生物多样性 ›› 2013, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (3): 288-295. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2013.08258
所属专题: 生物入侵
白尚斌1, 周国模2,*, 王懿祥2, 梁倩倩1, 陈娟1, 程艳艳1, 沈蕊1
收稿日期:
2012-12-29
接受日期:
2013-04-20
出版日期:
2013-05-20
发布日期:
2013-06-05
通讯作者:
周国模
基金资助:
Shangbin Bai1, Guomo Zhou2,*, Yixiang Wang2, Qianqian Liang1, Juan Chen1, Yanyan Cheng1, Rui Shen1
Received:
2012-12-29
Accepted:
2013-04-20
Online:
2013-05-20
Published:
2013-06-05
Contact:
Zhou Guomo
摘要:
为探讨毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)入侵对周围森林群落的影响, 作者于2005-2011年在天目山自然保护区进行了7年长期定位观测实验, 研究了毛竹入侵地森林群落的植物物种多样性变化。结果表明: 毛竹入侵对周围森林群落植物物种多样性产生了不利影响: 毛竹林乔木层和灌木层植物的Simpson指数小于针阔混交林和毛竹-针阔混交林, 而草本层的Simpson指数则大于针阔混交林和毛竹-针阔混交林。植物物种丰富度、Simpson指数和Pielou均匀度指数随时间发生了较大变化: 毛竹入侵的森林群落其乔木层和灌木层的物种丰富度、Simpson指数和Pielou均匀度指数显著降低(P<0.05), 草本层的物种丰富度显著提高(P<0.05), Simpson指数和Pielou均匀度指数未表现出明显的变化。毛竹-针阔混交林去除毛竹后, 乔木层和灌木层物种丰富度和Simpson指数增加, 草本层物种丰富度、Simpson指数和Pielou均匀度指数明显下降。可见, 毛竹入侵使森林群落植物多样性发生实质性的变化, 对自然保护区植物群落造成了重大影响。由此可见, 要使保护区物种多样性得到保护, 除进行科学的管理外, 还需要控制毛竹蔓延。
白尚斌, 周国模, 王懿祥, 梁倩倩, 陈娟, 程艳艳, 沈蕊 (2013) 天目山保护区森林群落植物多样性对毛竹入侵的响应及动态变化. 生物多样性, 21, 288-295. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2013.08258.
Shangbin Bai,Guomo Zhou,Yixiang Wang,Qianqian Liang,Juan Chen,Yanyan Cheng,Rui Shen (2013) Plant species diversity and dynamics in forests invaded by Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) in Tianmu Mountain Nature Reserve. Biodiversity Science, 21, 288-295. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2013.08258.
时间 Time | 针阔混交林 Mixed conifer-broad- leaved forest | 毛竹-针阔混交林 Mixed bamboo and conifer-broad- leaved forest | 毛竹林 Bamboo forest | 竹针阔混交林去除毛竹 Removed bamboo from mixed bamboo and conifer-broad-leaved forest |
---|---|---|---|---|
2005 | 0 | 400.0±34.2 | 4,233.3±94.3 | 1,300.0±107.5 |
2006 | 0 | 558.3±47.6 | 4,200.0±117.6 | 0 |
2007 | 0 | 633.3±59.8 | 4,391.6±89.3 | 0 |
2008 | 0 | 866.7±76.8 | 3,983.3±101.0 | 0 |
2009 | 0 | 1,033.3±108.4 | 4,075.0±110.2 | 0 |
2010 | 41.7±3.5 | 1,516.7±137.1 | 4,300.0±104.3 | 0 |
2011 | 100.0±8.7 | 1,775.0±145.2 | 4,491.7±82.5 | 0 |
表1 不同样地各年份毛竹立竹度变化(2005-2011)
Table 1 Moso bamboo culm density in different forests during monitoring time (inds./ha)
时间 Time | 针阔混交林 Mixed conifer-broad- leaved forest | 毛竹-针阔混交林 Mixed bamboo and conifer-broad- leaved forest | 毛竹林 Bamboo forest | 竹针阔混交林去除毛竹 Removed bamboo from mixed bamboo and conifer-broad-leaved forest |
---|---|---|---|---|
2005 | 0 | 400.0±34.2 | 4,233.3±94.3 | 1,300.0±107.5 |
2006 | 0 | 558.3±47.6 | 4,200.0±117.6 | 0 |
2007 | 0 | 633.3±59.8 | 4,391.6±89.3 | 0 |
2008 | 0 | 866.7±76.8 | 3,983.3±101.0 | 0 |
2009 | 0 | 1,033.3±108.4 | 4,075.0±110.2 | 0 |
2010 | 41.7±3.5 | 1,516.7±137.1 | 4,300.0±104.3 | 0 |
2011 | 100.0±8.7 | 1,775.0±145.2 | 4,491.7±82.5 | 0 |
图2 不同群落乔、灌、草层物种丰富度相对变化(Ln(2011/ 2005))。
Fig. 2 Relative changes of species richness (Ln(2011/2005)) in the tree, shrub, and herb layers of different forests. Bars represent standard errors.
图3 不同群落乔、灌、草层Simpson指数的变化。
Fig. 3 Changes of Simpson’s Diversity Index in the tree, shrub, and herb layers of different forests over time. Bars labeled with different letters represent significantly different (P<0.05; LSD test). Bars represent standard errors.
图4 不同群落乔、灌、草层Pielou均匀度指数的变化。
Fig. 4 Changes of Pielou’s Eveness Index in the tree, shrub, and herb layers of different forests over time. Bars labeled with different letters represent significantly different (P<0.05; LSD test). Bars represent standard errors.
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