加拿大一枝黄花入侵对杭州湾地区土壤线虫群落的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09048

生物多样性 ›› 2011, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (5): 519-527. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09048

所属专题：生物多样性与生态系统功能；土壤生物与土壤健康；生物入侵

加拿大一枝黄花入侵对杭州湾地区土壤线虫群落的影响

许湘琴¹, 王莹莹¹^,², 陆强¹, 林植华¹, 陈慧丽¹^,^*()

¹杭州师范大学动物适应与进化杭州市重点实验室, 杭州 310036
²中国湿地博物馆, 杭州 310036);

收稿日期:2011-04-19 接受日期:2011-07-01 出版日期:2011-09-20 发布日期:2011-10-08
通讯作者: 陈慧丽
基金资助:
浙江省教育厅项目(Y200907936);国家自然科学基金(31100301);陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目(2010K01-086)

Effect of Solidago canadensis invasions on soil nematode communities in Hangzhou Bay

Xiangqin Xu¹, Yingying Wang¹^,², Qiang Lu¹, Zhihua Lin¹, Huili Chen¹^,^*()

¹Hangzhou Key Laboratory for Animal Adaptation and Evolution, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036
²National Wetland Museum of China, Hangzhou 310036

Received:2011-04-19 Accepted:2011-07-01 Online:2011-09-20 Published:2011-10-08
Contact: Huili Chen

1. 附录I 加拿大一枝黄花群落(S)和芦苇群落(P)中土壤线虫组成和营养类群.pdf(239KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来随着地下生态学的发展, 生态学家们逐渐重视生物入侵导致的地下生物多样性及其相关生态系统功能的改变。为探究加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadensis)入侵对土壤线虫的影响, 我们在杭州湾地区选取镇海、平湖、慈溪、奉贤、海盐和杭州6个研究地点, 比较外来种加拿大一枝黄花群落与土著种芦苇(Phragmites australis)群落土壤中的线虫群落结构和功能。结果显示: 两种植物群落土壤中的线虫属数和多样性没有显著差异, 而线虫营养多样性、大多数营养类群百分比以及线虫群落结构均存在显著差异, 表明加拿大一枝黄花的入侵在一定程度上改变了杭州湾地区土壤线虫的群落结构; 加拿大一枝黄花群落中土壤食真菌线虫比例趋于增加, 植食性线虫比例降低, 表明加拿大一枝黄花的入侵可能对土壤生态系统的能流途径产生影响, 在入侵地抗寄生线虫能力强于土著植物芦苇; 采样地点与植物的交互作用对线虫多样性和群落结构的影响显著, 表明入侵地点是决定加拿大一枝黄花对土壤生物影响的重要因素之一; 土壤颗粒组成、碳含量和氮含量是影响线虫群落结构的主要环境因子。

关键词: 植物入侵, Solidago canadensis, 线虫, 多样性, 群落结构

Abstract

Ecologists are increasingly focusing on the effects of biological invasions on soil biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. We compared soil nematodes under plant communities dominated by invasiveSolidago canadensis and native plant Phragmites australis at 6 sites (Zhenhai, Fengxian, Pinghu, Haiyan, Cixi and Hangzhou) in Hangzhou Bay to assess the effects of S. canadensis invasions on soil nematode communities. The total number of genera and diversity of soil nematode did not differ between S. canadensis and P. australis communities. Trophic diversity, most of the proportions of trophic groups and nematode community structure varied between the two plant communities. These results suggested that the invasion of S. canadensis changed soil community structure and functioning in Hangzhou Bay. Compared toP. australis communities, the proportion of fungivores tended to increase in soil underS. canadensis communities, suggesting that the invasion might modify soil nutrient cycling. The proportion of herbivores decreased in soil dominated by S. canadensis, suggesting that the exotic S. canadensisis less vulnerable to parasitic nematodes than the nativeP. australis. Interactions between plant community type and site were significant for nematode diversity and community structure, which indicated that site was an important factor in determining the impact of the invasive plant on soil fauna. Soil grain composition, soil carbon and soil nitrogen were identified as the most important factors in shaping nematode communities.

Key words: plant invasion, Solidago canadensis, nematodes, diversity, community structure

许湘琴, 王莹莹, 陆强, 林植华, 陈慧丽 (2011) 加拿大一枝黄花入侵对杭州湾地区土壤线虫群落的影响. 生物多样性, 19, 519-527. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09048.

