
生物多样性 ›› 2012, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (1): 24-31. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.08092 cstr: 32101.14.SP.J.1003.2012.08092
所属专题: 昆虫多样性与生态功能
收稿日期:2011-06-07
接受日期:2011-09-13
出版日期:2012-01-20
发布日期:2012-02-14
通讯作者:
张艳璇
作者简介:*E-mail: xuan7616@sina.com基金资助:
Jie Ji, Yanxuan Zhang(
), Xia Chen, Jianzhen Lin, Li Sun
Received:2011-06-07
Accepted:2011-09-13
Online:2012-01-20
Published:2012-02-14
Contact:
Yanxuan Zhang
摘要:
为了探明长期多次释放胡瓜新小绥螨(Neoseiulus(Amblyseius) cucumeris)是否会对橘园节肢动物群落的生物多样性产生影响, 我们在福州马尾和晋安试验区的2个橘园分别设置生防园、自然园和化防园, 连续两年每月两次在各处理橘园的树冠和地面杂草中采集并记录节肢动物的种类和数量, 结果表明两个试验区的物种丰富度(S)均以生防园最高, 且都显著高于相应的化防园和自然园; 马尾试验区三种处理的多样性指数(H')和均匀度指数(E)的大小依次为生防园>自然园>化防园, 晋安试验区则为自然园>生防园>化防园, 表明释放胡瓜新小绥螨防治柑橘害螨, 减少农药的使用, 能恢复或增加橘园节肢动物群落的生物多样性。此外, 释放胡瓜新小绥螨未对橘园原有的捕食螨类群产生影响。
季洁, 张艳璇, 陈霞, 林坚贞, 孙莉 (2012) 多次释放胡瓜新小绥螨对橘园节肢动物群落多样性的影响. 生物多样性, 20, 24-31. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.08092.
Jie Ji, Yanxuan Zhang, Xia Chen, Jianzhen Lin, Li Sun (2012) The effect of repeated release of the predatory mite Neoseiulus(Amblyseius) cucumeris on arthropod communities in citrus ecosystems. Biodiversity Science, 20, 24-31. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.08092.
图1 福州市晋安和马尾试验区橘园节肢动物多样性调查小区的示意图, 每个重复含5个小区
Fig. 1 The schematic diagram of the experimental design for studying the species composition and diversity of arthropod community of different management orchard in Mawei and Jin’an citrus experimental field of Fuzhou, China. There were four replicates in every orchard, and there were five experimental plots in every replicate.
| 马尾试验区 Mawei citrus experimental field | 晋安试验区 Jin’an citrus experimental field | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 生防园 Biocontrol orchard | 自然园 Natural orchard | 化防园 Chemical control orchard | 生防园 Biocontrol orchard | 自然园 Natural orchard | 化防园 Chemical control orchard | ||
| 同翅目 Homoptera | 27 | 28 | 24 | 29 | 32 | 28 | |
| 半翅目 Hemiptera | 22 | 16 | 21 | 31 | 32 | 29 | |
| 鳞翅目 Lepidoptera | 19 | 16 | 11 | 18 | 19 | 18 | |
| 膜翅目 Hymenoptera | 32 | 27 | 29 | 24 | 23 | 23 | |
| 双翅目 Diptera | 49 | 43 | 48 | 32 | 33 | 32 | |
| 鞘翅目 Coleoptera | 26 | 24 | 23 | 38 | 40 | 38 | |
| 直翅目 Orthoptera | 12 | 7 | 7 | 21 | 16 | 20 | |
| 缨翅目 Thysanoptera | 2 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
| 脉翅目 Neuroptera | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | |
| 竹节虫目 Phasmida | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| 蜈蚣目 Scolopendromorpha | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 螳螂目 Mantedea | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 蜻蜓目 Odonata | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| 弹尾目 Collembola | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 啮虫目 Psocoptera | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 蜚蠊目 Blattodea | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | |
| 盲蛛目 Opiliones | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 蜘蛛目 Araneae | 31 | 34 | 29 | 38 | 35 | 38 | |
| 蝎目 Scorpiones | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 伪蝎目 Pseudoscorpionida | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | |
| 缨尾目 Thysanura | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| 等足目 Isopoda | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 绒螨目 Trombidiformes | 12 | 12 | 11 | 15 | 14 | 13 | |
| 中气门目 Mesostigmata | 5 | 7 | 5 | 11 | 9 | 10 | |
