生物多样性 ›› 2009, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (2): 160-167. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.08299
陈小鸟1,2, 由文辉1,2, 王向阳1,2, 易兰1,2,*()
收稿日期:
2008-11-19
接受日期:
2009-03-05
出版日期:
2009-03-20
发布日期:
2009-03-20
通讯作者:
易兰
作者简介:
* E-mail: lyi@des.ecnu.edu.cn基金资助:
Xiaoniao Chen1,2, Wenhui You1,2, Xiangyang Wang1,2, Lan Yi1,2,*()
Received:
2008-11-19
Accepted:
2009-03-05
Online:
2009-03-20
Published:
2009-03-20
Contact:
Lan Yi
摘要:
为了解不同砍伐处理对常绿阔叶林中土壤动物群落结构的影响, 于2007年7月至2008年4月在浙江天童地区常绿阔叶林中对5个砍伐4年后的恢复样地进行四季采样。样地处理分别是: (I) 去除大树保留萌枝、(II) 去除地表植物保留枯枝落叶层、(III) 去除地表植物和10 cm表土、(IV) 清除下木层保留大树及(V)对照。结果显示: I号样地土壤动物个体数量最多, 除I号样地与III号样地差异显著外(P<0.05), 其他样地间不存在显著差异; 各样地表层土壤动物数量均与5-10 cm、10-15 cm层有显著差异(P<0.05); II号样地类群丰富度最高; I号样地DG指数最高, III号样地最低; 弹尾目、啮目、伪蝎目和半翅目与群落总体特征(DG指数)的相关性都达到了极显著水平(P<0.001)。结果表明砍伐在一定程度上改变了土壤动物的类群组成, 砍伐强度越大, 土壤动物受影响越大。
陈小鸟, 由文辉, 王向阳, 易兰 (2009) 常绿阔叶林不同砍伐处理下土壤动物的群落特征. 生物多样性, 17, 160-167. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.08299.
Xiaoniao Chen, Wenhui You, Xiangyang Wang, Lan Yi (2009) Community traits of soil animal under different ground cover treatments in evergreen broad-leaved forest. Biodiversity Science, 17, 160-167. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.08299.
类群 Group | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ | Ⅴ | 平均密度 Average density | 百分比 (%) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
密度 Density | 百分比 (%) | 密度 Density | 百分比 (%) | 密度 Density | 百分比 (%) | 密度 Density | 百分比 (%) | 密度 Density | 百分比 (%) | |||||||
线虫纲 Nematoda | 77,967.24 ± 235.09 | 77.71 | 56,868.46 ± 206.76 | 78.57 | 57,605.31 ± 214.82 | 83.40 | 51,988.87 ± 119.25 | 74.82 | 52,561.98 ± 125.44 | 74.72 | 59,398.37 | 77.82 | ||||
蜱螨目 Acarina | 9,752.75 ± 16.18 | 9.72 | 5,858.54 ± 6.59 | 8.09 | 3,967.49 ± 10.99 | 5.74 | 8,724.07 ± 20.70 | 12.6 | 8,595.14 ± 19.03 | 12.2 | 7,379.60 | 9.67 | ||||
弹尾目 Collembola | 5,892.55 ± 11.66 | 5.87 | 4,229.42 ± 8.44 | 5.84 | 2,615.88 ± 8.56 | 3.79 | 4,019.31 ± 11.80 | 5.78 | 3,802.15 ± 7.33 | 5.41 | 4,111.86 | 5.39 | ||||
线蚓科 Enchytraeidae | 2,305.76 ± 6.67 | 2.30 | 1,533.43 ± 5.95 | 2.12 | 2,555.12 ± 11.19 | 3.70 | 1,720.52 ± 4.52 | 2.48 | 1,979.08 ± 5.84 | 2.81 | 2,018.78 | 2.65 | ||||
双翅目幼虫 Diptera larvae | 2,180.47 ± 6.00 | 2.17 | 1,503.38 ± 1.79 | 2.08 | 1,356.35 ± 1.30 | 1.96 | 1,214.04 ± 3.61 | 1.75 | 1,845.94 ± 1.76 | 2.62 | 1,620.04 | 2.12 | ||||
