纳木措流域岸边带湿地产甲烷古菌群落多样性与分布特征

doi:10.17520/biods.2024247

生物多样性 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 24247. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024247 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2024247

• 研究报告: 微生物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

纳木措流域岸边带湿地产甲烷古菌群落多样性与分布特征

刘源¹^,², 杜剑卿³^,⁴(), 马丽媛⁴, 杨刚¹^,^*()(), 田建卿²^,^*()()

1.西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院, 四川绵阳 621010
2.中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化重点实验室, 北京 100093
3.中国科学院大学, 北京燕山地球关键带国家野外科学观测研究站, 北京 101408
4.中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2024-06-19 接受日期:2024-09-24 出版日期:2025-01-20 发布日期:2024-12-19
通讯作者: * E-mail: tianjq@ibcas.ac.cn; yanggang903@163.com.
基金资助:
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察(2019QZKK0304)

Diversity and distribution of methanogen communities in the riparian wetlands of the Nam Co basin

Yuan Liu¹^,², Jianqing Du³^,⁴(), Liyuan Ma⁴, Gang Yang¹^,^*()(), Jianqing Tian²^,^*()()

1 School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
2 Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
3 Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research Station, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
4 College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2024-06-19 Accepted:2024-09-24 Online:2025-01-20 Published:2024-12-19
Contact: * E-mail: tianjq@ibcas.ac.cn; yanggang903@163.com.
Supported by:
The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition(2019QZKK0304)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高寒河流型湿地生态系统是甲烷排放的重要区域。产甲烷古菌是湿地生境中甲烷产生的主要来源之一, 其群落组成变化显著影响全球碳循环过程。然而, 高寒河流型湿地产甲烷古菌群落的组成与分布特征尚不明确。因此, 本研究以青藏高原纳木措湖尼亚曲流域为研究对象, 利用mcrA基因扩增子测序技术, 对横向(岸边带湿地、过渡带、高寒草甸)和纵向(4,980 m、4,843 m、4,777 m、4,752 m 4个海拔梯度)两个维度上的土壤产甲烷古菌进行分析, 探讨其多样性、群落结构及分布模式。结果表明, 从岸边带湿地至过渡带再到高寒草甸, 产甲烷古菌群落的α多样性逐渐降低, 岸边带湿地群落组成显著不同于高寒草甸和过渡带。在所有样点中, 氢营养型甲烷杆菌属(Methanobacterium)是最主要的产甲烷古菌(高寒草甸、过渡带和岸边带湿地的平均相对丰度依次为45.78%、42.90%及34.17%)。中性群落模型表明, 随机过程是岸边带湿地产甲烷古菌群落构建的主要驱动因素, 但随机过程对高寒草甸及过渡带群落贡献较少。FEAST溯源分析表明, 横向维度上, 高寒草甸和过渡带对岸边带湿地产甲烷古菌群落的贡献率分别为17.62%和13.04%; 纵向维度上, 低海拔(样点S4)岸边带湿地产甲烷古菌群落主要由河流上游岸边带湿地(49.71%)和高寒草甸(21.45%)输入, 表明高寒草甸是岸边带湿地产甲烷古菌群落的重要物种库。本研究揭示了高寒流域土壤产甲烷古菌群落的多样性组成及分布模式, 对理解高寒生态系统功能具有重要意义。

关键词: 岸边带湿地, 产甲烷古菌, 群落组装, 微生物来源

Abstract

Aims: Alpine riverine wetland ecosystems are significant sources of methane emissions. Methanogenic archaea, which act as the sole producers of methane in wetland environments, play a critical role in global carbon cycling. However, their community composition and distribution patterns in alpine riverine wetlands remain unclear. Here, our study aims to: (1) investigate the diversity and compositional changes of methanogen communities in a riverine wetland, and (2) elucidate the assembly mechanisms and sources that drive their community distribution.

Methods: Our study site was located in the riparian zones of the Niyaqu basin in the Nam Co basin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Using mcrA gene amplicon sequencing, we analyzed methanogens in soils across two dimensions: Lateral dimension (riparian wetland, transitional zone, and alpine meadow) and longitudinal dimension (at four elevation gradients: 4,980 m, 4,843 m, 4,777 m, and 4,752 m).

Results: Methanogen community α diversity of methanogens was the highest in riparian wetland, followed by the transitional zone, and then to the alpine meadow ecosystem. With community composition, the riparian wetland was significantly different from that of the transitional zone and alpine meadow. Among all sampling sites, hydrogenotrophic methanogens were the most abundant and Methanobacterium was the most predominant. In particular, the average relative abundances of alpine meadows, transitional zone, and riparian wetland was 45.78%, 42.90% and 34.17%, respectively. Neutral community models also indicated that community assembly in the wetland was primarily driven by stochastic processes. However, these processes contributed less to the communities in the alpine meadow and transitional zone. Additionally, FEAST source tracking analysis indicated that in the lateral dimension, alpine meadow and transitional zone contributed 17.62% and 13.04%, respectively, to the methanogen communities in the riparian wetland. In the longitudinal dimension, methanogen communities in low elevation riparian wetlands (S4) were primarily sourced from upstream riparian wetlands (49.71%) and alpine meadows (21.45%).

Conclusions: This data suggests that the alpine meadows serve as a significant species reservoir for methanogens that funnel to the riparian wetland. Ultimately, our work described the diversity and distribution patterns of methanogen communities in alpine river basin soils, which holds significant importance to understand the functionality of alpine ecosystems.