| 疥螨目 Sarcoptiformes | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
| 蜱目 Ixodida | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| 合计 Total | 252 | 230 | 221 | 276 | 270 | 266 | |
表1 福州市马尾和晋安试验区不同处理柑橘园节肢动物的物种数
Table 1 The species number of arthropods in different management orchard of Mawei and Jin’an citrus experimental field
| 马尾试验区 Mawei citrus experimental field | 晋安试验区 Jin’an citrus experimental field | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 生防园 Biocontrol orchard | 自然园 Natural orchard | 化防园 Chemical control orchard | 生防园 Biocontrol orchard | 自然园 Natural orchard | 化防园 Chemical control orchard | ||
| 同翅目 Homoptera | 27 | 28 | 24 | 29 | 32 | 28 | |
| 半翅目 Hemiptera | 22 | 16 | 21 | 31 | 32 | 29 | |
| 鳞翅目 Lepidoptera | 19 | 16 | 11 | 18 | 19 | 18 | |
| 膜翅目 Hymenoptera | 32 | 27 | 29 | 24 | 23 | 23 | |
| 双翅目 Diptera | 49 | 43 | 48 | 32 | 33 | 32 | |
| 鞘翅目 Coleoptera | 26 | 24 | 23 | 38 | 40 | 38 | |
| 直翅目 Orthoptera | 12 | 7 | 7 | 21 | 16 | 20 | |
| 缨翅目 Thysanoptera | 2 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
| 脉翅目 Neuroptera | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | |
| 竹节虫目 Phasmida | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| 蜈蚣目 Scolopendromorpha | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| 螳螂目 Mantedea | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 蜻蜓目 Odonata | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| 弹尾目 Collembola | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 啮虫目 Psocoptera | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 蜚蠊目 Blattodea | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | |
| 盲蛛目 Opiliones | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 蜘蛛目 Araneae | 31 | 34 | 29 | 38 | 35 | 38 | |
| 蝎目 Scorpiones | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 伪蝎目 Pseudoscorpionida | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | |
| 缨尾目 Thysanura | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| 等足目 Isopoda | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
| 绒螨目 Trombidiformes | 12 | 12 | 11 | 15 | 14 | 13 | |
| 中气门目 Mesostigmata | 5 | 7 | 5 | 11 | 9 | 10 | |
| 疥螨目 Sarcoptiformes | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | |
| 蜱目 Ixodida | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| 合计 Total | 252 | 230 | 221 | 276 | 270 | 266 | |
| 试验区 Experimental field | 处理 Managements | 物种数 Species number (S) | 个体数 Individual number (N) | 多样性指数 Diversity index (H') | 均匀度指数 Evenness index (E) | 优势度指数 Dominance index (C) | 群落稳定性 Community stability Ss/St |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 马尾 Mawei | 生防园 Biocontrol orchard | 249.77a | 70,252.96b | 1.6188a | 0.2928a | 0.3381c | 0.0036 |
| 化防园 Chemical control orchard | 220.58b | 75,289.12a | 1.0833c | 0.2007c | 0.5631a | 0.0029 | |
| 自然园 Natural orchard | 229.27b | 64,429.89c | 1.3349b | 0.2455b | 0.4202b | 0.0036 | |
| 晋安 Jin’an | 生防园 Biocontrol orchard | 277.68a | 60,762.62a | 1.0216b | 0.1817ab | 0.6917a | 0.0046 |
| 化防园 Chemical control orchard | 267.84b | 63,991.68a | 0.8660c | 0.1548b | 0.7619a | 0.0042 | |
| 自然园 Natural orchard | 270.36b | 51,213.27b | 1.3083a | 0.2337a | 0.6101b | 0.0053 |
表2 释放胡瓜新小绥螨后, 福州市马尾与晋安试验区不同处理柑橘园节肢动物的多样性特征
Table 2 Community diversity of arthropods in different management orchard of Mawei and Jin’an citrus experimental field after Neoseiulus(Amblyseius) cucumeris was released.