轮虫纲 Rotatoria | 540.36 ± 1.70 | 0.54 | 704.10 ± 4.24 | 0.97 | 196.49 ± 1.13 | 0.28 | 589.48 ± 2.32 | 0.85 | 638.60 ± 2.96 | 0.91 | 533.81 | 0.70 | ||||
膜翅目 Hymenoptera | 482.43 ± 1.24 | 0.48 | 317.61 ± 1.52 | 0.44 | 395.42 ± 3.45 | 0.57 | 474.65 ± 1.35 | 0.68 | 292.14 ± 1.18 | 0.42 | 392.45 | 0.51 | ||||
等翅目 Isoptera | 268.10 ± 1.45 | 0.27 | 618.95 ± 2.93 | 0.86 | 51.64 ± 0.13 | 0.07 | 50.93 ± 0.40 | 0.07 | 87.82 ± 0.66 | 0.12 | 215.49 | 0.28 | ||||
原尾目 Protura | 310.04 ± 1.84 | 0.31 | 245.56 ± 0.73 | 0.34 | 103.27 ± 0.42 | 0.15 | 148.55 ± 0.86 | 0.21 | 135.92 ± 0.60 | 0.19 | 188.67 | 0.25 | ||||
啮目 Psocoptera | 110.35 ± 0.63 | 0.11 | 138.65 ± 0.82 | 0.19 | 74.98 ± 0.45 | 0.11 | 70.73 ± 0.40 | 0.10 | 62.25 ± 0.39 | 0.09 | 91.39 | 0.12 | ||||
综合纲 Symphyla | 87.01 ± 0.65 | 0.09 | 61.54 ± 0.51 | 0.09 | 27.69 ± 0.26 | 0.04 | 121.67 ± 0.76 | 0.18 | 56.59 ± 0.08 | 0.08 | 70.90 | 0.09 | ||||
鞘翅目幼虫 Coleoptera larvae | 74.27 ± 0.15 | 0.07 | 43.15 ± 0.15 | 0.06 | 16.98 ± 0.08 | 0.02 | 48.81 ± 0.03 | 0.07 | 31.12 ± 0.08 | 0.04 | 42.87 | 0.06 | ||||
四蠋蛅目 Tetramerocerata | 45.98 ± 0.17 | 0.05 | 18.39 ± 0.11 | 0.03 | 8.49 ± 0.08 | 0.01 | 41.03 ± 0.24 | 0.06 | 53.76 ± 0.23 | 0.08 | 33.53 | 0.04 | ||||
等足目 Isopoda | 42.44 ± 0.25 | 0.04 | 58.71 ± 0.38 | 0.08 | 19.81 ± 0.08 | 0.03 | 24.05 ± 0.14 | 0.03 | 5.66 ± 0.03 | 0.01 | 30.13 | 0.04 | ||||
缨翅目 Thysanoptera | 37.49 ± 0.12 | 0.04 | 45.27 ± 0.19 | 0.06 | 14.15 ± 0.05 | 0.02 | 16.27 ± 0.11 | 0.02 | 21.22 ± 0.13 | 0.03 | 26.88 | 0.04 | ||||
鞘翅目 Coleoptera | 39.61 ± 0.17 | 0.04 | 29.00 ± 0.18 | 0.04 | 14.85 ± 0.09 | 0.02 | 33.95 ± 0.03 | 0.05 | 14.85 ± 0.09 | 0.02 | 26.46 | 0.03 | ||||
鳞翅目幼虫 Lepidoptera larvae | 56.80 ± 0.46 | 0.06 | 17.68 ± 0.10 | 0.02 | 9.90 ± 0.04 | 0.01 | 16.27 ± 0.09 | 0.02 | 19.81 ± 0.11 | 0.03 | 24.09 | 0.03 | ||||
伪蝎目 Pseudoscorpiones | 54.47 ± 0.10 | 0.05 | 16.27 ± 0.15 | 0.02 | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 32.54 ± 0.29 | 0.05 | 11.31 ± 0.08 | 0.02 | 23.06 | 0.03 | ||||
涡虫纲 Turbellaria | – | – | 16.37 ± 0.16 | 0.02 | – | – | 65.50 ± 0.66 | 0.09 | 16.37 ± 0.16 | 0.02 | 19.65 | 0.03 | ||||
同翅目 Homoptera | 28.30 ± 0.25 | 0.03 | 26.17 ± 0.17 | 0.04 | 2.12 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 9.20 ± 0.09 | 0.01 | 27.59 ± 0.16 | 0.04 | 18.67 | 0.02 | ||||
蜘蛛目 Araneae | 10.61 ± 0.05 | 0.01 | 6.37 ± 0.03 | 0.01 | 3.54 ± 0.02 | 0.01 | 36.78 ± 0.22 | 0.05 | 29.00 ± 0.15 | 0.04 | 17.26 | 0.02 | ||||