Xiangqin Xu, Yingying Wang, Qiang Lu, Zhihua Lin, Huili Chen (2011) Effect of Solidago canadensis invasions on soil nematode communities in Hangzhou Bay. Biodiversity Science, 19, 519-527. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09048.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09048

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2011/V19/I5/519

图/表 6

参考文献 39

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		砂粒 Sand (%)	粉粒 Silt (%)	粘粒 Clay (%)	pH	总氮 Total nitrogen (mg/g)	总碳 Total carbon (mg/g)	株高 Height (cm)	植株密度 Shoot density (ind./m²)
镇海 Zhenhai	S	16.9 ± 1.4	45.0 ± 4.6	38.1 ± 5.5	8.7 ± 0.10	1.44 ± 0.24	65.23 ± 7.71	150 ± 18	116 ± 36
镇海 Zhenhai	P	13.5 ± 1.8	51.8 ± 3.0	34.7 ± 4.7	8.7 ± 0.07	0.61 ± 0.12	11.61 ± 0.58	156 ± 20	107 ± 44
奉贤 Fengxian	S	4.8 ± 0.8	23.9 ± 5.3	71.3 ± 6.0	8.7 ± 0.02	0.38 ± 0.10	11.89 ± 0.86	110 ± 4	98 ± 12
奉贤 Fengxian	P	5.4 ± 0.9	25.3 ± 1.6	69.3 ± 2.3	8.8 ± 0.03	0.46 ± 0.21	17.82 ± 1.43	161 ± 16	125 ± 23
平湖 Pinghu	S	6.5 ± 0.9	34.3 ± 1.8	59.1 ± 2.6	8.5 ± 0.17	0.49 ± 0.16	15.67 ± 1.58	143 ± 26	111 ± 24
平湖 Pinghu	P	8.7 ± 4.0	38.7 ± 14.4	52.6 ± 18.4	8.6 ± 0.02	1.21 ± 0.32	17.23 ± 0.87	220 ± 47	63 ± 6
海盐 Haiyan	S	9.4 ± 0.6	45.1 ± 1.4	45.6 ± 1.9	8.5 ± 0.15	1.04 ± 0.06	12.40 ± 0.32	114 ± 19	117 ± 63
海盐 Haiyan	P	12.5 ± 5.1	45.6 ± 14.4	41.9 ± 19.6	8.6 ± 0.04	0.61 ± 0.15	23.98 ± 2.55	190 ± 10	118 ± 26
慈溪 Cixi	S	6.7 ± 0.4	32.9 ± 1.6	60.4 ± 2.0	8.8 ± 0.05	0.91 ± 0.17	15.65 ± 3.52	177 ± 13	53 ± 15
慈溪 Cixi	P	2.0 ± 0.8	22.3 ± 2.6	75.7 ± 3.1	9.0 ± 0.41	0.33 ± 0.10	9.98 ± 0.31	156 ± 14	173 ± 28
杭州 Hangzhou	S	2.5 ± 0.9	16.9 ± 1.6	80.7 ± 2.5	8.7 ± 0.05	0.34 ± 0.09	9.36 ± 0.63	224 ± 25	92 ± 46
杭州 Hangzhou	P	2.0 ± 0.7	15.8 ± 0.4	82.2 ± 1.1	9.1 ± 0.08	0.31 ± 0.05	8.64 ± 0.87	173 ± 29	37 ± 10

		砂粒 Sand (%)	粉粒 Silt (%)	粘粒 Clay (%)	pH	总氮 Total nitrogen (mg/g)	总碳 Total carbon (mg/g)	株高 Height (cm)	植株密度 Shoot density (ind./m²)
镇海 Zhenhai	S	16.9 ± 1.4	45.0 ± 4.6	38.1 ± 5.5	8.7 ± 0.10	1.44 ± 0.24	65.23 ± 7.71	150 ± 18	116 ± 36
镇海 Zhenhai	P	13.5 ± 1.8	51.8 ± 3.0	34.7 ± 4.7	8.7 ± 0.07	0.61 ± 0.12	11.61 ± 0.58	156 ± 20	107 ± 44
奉贤 Fengxian	S	4.8 ± 0.8	23.9 ± 5.3	71.3 ± 6.0	8.7 ± 0.02	0.38 ± 0.10	11.89 ± 0.86	110 ± 4	98 ± 12
奉贤 Fengxian	P	5.4 ± 0.9	25.3 ± 1.6	69.3 ± 2.3	8.8 ± 0.03	0.46 ± 0.21	17.82 ± 1.43	161 ± 16	125 ± 23
平湖 Pinghu	S	6.5 ± 0.9	34.3 ± 1.8	59.1 ± 2.6	8.5 ± 0.17	0.49 ± 0.16	15.67 ± 1.58	143 ± 26	111 ± 24
平湖 Pinghu	P	8.7 ± 4.0	38.7 ± 14.4	52.6 ± 18.4	8.6 ± 0.02	1.21 ± 0.32	17.23 ± 0.87	220 ± 47	63 ± 6
海盐 Haiyan	S	9.4 ± 0.6	45.1 ± 1.4	45.6 ± 1.9	8.5 ± 0.15	1.04 ± 0.06	12.40 ± 0.32	114 ± 19	117 ± 63
海盐 Haiyan	P	12.5 ± 5.1	45.6 ± 14.4	41.9 ± 19.6	8.6 ± 0.04	0.61 ± 0.15	23.98 ± 2.55	190 ± 10	118 ± 26
慈溪 Cixi	S	6.7 ± 0.4	32.9 ± 1.6	60.4 ± 2.0	8.8 ± 0.05	0.91 ± 0.17	15.65 ± 3.52	177 ± 13	53 ± 15
慈溪 Cixi	P	2.0 ± 0.8	22.3 ± 2.6	75.7 ± 3.1	9.0 ± 0.41	0.33 ± 0.10	9.98 ± 0.31	156 ± 14	173 ± 28
杭州 Hangzhou	S	2.5 ± 0.9	16.9 ± 1.6	80.7 ± 2.5	8.7 ± 0.05	0.34 ± 0.09	9.36 ± 0.63	224 ± 25	92 ± 46
杭州 Hangzhou	P	2.0 ± 0.7	15.8 ± 0.4	82.2 ± 1.1	9.1 ± 0.08	0.31 ± 0.05	8.64 ± 0.87	173 ± 29	37 ± 10