| 试验区 Experimental field | 处理 Managements | 物种数 Species number (S) | 个体数 Individual number (N) | 多样性指数 Diversity index (H') | 均匀度指数 Evenness index (E) | 优势度指数 Dominance index (C) | 群落稳定性 Community stability Ss/St |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 马尾 Mawei | 生防园 Biocontrol orchard | 249.77a | 70,252.96b | 1.6188a | 0.2928a | 0.3381c | 0.0036 |
| 化防园 Chemical control orchard | 220.58b | 75,289.12a | 1.0833c | 0.2007c | 0.5631a | 0.0029 | |
| 自然园 Natural orchard | 229.27b | 64,429.89c | 1.3349b | 0.2455b | 0.4202b | 0.0036 | |
| 晋安 Jin’an | 生防园 Biocontrol orchard | 277.68a | 60,762.62a | 1.0216b | 0.1817ab | 0.6917a | 0.0046 |
| 化防园 Chemical control orchard | 267.84b | 63,991.68a | 0.8660c | 0.1548b | 0.7619a | 0.0042 | |
| 自然园 Natural orchard | 270.36b | 51,213.27b | 1.3083a | 0.2337a | 0.6101b | 0.0053 |
图2 马尾试验区(A)和晋安试验区(B)不同处理柑橘园节肢动物群落多样性指数的时间动态
Fig. 2 The temporal dynamics of diversity index of different management orchard of Mawei (A) and Jin’an (B) citrus experimental field
图3 马尾试验区(A)和晋安试验区(B)生防园、自然园与化防园捕食螨优势种的种群动态, 马尾试验区生防园和自然园为江原钝绥螨, 化防园为鳞纹钝绥螨; 晋安试验区则均为江原钝绥螨
Fig. 3 The population dynamics of the dominant predatory mite in different management orchard of Mawei (A) and Jin’an (B) citrus experimental field. The dominate predatory mite of biocontrol orchard or natural orchard wasAmblyseius eharai, but that of the chemical control orchard was A. imbricatusin Mawei. And those of different management orchard was Amblyseius eharai in Jin’an. The every data in the fig. 3 was the mean of population number of the dominant predatory mite on every leaf.
| [1] | Buitenhuis RSL, Scott-Dupree C (2010) Intra-guild vs extra-guild prey: effect on predator fitness and preference of Amblyseius swirskii (Athias-Henriot) and Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans)(Acari: Phytoseiidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 2,167-173. |
| [2] | Chen X (陈霞), Zhang YX (张艳璇), Ji J (季洁), Lin JZ (林坚贞) (2007) Acute toxicity of four insecticides against adult mite of Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans). Natural Enemies of Insects (昆虫天敌), 29(2),60-63. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [3] | He YR (何余容), Lü LH (吕利华), Chen KW (陈科伟) (2005) Parasitizing ability and interspecific competition of Trichogramma confusum Viggiani and T. pretiosum Riley on the eggs of Plutella xylostella (L.) in the laboratory. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 25,837-841. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [4] | Ji J (季洁), Zhang YX (张艳璇), Hong XY (洪晓月), Kang YM (康玉妹), Yu DY (余德亿), Lin JZ (林坚贞) (2004) Community structure and dynamics of arthropods in the bio-control orchard released by Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) and the chemical control orchard in citrus ecosystem. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University (南京农业大学学报), 27(4),45-50. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [5] | Lange E, Trautmann M (1994) Competitive behaviour of the predatory mite species Amblyseius andersoni (Chant) and Typhlodromus pyri (Scheuten). Erwerbsobstbau, 3,63-65. |