石蜈蚣目 Lithobiomorpha | 4.95 ± 0.02 | 0.00 | – | – | 1.41 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 11.32 ± 0.08 | 0.02 | 21.22 ± 0.11 | 0.03 | 7.78 | 0.01 | ||||
双尾目 Diplura | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | – | – | 17.68 ± 0.17 | 0.03 | 11.32 ± 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 6.08 | 0.01 | ||||
盲蛛目 Opiliones | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 26.17 ± 0.25 | 0.04 | 5.38 | 0.01 | ||||
地蜈蚣目 Geophilomorpha | 9.20 ± 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 9.90 ± 0.09 | 0.01 | 3.54 ± 0.03 | 0.01 | 1.41 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 4.95 | 0.01 | ||||
蜚蠊目 Blattoptera | 9.90 ± 0.08 | 0.01 | 2.12 ± 0.02 | 0.00 | 2.12 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 4.95 ± 0.03 | 0.01 | 2.12 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 4.24 | 0.01 | ||||
蜈蚣目 Scolopendromorhpa | 8.49 ± 0.09 | 0.01 | 9.90 ± 0.08 | 0.01 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3.68 | 0.00 | ||||
倍足纲 Diplopoda | 8.49 ± 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | – | – | – | – | 1.41 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 2.12 | 0.00 | ||||
半翅目 Hemiptera | 2.83 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 2.83 ± 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 2.12 ± 0.02 | 0.00 | – | – | 1.70 | 0.00 | ||||
后孔寡毛目 Oligochaeta opisthopora | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 1,41 ± 0.001 | 0.00 | 1.41 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 4.24 ± 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 1.70 | 0.00 | ||||
裂盾目 Schizomida | – | – | 8.49 ± 0.08 | 0.01 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1.70 | 0.00 | ||||
直翅目 Orthoptera 中腹足目 Mesogastropoda | – | – | – | – | 1.41 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.711 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | – | – | 0.42 | 0.00 | ||||
– | – | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | – | – | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | – | – | 0.28 | 0.00 | |||||
类群数 Number of groups | 29 | 29 | 27 | 29 | 28 | 33 |
表1 不同砍伐样地土壤动物类群组成(ind./m2, Mean±SE)
Table 1 Composition of soil animal community in different sites
类群 Group | Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ | Ⅴ | 平均密度 Average density | 百分比 (%) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
