生物多样性 ›› 2010, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (6): 615-621.  DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.2010.615

所属专题: 外来物种入侵:机制、影响与防控

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同土壤水分和养分条件下喜旱莲子草与同属种生长状况的比较研究

王坤, 杨继, 陈家宽*()   

  1. 复旦大学生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室、长江河口湿地生态系统野外科学观测研究站, 上海 200433
  • 收稿日期:2010-04-22 接受日期:2010-09-26 出版日期:2010-11-20 发布日期:2011-01-31
  • 通讯作者: 陈家宽
  • 作者简介:*E-mail: jkchen@fudan.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点基础研究发展计划(2009CB119201)

Comparison of morphological traits between alligator weed and two congeners under different water and nutrient conditions

Kun Wang, Ji Yang, Jiakuan Chen*()   

  1. Coastal Ecosystems Research Station of the Yangtze River Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
  • Received:2010-04-22 Accepted:2010-09-26 Online:2010-11-20 Published:2011-01-31
  • Contact: Jiakuan Chen

摘要:

喜旱莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)入侵已在中国造成巨大的生态和经济损失。为揭示喜旱莲子草成功入侵的生态机制并预测其种群扩张趋势及其与环境因子的关系, 作者比较了喜旱莲子草与其同属的外来弱入侵种刺花莲子草(A. pungens)以及土著种莲子草(A. sessilis)在不同土壤水分、养分条件下的生长状况。结果显示: 在高水高肥条件下, 喜旱莲子草的生物量要高于刺花莲子草和莲子草, 而在低水低肥条件下却不如这两个同属种; 弱入侵种刺花莲子草在低水条件下的生物量要高于强入侵种喜旱莲子草和土著种莲子草, 说明植物的入侵性受环境条件的影响。另外, 强入侵种喜旱莲子草形态学性状的可塑性较高, 在各种条件下都具有较高的比叶面积, 暗示这两个指标可作为莲子草属外来植物入侵性的预测指标。

关键词: Alternanthera philoxeroides, 同属种, 生物量, 比叶面积, 表型可塑性, 入侵预测

Abstract

Alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides), a worldwide noxious weed, has caused enormous ecological and economic losses in China. To better understand the species’ successful invasion, and to predict relationships between expansion of its population and environmental conditions, we compared morphological traits of alligator weed with two closely related species, i.e. the geographically restricted alien A. pungens and the native A. sessilis, under different water and nutrient conditions in a common garden experiment. Compared to A. pungens and A. sessilis, alligator weed produced more biomass with high availability of water and nutrients, but did not in conditions of low water availability. These results suggest that the invasiveness of alligator weed may be influenced by environmental conditions. In addition, alligator weed had marginally greater specific leaf area (SLA) and phenotypic plasticity than its congeners. Phenotypic plasticity and SLA may thus have predictive value for invasiveness of alien species under multiple environmental conditions.

Key words: Alternanthera philoxeroides, congenetic species, biomass, SLA, phenotypic plasticity, invasion prediction