| [6] | Li JM (李佳敏), Lü JL (吕佳乐), Qu YF (屈云芳), Yang YY (杨琰云), Wu QH (吴千红) (2003) Effect of temperature on developmental duration of Amblyseius cucumeris. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 14,2255-2257. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [7] | Li ZQ (李志强), Liang GW (梁广文), Cen YJ (岑伊静), Zeng L (曾玲) (2009) Roles of organic management in restoration of arthropod community diversity in citrus orchard. Chinese Journal of Ecology (生态学杂志), 28,1515-1519. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [8] | Liu DG (刘德广), Xiong JJ (熊锦君), Tan BL (谭炳林), Huang MD (黄明度), Zhang RJ (张润杰) (2001) Diversity and stability analyses of arthropod community in litchi-herbage complex system. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 21,1596-1601. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [9] | Margalef R (1958) Information theory in ecology. General Systems, 3,36-71. |
| [10] | Messelink G, van Steenpaal S, van Wensveen W (2005) Typhlodromips swirskii (Athias-Henriot) (Acari: Phytoseiidae): a new predator for thrips control in greenhouse cucumber. Bulletin IOBC/wprs Bulletin, 28 (1),183-186. |
| [11] | Pielou EC (1966) The measurement of diversity in different types of biological collections. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 13,131-144. |
| [12] | Simpson EH (1949) Measurement of diversity. Nature, 163,688. |
| [13] | Zhang HY (张辉元), Ma M (马明), Dong T (董铁), Liu XY (刘小勇), Zhang K (张坤), Wang FL (王发林) (2010) Biological control efficiency of Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) on Panonychus ulmi (Koch). Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 21,191-196. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [14] | Zhang YX (张艳璇), Lin JZ (林坚贞), Ji J (季洁), Chen CP (陈传培), Lin Z (林璋) (2003) Studies on Amblyseius cucumeris Oudemans for controlling the pest mites on citrus trees. Plant Protection (植物保护), 29(2),31-33. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [15] | Zhang YX (张艳璇), Zhang ZQ (张智强), Yutaka S, Liu QY (刘巧云), Ji J (季洁) (2004) On the causes of mite pest outbreaks in mono- and poly-cultured moso bamboo forests. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 15,1161-1165. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [1] | 梁竣策, 李开枝, 谭烨辉. 南海翼足类物种多样性与分布[J]. 生物多样性, 2026, 34(5): 25487-. |
| [2] | 周丽洁, 郝珉辉, 何怀江, 程艳霞, 张春雨, 赵秀海. 小兴安岭森林β多样性格局、组分及其影响因素[J]. 生物多样性, 2026, 34(4): 25443-. |
| [3] | 彭昀月, 彭奎, 刘昕然, 孙天怡, 张小全. 生物多样性信用的企业参与途径、市场发展障碍与建议[J]. 生物多样性, 2026, 34(4): 26031-. |
| [4] | 李伯尧, 盛天成, 幸小云. 生物多样性风险对企业财务绩效的影响: 来自中国上市公司的证据[J]. 生物多样性, 2026, 34(4): 25330-. |
| [5] | 刘昊, 张玉霄, 刘冰, 李飞飞, 马洪峥, 覃海宁, 李德铢, 陈文俐. 中国禾本科植物多样性及其物种名录[J]. 生物多样性, 2026, 34(4): 25438-. |
| [6] | 孔孜亦, 王德港, 王建涛, 裴志永, 孙晶, 张长春, 张军国. 基于SCD-HRNet模型的野生动物姿态估计及其在生物多样性监测中的应用: 以内蒙古赛罕乌拉地区为例[J]. 生物多样性, 2026, 34(4): 25287-. |
| [7] | 朱浩友, 周友兵, 罗怡, 周昭敏. 南充市城区繁殖鸟类群落20年前后的变化[J]. 生物多样性, 2026, 34(3): 24560-. |
| [8] | 侯姝彧, 刘盈盈, 杨锐. 《昆蒙框架》背景下国际OECMs体系构建实践进展及中国化思路[J]. 生物多样性, 2026, 34(3): 25264-. |
| [9] | 程晓帆, 李青媛, 李媛辉, 张明祥. 外来入侵物种治理政策体系的困境与出路[J]. 生物多样性, 2026, 34(2): 25332-. |
| [10] | 陈璐露, 汤皓婷, 冷红, 袁青, 杨昕悦. 城市街区建成环境对生物多样性的影响[J]. 生物多样性, 2026, 34(2): 25286-. |
| [11] | 高雯琪, 向景荣, 赵耀, 范灵霜, 谷圆, 邵韦涵, 李高俊, 赵光军, 陈明斌, 蔡杏伟, 陈凯. 海南热带雨林国家公园黎母山和尖峰岭溪流鱼类群落特征及其对土地利用的响应[J]. 生物多样性, 2026, 34(2): 25374-. |
| [12] | 卢晓强, 芮丹, 张江峰, 尹冰鑫, 王雨露, 岑雨婷, 崔怡晨, 杨万霞. 氮输入驱动的关键生态过程对生物多样性的影响及其管理启示[J]. 生物多样性, 2026, 34(2): 25368-. |
| [13] | 谭廷鸿, 高帆, 杨雨, 肖群英, 吴春芳, 邱娜, 赵宁宁, 周敏, 康公平, 卢志宏, 高健强, 杨红, 杨传东, 邓春英. 中国西南喀斯特地区大型真菌物种编目[J]. 生物多样性, 2026, 34(2): 25281-. |
| [14] | 章旭日, 罗标, 赵彤, 黄丹, 艾为明. 浙江鱼类多样性: 编目、分布与保护[J]. 生物多样性, 2026, 34(2): 25225-. |
| [15] | 刘海鸥, 郝志明, 杜乐山, 刘文慧, 李子圆, 刘蕾. 全球生物多样性框架基金运行进展、挑战与启示[J]. 生物多样性, 2026, 34(2): 25463-. |
| 阅读次数 | ||||||
|
全文 |
|
|||||
|
摘要 |
|
|||||
备案号:京ICP备16067583号-7
Copyright © 2026 版权所有 《生物多样性》编辑部
地址: 北京香山南辛村20号, 邮编:100093
电话: 010-62836137, 62836665 E-mail: biodiversity@ibcas.ac.cn