密度 Density | 百分比 (%) | 密度 Density | 百分比 (%) | 密度 Density | 百分比 (%) | 密度 Density | 百分比 (%) | 密度 Density | 百分比 (%) | |||||||
线虫纲 Nematoda | 77,967.24 ± 235.09 | 77.71 | 56,868.46 ± 206.76 | 78.57 | 57,605.31 ± 214.82 | 83.40 | 51,988.87 ± 119.25 | 74.82 | 52,561.98 ± 125.44 | 74.72 | 59,398.37 | 77.82 | ||||
蜱螨目 Acarina | 9,752.75 ± 16.18 | 9.72 | 5,858.54 ± 6.59 | 8.09 | 3,967.49 ± 10.99 | 5.74 | 8,724.07 ± 20.70 | 12.6 | 8,595.14 ± 19.03 | 12.2 | 7,379.60 | 9.67 | ||||
弹尾目 Collembola | 5,892.55 ± 11.66 | 5.87 | 4,229.42 ± 8.44 | 5.84 | 2,615.88 ± 8.56 | 3.79 | 4,019.31 ± 11.80 | 5.78 | 3,802.15 ± 7.33 | 5.41 | 4,111.86 | 5.39 | ||||
线蚓科 Enchytraeidae | 2,305.76 ± 6.67 | 2.30 | 1,533.43 ± 5.95 | 2.12 | 2,555.12 ± 11.19 | 3.70 | 1,720.52 ± 4.52 | 2.48 | 1,979.08 ± 5.84 | 2.81 | 2,018.78 | 2.65 | ||||
双翅目幼虫 Diptera larvae | 2,180.47 ± 6.00 | 2.17 | 1,503.38 ± 1.79 | 2.08 | 1,356.35 ± 1.30 | 1.96 | 1,214.04 ± 3.61 | 1.75 | 1,845.94 ± 1.76 | 2.62 | 1,620.04 | 2.12 | ||||
轮虫纲 Rotatoria | 540.36 ± 1.70 | 0.54 | 704.10 ± 4.24 | 0.97 | 196.49 ± 1.13 | 0.28 | 589.48 ± 2.32 | 0.85 | 638.60 ± 2.96 | 0.91 | 533.81 | 0.70 | ||||
膜翅目 Hymenoptera | 482.43 ± 1.24 | 0.48 | 317.61 ± 1.52 | 0.44 | 395.42 ± 3.45 | 0.57 | 474.65 ± 1.35 | 0.68 | 292.14 ± 1.18 | 0.42 | 392.45 | 0.51 | ||||
等翅目 Isoptera | 268.10 ± 1.45 | 0.27 | 618.95 ± 2.93 | 0.86 | 51.64 ± 0.13 | 0.07 | 50.93 ± 0.40 | 0.07 | 87.82 ± 0.66 | 0.12 | 215.49 | 0.28 | ||||
原尾目 Protura | 310.04 ± 1.84 | 0.31 | 245.56 ± 0.73 | 0.34 | 103.27 ± 0.42 | 0.15 | 148.55 ± 0.86 | 0.21 | 135.92 ± 0.60 | 0.19 | 188.67 | 0.25 | ||||
啮目 Psocoptera | 110.35 ± 0.63 | 0.11 | 138.65 ± 0.82 | 0.19 | 74.98 ± 0.45 | 0.11 | 70.73 ± 0.40 | 0.10 | 62.25 ± 0.39 | 0.09 | 91.39 | 0.12 | ||||
综合纲 Symphyla | 87.01 ± 0.65 | 0.09 | 61.54 ± 0.51 | 0.09 | 27.69 ± 0.26 | 0.04 | 121.67 ± 0.76 | 0.18 | 56.59 ± 0.08 | 0.08 | 70.90 | 0.09 | ||||
鞘翅目幼虫 Coleoptera larvae | 74.27 ± 0.15 | 0.07 | 43.15 ± 0.15 | 0.06 | 16.98 ± 0.08 | 0.02 | 48.81 ± 0.03 | 0.07 | 31.12 ± 0.08 | 0.04 | 42.87 | 0.06 | ||||
四蠋蛅目 Tetramerocerata | 45.98 ± 0.17 | 0.05 | 18.39 ± 0.11 | 0.03 | 8.49 ± 0.08 | 0.01 | 41.03 ± 0.24 | 0.06 | 53.76 ± 0.23 | 0.08 | 33.53 | 0.04 | ||||
等足目 Isopoda | 42.44 ± 0.25 | 0.04 | 58.71 ± 0.38 | 0.08 | 19.81 ± 0.08 | 0.03 | 24.05 ± 0.14 | 0.03 | 5.66 ± 0.03 | 0.01 | 30.13 | 0.04 | ||||