Key words: riparian wetlands, methanogens, community assembly, microbiological sources

刘源, 杜剑卿, 马丽媛, 杨刚, 田建卿 (2025) 纳木措流域岸边带湿地产甲烷古菌群落多样性与分布特征. 生物多样性, 33, 24247. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024247.

Yuan Liu, Jianqing Du, Liyuan Ma, Gang Yang, Jianqing Tian (2025) Diversity and distribution of methanogen communities in the riparian wetlands of the Nam Co basin. Biodiversity Science, 33, 24247. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2024247.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2024247

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2025/V33/I1/24247

图/表 5

图1 不同生态类型土壤样品采集及产甲烷古菌群落α多样性。(A)青藏高原纳木措湖尼亚曲流域采样示意图; (B)不同类型土壤产甲烷古菌Shannon指数差异(平均值 ± 标准误); (C)不同土壤类型产甲烷古菌Shannon指数随海拔梯度的变化(平均值 ± 标准误)。不同字母表示差异显著(P < 0.05)。S1-S4表示样地。

Fig. 1 Sample collection and α-diversity of methanogen communities in soils of different ecological types. (A) Schematic diagram of sampling locations in the Niyaqu basin of Nam Co basin on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau; (B) Differences in the Shannon index of methanogens across different soil types (mean ± SE); (C) Variations in the Shannon index of methanogens in different soil types along the altitudinal gradient (mean ± SE). Different letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05). S1-S4 indicate sample plots.

图2 产甲烷古菌群落结构、组成变化以及距离衰减关系分析。(A)基于Bray-Curtis距离的主坐标分析(PCoA)显示产甲烷古菌群落的结构变化; (B)距离衰减曲线显示Bray-Curtis相似性与采样点之间地理距离的关系(数据经过自然对数转换); (C)不同土壤类型各样点产甲烷古菌群落组成和相对丰度的变化。图A中的虚线椭圆和图B中的阴影区域表示95%的置信区间, 图B中的实线表示普通最小二乘法线性回归。

Fig. 2 Analyses of methanogen community structure, compositional changes, and distance-decay relationships. (A) Differences in methanogen communities based on Bray-Curtis distances; (B) Distance-decay curve showing the relationship between Bray-Curtis similarity and geographical distance (data converted to natural logarithm); (C) Methanogens composition at each sample site across different soil types. The dashed ellipse in Figure A and the shaded area in Figure B indicate 95% confidence intervals, and the solid line in Figure (B) indicates ordinary least squares linear regression.

表1 不同生态类型土壤产甲烷古菌群落结构差异的置换多元方差分析

Table 1 Permutational multivariate analysis of variance of methanogen community structure differences in soils of different ecological types

类型 Type	R²	P
高寒草甸 vs. 过渡带 Alpine meadow/Transitional zone	0.055	0.353
高寒草甸 vs. 岸边带湿地 Alpine meadow/Riparian wetland	0.117	0.001
过渡带 vs. 岸边带湿地 Transitional zone/Riparian wetland	0.105	0.004

图3 中性群落模型拟合不同土壤类型产甲烷古菌群落中OTUs的出现频率与相对丰度之间的关系。R2代表了中性群落模型的整体拟合优度, 负R2值表明中性群落模型拟合不佳。Nm是元群落规模(N)与迁移率(m)的乘积。图中蓝色实线表示中性群落模型的最适拟合值, 蓝色虚线代表模型的95%置信区间(通过1,000次bootstrap获得估计), 绿色表示出现频率高于中性群落模型预测的OTUs, 红色表示出现频率高于中性群落模型预测的OTUs。

Fig. 3 The neutral community model fits the relationship between the frequency and relative abundance of OTUs in methanogenic archaeal communities in different soil types. R2 represents the overall goodness of fit of the neutral community model, with a negative R2 indicating a poor fit of the neutral community model. Nm is the product of the metacommunity size (N) and the mobility (m). The solid blue line in the figure represents the best-fit value of the neutral community model, the blue dashed line represents the 95% confidence interval of the model (estimate obtained by 1000 bootstrap), green indicates OTUs that occur more frequently than predicted by the neutral community model, and red indicates OTUs that occur more frequently than predicted by the neutral community model.

图4 不同源群落对岸边带湿地(横向和纵向)产甲烷古菌群落的贡献。(A)高寒草甸和过渡带土壤的微生物群落对岸边带湿地整体贡献度; (B)各样点中岸边带湿地群落的来源分析; (C)来自3个不同生态类型土壤的产甲烷古菌群落对低海拔岸边带湿地(S4)群落的整体贡献度; (D)各样点中3种生态类型土壤群落对低海拔岸边带湿地(S4)群落的贡献。

Fig. 4 Contribution of different source communities to methanogen communities in riparian wetlands (lateral and longitudinal dimensions). (A) Overall contribution of microbial communities from alpine meadows and transition zone soils to riparian wetlands; (B) Source analysis of riparian wetland communities at each sample site; (C) Overall contribution of methanogen communities in soils from the three different ecological types to the terminal riparian wetland (S4) community; (D) Contribution of the three soil community types to the terminal riparian wetland (S4) community at each site.

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纳木措流域岸边带湿地产甲烷古菌群落多样性与分布特征

Diversity and distribution of methanogen communities in the riparian wetlands of the Nam Co basin

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