生物多样性 ›› 2008, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (2): 156-165.  DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07292

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国5个地方牦牛品种遗传多样性的微卫星分析

廖信军1,3, 常洪3, 张桂香2,*(), 王冬蕾3, 宋卫涛4, 韩旭2, 张自富5   

  1. 1 井冈山大学生命科学学院, 江西吉安 343009
    2 全国畜牧兽医总站畜禽牧草种质资源保存利用中心, 北京 100094
    3 扬州大学动物科学与技术学院, 扬州 225009
    4 中国农业科学院家禽研究所, 扬州 225003
    5 中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院, 北京 100094
  • 收稿日期:2007-09-17 接受日期:2007-12-24 出版日期:2008-03-20 发布日期:2008-02-20
  • 通讯作者: 张桂香
  • 作者简介:*E-mail:gxzhang27@hotmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    农业部中国地方牛种遗传距离测定项目(农财发[2002]9号)

Genetic diversity of five native Chinese yak breeds based on microsatellite DNA markers

Xinjun Liao1,3, Hong Chang3, Guixiang Zhang2,*(), Donglei Wang3, Weitao Song4, Xu Han2, Zifu Zhang5   

  1. 1 College of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, Jiangxi 343009
    2 Center of Preservation and Utilization of Genetic Resources of Domestic Animals and Forage, National Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service, Beijing 100094
    3 College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009
    4 Institute of Poultry Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225003
    5 College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094
  • Received:2007-09-17 Accepted:2007-12-24 Online:2008-03-20 Published:2008-02-20
  • Contact: Guixiang Zhang

摘要:

本文以大额牛(Bos frontalis)为外群, 应用16对微卫星DNA标记结合荧光-多重PCR技术, 评估了5个中国地方牦牛(Bos grunniens) (帕里牦牛、斯布牦牛、西藏高山牦牛、麦洼牦牛和九龙牦牛)品种内遗传变异和品种间遗传关系。6个群体的16个微卫星座位上共检测到159个等位基因, 其中有33个等位基因为5个牦牛品种所特有。6个群体的有效等位基因数(Ne)在2.2043-3.2754之间, 平均杂合度(H)在0.4858-0.6153之间, 平均多态信息含量(PIC)在0.4230-0.5711之间。5个牦牛品种的微卫星座位有丰富的遗传多样性; 而大额牛的遗传多样性相对较贫乏。5个牦牛群体间的遗传分化系数(Gst)为0.0527, 表明牦牛亚群体间遗传分化水平很低。采用邻近结合法构建聚类图和模糊聚类分析表明, 5个牦牛品种分为两大类, 其中斯布牦牛、西藏高山牦牛、帕里牦牛和麦洼牦牛为一大类, 九龙牦牛为一类。研究结果将为中国地方牦牛品种的保护和利用提供重要的理论依据。

关键词: 牦牛, 遗传分化, 资源保护, 遗传关系

Abstract

Genetic variations within and relationships between five indigenous Chinese yak (Bos grunniens) breeds (Pali, Sibu, Tibetan High Mountainous yak, Maiwa and Jiulong) were investigated using 16 microsatellite markers with the fluorescence-multiplex PCR technique. The gayal (Bos frontalis) was used as outgroup. For the six populations studied, number of effective alleles (Ne) ranged from 2.2043 to 3.2754, mean heterozygosity (H) ranged from 0.4858 to 0.6153, and mean polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.4230 to 0.5711. The five indigenous Chinese yak breeds had high genetic diversity at the microsatellite DNA level, while the gayal showed less genetic variation. The genetic differentiation among the populations was very low, with a Gst value of 0.0527. In neighbor-joining and fuzzy clustering trees, the five yak breeds grouped into two clades, one comprising Jiulong yaks and the other including Pali, Sibu, Tibetan High Mountainous yak and Maiwa yaks. Our results may provide a scientific basis for future conservation and exploitation of native Chinese yak breeds.

Key words: yak, genetic differentiation, resource conservation, genetic relationship