缨翅目 Thysanoptera | 37.49 ± 0.12 | 0.04 | 45.27 ± 0.19 | 0.06 | 14.15 ± 0.05 | 0.02 | 16.27 ± 0.11 | 0.02 | 21.22 ± 0.13 | 0.03 | 26.88 | 0.04 | ||||
鞘翅目 Coleoptera | 39.61 ± 0.17 | 0.04 | 29.00 ± 0.18 | 0.04 | 14.85 ± 0.09 | 0.02 | 33.95 ± 0.03 | 0.05 | 14.85 ± 0.09 | 0.02 | 26.46 | 0.03 | ||||
鳞翅目幼虫 Lepidoptera larvae | 56.80 ± 0.46 | 0.06 | 17.68 ± 0.10 | 0.02 | 9.90 ± 0.04 | 0.01 | 16.27 ± 0.09 | 0.02 | 19.81 ± 0.11 | 0.03 | 24.09 | 0.03 | ||||
伪蝎目 Pseudoscorpiones | 54.47 ± 0.10 | 0.05 | 16.27 ± 0.15 | 0.02 | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 32.54 ± 0.29 | 0.05 | 11.31 ± 0.08 | 0.02 | 23.06 | 0.03 | ||||
涡虫纲 Turbellaria | – | – | 16.37 ± 0.16 | 0.02 | – | – | 65.50 ± 0.66 | 0.09 | 16.37 ± 0.16 | 0.02 | 19.65 | 0.03 | ||||
同翅目 Homoptera | 28.30 ± 0.25 | 0.03 | 26.17 ± 0.17 | 0.04 | 2.12 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 9.20 ± 0.09 | 0.01 | 27.59 ± 0.16 | 0.04 | 18.67 | 0.02 | ||||
蜘蛛目 Araneae | 10.61 ± 0.05 | 0.01 | 6.37 ± 0.03 | 0.01 | 3.54 ± 0.02 | 0.01 | 36.78 ± 0.22 | 0.05 | 29.00 ± 0.15 | 0.04 | 17.26 | 0.02 | ||||
石蜈蚣目 Lithobiomorpha | 4.95 ± 0.02 | 0.00 | – | – | 1.41 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 11.32 ± 0.08 | 0.02 | 21.22 ± 0.11 | 0.03 | 7.78 | 0.01 | ||||
双尾目 Diplura | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | – | – | 17.68 ± 0.17 | 0.03 | 11.32 ± 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 6.08 | 0.01 | ||||
盲蛛目 Opiliones | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 26.17 ± 0.25 | 0.04 | 5.38 | 0.01 | ||||
地蜈蚣目 Geophilomorpha | 9.20 ± 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 9.90 ± 0.09 | 0.01 | 3.54 ± 0.03 | 0.01 | 1.41 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 4.95 | 0.01 | ||||
蜚蠊目 Blattoptera | 9.90 ± 0.08 | 0.01 | 2.12 ± 0.02 | 0.00 | 2.12 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 4.95 ± 0.03 | 0.01 | 2.12 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 4.24 | 0.01 | ||||
蜈蚣目 Scolopendromorhpa | 8.49 ± 0.09 | 0.01 | 9.90 ± 0.08 | 0.01 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 3.68 | 0.00 | ||||
倍足纲 Diplopoda | 8.49 ± 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | – | – | – | – | 1.41 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 2.12 | 0.00 | ||||
半翅目 Hemiptera | 2.83 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 2.83 ± 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 2.12 ± 0.02 | 0.00 | – | – | 1.70 | 0.00 | ||||
