生物多样性 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 22311.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022311

• 研究报告: 遗传多样性 • 上一篇    下一篇

多地同质园实验揭示普通野生稻的表型可塑性与本地适应性

邵雯雯, 范国祯, 何知舟, 宋志平()   

  1. 复旦大学生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室 上海 200438
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-08 接受日期:2022-08-12 出版日期:2023-03-20 发布日期:2022-11-10
  • 通讯作者: 宋志平
  • 作者简介:* E-mail: songzp@fudan.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31570383);国家自然科学基金(31400327);生态环境部重点高等植物调查与保护成效评估(2019-5-12)

Phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation of Oryza rufipogon revealed by common garden trials

Wenwen Shao, Guozhen Fan, Zhizhou He, Zhiping Song()   

  1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438
  • Received:2022-06-08 Accepted:2022-08-12 Online:2023-03-20 Published:2022-11-10
  • Contact: Zhiping Song

摘要:

边缘种群的表型可塑性和本地适应性的解析是预测植物如何响应气候变化的基础。本研究以普通野生稻(Oryza rufipogon)的北缘种群为核心对象, 以中心种群(中部、南部种群)为对照, 进行3地同质园实验, 以“空间换时间”的策略模拟未来气温变化情形下普通野生稻种群的表型表现。结果显示, 普通野生稻各种群具有丰富的表型可塑性, 种群间表型可塑性存在差异。北缘种群在株高、种子量和越冬存活率等指标上表现出明显的本地适应性, 反映了对相对低温环境的适应。北缘种群无论北移还是南移都能够正常结实、完成生活史, 说明在未来气温变化情形下也能生存; 中部和南部种群在上海同质园都不能越冬存活, 提示极端低温对于低纬度种群影响较大。这些结果表明, 尽管普通野生稻存在明显的适应性分化, 但有较强的表型可塑性能力, 北缘种群和中心种群都能适应当前的气候变暖。

关键词: 普通野生稻, 表型可塑性, 本地适应性, 气候变化

Abstract

Aims: Understanding of phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation in marginal populations is fundamental for predicting how plants will respond to climate change. Common wild rice Oryza rufipogon is an endangered but agriculturally important rice species, which has its northernmost range in China. Climate warming is the main environmental stress that the northern populations of O. rufipogon have to face in the global climate change scenario. However, relatively little attention has been paid to the phenotypic plasticity and local adaptation of O. rufipogon. Here we test the northern and central populations of O. rufipogon for variations in plant fitness traits under the exposure of different temperatures.

Methods: Focusing on the northern population of O. rufipogon, with the center populations (middle and southern populations) as the controls, we established experimental populations at three common gardens along a latitudinal-gradient. According to the method of space-for-time substitution, three common gardens were set up in the northernmost boundary, relatively northern and southern areas of the range of O. rufipogon in China (i.e., high, middle and low latitude) to model the phenotypic performance of common wild rice populations under a future climate change scenario.

Results: The examined populations of O. rufipogon displayed strong phenotypic plasticity, and the levels of phenotypic plasticity varied between populations. The northern population had higher plant height, seed number, and overwintering survival rate at native common garden, suggesting the population’s adaption to relatively low temperature environment. This population could normally set seeds and complete life cycle regardless of whether it was planted northward or southward, demonstrating that it could survive under the future temperature changes. The middle and southern populations did not survive the winter in Shanghai common garden, implying that the low-latitude populations might be more vulnerable to extreme cold climate events.

Conclusion: These results indicate that O. rufipogon has adaptive differentiation between populations and strong phenotypic plasticity, by which both the northern and central populations can respond to climate warming.

Key words: Oryza rufipogon, phenotypic plasticity, local adaptation, climate change