变量 Variables	植物类型 Plant (df = 2)		地点 Site (df = 5)		植物类型×地点 Plant × Site (df = 5)
变量 Variables	F	P	F	P	F	P
砂粒 Sand (%)	0.59	0.449	41.75	< 0.001	4.31	0.004
粉粒 Silt (%)	0.02	0.897	30.31	< 0.001	1.76	0.145
粘粒 Clay (%)	0.01	0.928	33.33	< 0.001	1.75	0.149
pH	15.21	< 0.001	9.75	< 0.001	2.23	0.072
总氮 Total nitrogen	13.57	0.001	20.83	< 0.001	22.34	< 0.001
总碳 Total carbon	78.03	< 0.001	119.78	< 0.001	56.19	< 0.001
株高 Height	12.26	< 0.001	8.00	< 0.001	11.04	< 0.001
植株密度 Shoot density	0.42	0.52	3.34	0.014	7.84	< 0.001

变量 Variables	植物类型 Plant (df = 2)		地点 Site (df = 5)		植物类型×地点 Plant × Site (df = 5)
变量 Variables	F	P	F	P	F	P
砂粒 Sand (%)	0.59	0.449	41.75	< 0.001	4.31	0.004
粉粒 Silt (%)	0.02	0.897	30.31	< 0.001	1.76	0.145
粘粒 Clay (%)	0.01	0.928	33.33	< 0.001	1.75	0.149
pH	15.21	< 0.001	9.75	< 0.001	2.23	0.072
总氮 Total nitrogen	13.57	0.001	20.83	< 0.001	22.34	< 0.001
总碳 Total carbon	78.03	< 0.001	119.78	< 0.001	56.19	< 0.001
株高 Height	12.26	< 0.001	8.00	< 0.001	11.04	< 0.001
植株密度 Shoot density	0.42	0.52	3.34	0.014	7.84	< 0.001

变量 Variables	植物类型 Plant type (df = 1)		地点 Site (df = 5)		植物类型 × 地点 Plant type × Site (df = 5)
变量 Variables	F	P	F	P	F	P
属数 Genus number	2.56	0.118	24.18	< 0.001	6.90	< 0.001
密度 Density	3.59	0.006	5.76	< 0.001	5.28	< 0.001
Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H')	0.01	0.92	28.18	< 0.001	7.24	< 0.001
营养多样性指数 Trophic diversity index (TD)	17.05	< 0.001	17.50	< 0.001	3.76	0.008
富集指数 Enrichment index (EI)	11.52	0.002	20.62	< 0.001	13.15	< 0.001
结构指数 Structure index (SI)	9.07	0.005	4.08	0.005	3.39	0.013
线虫通路比值 Nematode channel ratio (NCR)	22.94	< 0.001	9.29	< 0.001	5.37	< 0.001
植食性线虫 Herbivores (%)	24.14	< 0.001	54.20	< 0.001	11.85	< 0.001
食藻类线虫 Algal feeders (%)	0.90	0.348	6.78	< 0.001	7.17	< 0.001
食细菌线虫 Bacterivores (%)	10.96	0.002	78.34	< 0.001	15.69	< 0.001
食真菌线虫 Fungivores (%)	34.65	< 0.001	8.98	< 0.001	5.42	< 0.001
杂食性线虫 Omnivores (%)	11.89	0.001	14.01	< 0.001	9.10	< 0.001
捕食性线虫 Carnivores (%)	14.65	< 0.001	5.98	< 0.001	8.70	< 0.001

加拿大一枝黄花入侵对杭州湾地区土壤线虫群落的影响

Effect of Solidago canadensis invasions on soil nematode communities in Hangzhou Bay

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