后孔寡毛目 Oligochaeta opisthopora | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 1,41 ± 0.001 | 0.00 | 1.41 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 4.24 ± 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 1.70 | 0.00 | ||||
裂盾目 Schizomida | – | – | 8.49 ± 0.08 | 0.01 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1.70 | 0.00 | ||||
直翅目 Orthoptera 中腹足目 Mesogastropoda | – | – | – | – | 1.41 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.711 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | – | – | 0.42 | 0.00 | ||||
– | – | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | – | – | 0.71 ± 0.01 | 0.00 | – | – | 0.28 | 0.00 | |||||
类群数 Number of groups | 29 | 29 | 27 | 29 | 28 | 33 |
样地Sites | Shannon-Wiener指数Shannon-Wiener index (H') | 密度—类群指数 Density-Group index (DG) | 均匀度指数Pielou evenness index (Js) | 优势度指数Simpson dominant index (C) | 丰富度指数Margalef abundance index (D) | 类群总数 Total number of groups | 数量 Percentage (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | 0.849 | 18.826 | 0.266 | 0.382 | 2.924 | 29 | 26.29 |
Ⅱ | 0.901 | 14.303 | 0.268 | 0.372 | 3.075 | 29 | 18.98 |
Ⅲ | 0.726 | 8.410 | 0.220 | 0.398 | 2.980 | 27 | 18.10 |
Ⅳ | 0.956 | 15.224 | 0.284 | 0.420 | 3.043 | 29 | 18.20 |
Ⅴ | 0.958 | 11.635 | 0.288 | 0.422 | 2.921 | 28 | 18.43 |
表2 5样地不同土壤动物群落多样性指数的比较
Table 2 Comparison of diversity indices of soil animal community in five sites
样地Sites | Shannon-Wiener指数Shannon-Wiener index (H') | 密度—类群指数 Density-Group index (DG) | 均匀度指数Pielou evenness index (Js) | 优势度指数Simpson dominant index (C) | 丰富度指数Margalef abundance index (D) | 类群总数 Total number of groups | 数量 Percentage (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | 0.849 | 18.826 | 0.266 | 0.382 | 2.924 | 29 | 26.29 |
Ⅱ | 0.901 | 14.303 | 0.268 | 0.372 | 3.075 | 29 | 18.98 |
Ⅲ | 0.726 | 8.410 | 0.220 | 0.398 | 2.980 | 27 | 18.10 |
Ⅳ | 0.956 | 15.224 | 0.284 | 0.420 | 3.043 | 29 | 18.20 |
Ⅴ | 0.958 | 11.635 | 0.288 | 0.422 | 2.921 | 28 | 18.43 |
样地 Sites | 凋落物层 Litter layer | 0-15 cm土层 Soil of 0-15 cm depth | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH | 有机质 OC (mg/g) | 总氮 TN (mg/g) | 总磷 TP (mg/g) | pH | 有机质 OC (mg/g) | 总氮 TN (mg/g) | 总磷 TP (mg/g) | ||
Ⅰ | 4.23 ± 0.07b | 45.95 ± 2.77b | 15.56 ± 0.75a | 0.38 ± 0.02a | 3.87 ± 0.02b | 4.38 ± 0.28a | 2.50 ± 0.59a | 0.15 ± 0.03a | |
