratory. We sampled 8 stations to avoid fluctuations over a short time period. The purpose of this study was to characterize seasonal change of the large-sized tintinnid community. Maximum tintinnid species richness was 19 in August and minimum was 5 in May. Tintinnid abundance ranged from 0 ind./L to 318 ind./L. Average abundance at all stations was highest (63 ind./L) in July and lowest (2 ind./L) in March, and there was a secondary peak of 48 ind./L in May. The abundance of Codonellopsis mobilis and Tintinnopsis chinglanensis were more than 50 ind./L. Agglutinated species occurred from March to November, while the hyaline species only occurred from June to September when the temperature was > 15°C. Codonellopsis mobilis occurred from March to November. The number of dominant species ranged from 1 in May, to 8 in August. Codonellopsis mobilis was a dominant species during all time periods and this one species significantly influenced the pattern of total ciliate abundance. Using the average abundance data of 8 stations, two distinct cluster groups were observed (30% similarity): cluster I (July to September) and cluster II (March to June, October to November). The cluster results showed that there was a seasonal change of the large-sized tintinnid community. Average abundance and species richness were not significantly correlated with temperature and salinity.

Key words: Tintinnid, community, seasonal change, Laizhou Bay