Ⅱ | 4.48 ± 0.05a | 44.47 ± 3.20b | 16.22 ± 0.93a | 0.34 ± 0.02ab | 3.85 ± 0.02b | 3.98 ± 0.21ab | 2.20 ± 0.10a | 0.12 ± 0.01a | |
Ⅲ | 4.16 ± 0.05b | 48.81 ± 3.86ab | 15.55 ± 1.11a | 0.29 ± 0.02b | 3.98 ± 0.03a | 2.98 ± 0.13c | 1.68 ± 0.08a | 0.12 ± 0.01a | |
Ⅳ | 4.27 ± 0.05b | 57.23 ± 2.37a | 16.70 ± 0.88a | 0.35 ± 0.02ab | 3.87 ± 0.02b | 3.70 ± 0.23ab | 1.99 ± 0.11a | 0.11 ± 0.01a | |
Ⅴ | 4.18 ± 0.04b | 56.47 ± 2.47a | 14.95 ± 0.68a | 0.35 ± 0.01ab | 3.77 ± 0.02c | 3.63 ± 0.29bc | 1.86 ± 0.12a | 0.12 ± 0.01a |
表3 不同样地凋落物层和土层理化因子(n = 20, Mean ± SE)的比较
Table 3 Comparison for physicochemical factors in the litter and 0-15cm soil layer of different sites
样地 Sites | 凋落物层 Litter layer | 0-15 cm土层 Soil of 0-15 cm depth | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH | 有机质 OC (mg/g) | 总氮 TN (mg/g) | 总磷 TP (mg/g) | pH | 有机质 OC (mg/g) | 总氮 TN (mg/g) | 总磷 TP (mg/g) | ||
Ⅰ | 4.23 ± 0.07b | 45.95 ± 2.77b | 15.56 ± 0.75a | 0.38 ± 0.02a | 3.87 ± 0.02b | 4.38 ± 0.28a | 2.50 ± 0.59a | 0.15 ± 0.03a | |
Ⅱ | 4.48 ± 0.05a | 44.47 ± 3.20b | 16.22 ± 0.93a | 0.34 ± 0.02ab | 3.85 ± 0.02b | 3.98 ± 0.21ab | 2.20 ± 0.10a | 0.12 ± 0.01a | |
Ⅲ | 4.16 ± 0.05b | 48.81 ± 3.86ab | 15.55 ± 1.11a | 0.29 ± 0.02b | 3.98 ± 0.03a | 2.98 ± 0.13c | 1.68 ± 0.08a | 0.12 ± 0.01a | |
Ⅳ | 4.27 ± 0.05b | 57.23 ± 2.37a | 16.70 ± 0.88a | 0.35 ± 0.02ab | 3.87 ± 0.02b | 3.70 ± 0.23ab | 1.99 ± 0.11a | 0.11 ± 0.01a | |
Ⅴ | 4.18 ± 0.04b | 56.47 ± 2.47a | 14.95 ± 0.68a | 0.35 ± 0.01ab | 3.77 ± 0.02c | 3.63 ± 0.29bc | 1.86 ± 0.12a | 0.12 ± 0.01a |
动物类群 Groups | 凋落物层 Litter layer | 0-15 cm土层 Soil of 0-15 cm depth | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH | 有机质 OC | 总氮 TN | 总磷 TP | pH | 有机质 OC | 总氮 TN | 总磷 TP | ||
线虫纲 Nematoda | + | + | + | n | |||||
蜱螨目Acarina | + | n | + | n | n | + | + | + | |
弹尾目Collembola | + | n | n | n | n | + | + | n | |
总密度 | + | n | + | n | + | + | + | n |
表4 凋落物层与土层中主要类群与环境因子的相关性
Table 4 Relationship between main groups and physicochemical factors in litter and 0-15 cm soil layer
动物类群 Groups | 凋落物层 Litter layer | 0-15 cm土层 Soil of 0-15 cm depth | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH | 有机质 OC | 总氮 TN | 总磷 TP | pH | 有机质 OC | 总氮 TN | 总磷 TP | ||
线虫纲 Nematoda | + | + | + | n | |||||
蜱螨目Acarina | + | n | + | n | n | + | + | + | |
弹尾目Collembola | + | n | n | n | n | + | + | n | |
总密度 | + | n | + | n | + | + | + | n |
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