生物多样性 ›› 2011, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (1): 71-78. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.08080
所属专题: 青藏高原生物多样性与生态安全
收稿日期:
2010-04-03
接受日期:
2010-09-26
出版日期:
2011-01-20
发布日期:
2011-04-01
通讯作者:
王正寰
作者简介:
*E-mail: zhwang@bio.ecnu.edu.cn基金资助:
Bo Ma1, Xiaoming Wang1,3, Xiaoqing Liu1, Zhenghuan Wang1,2,*()
Received:
2010-04-03
Accepted:
2010-09-26
Online:
2011-01-20
Published:
2011-04-01
Contact:
Zhenghuan Wang
摘要:
高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)是青藏高原高寒草甸生态系统的关键种, 其生境利用特征对高寒草甸植被保护的影响一直是重要的研究内容。我们于2008年9月在四川省石渠县云波沟面积为44 km2的研究区域内进行了高原鼠兔有效洞穴数量样线调查。该地区一直以来放牧压力较小, 2006年起执行国家西部退牧还草政策后, 放牧完全停止。调查期间共完成样线7条, 总长度19 km, 获得取样单元2,423个。根据中巴资源2号卫星2008年9月18日拍摄的遥感图像计算并提取研究区域归一化植被指数(normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI)数据。利用石渠县地形数字地图建立数字高程模型计算坡度。用Bonferroni z 检验比较取样单元内鼠兔洞穴数量与NDVI以及洞穴数量与坡度间的相互关系发现: NDVI值较低区间(0.1-0.3)内鼠兔洞穴数量显著低于理论预期值, 中等NDVI值区间(0.3-0.4)内鼠兔洞穴的数量与理论值没有显著差异, 而NDVI值较高区间(0.4-0.6)内, 鼠兔洞穴的数量显著高于理论预期。回归分析结果表明: NDVI与洞穴数有显著正相关的线性回归关系 y = 16.50 x+ 0.87(R2= 0.78,P<0.001); 鼠兔有效洞穴数量和坡度没有显著的线性关系(R2= 0.04, P = 0.441)。因此, 我们认为在无家畜竞争的自然环境中, 栖息地植被的质量是影响高原鼠兔空间分布的重要因素。高原鼠兔有选择地利用植被较好的生境而避免使用植被过度退化的生境, 这种利用方式在客观上防止了栖息地植被的过度破坏。
马波, 王小明, 刘晓庆, 王正寰 (2011) 高原鼠兔洞穴数量与其栖息地植被分布格局的GIS分析. 生物多样性, 19, 71-78. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.08080.
Bo Ma, Xiaoming Wang, Xiaoqing Liu, Zhenghuan Wang (2011) GIS analysis of the spatial relationship between plateau pika burrow distribution and vegetation distributional patterns. Biodiversity Science, 19, 71-78. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.08080.
NDVI分级 NDVI groups | NDVI均值 Mean value of each NDVI group (± SD) | 像元数 Number of pixels | 各级像元所占比率 Percentage of pixels in each group (%) |
---|---|---|---|
0.1-0.2 | 0.164 ± 0.029 | 3,166 | 2.8 |
0.2-0.3 | 0.266 ± 0.025 | 19,978 | 17.4 |
0.3-0.4 | 0.353 ± 0.029 | 47,482 | 41.4 |
0.4-0.5 | 0.440 ± 0.024 | 43,305 | 37.8 |
0.5-0.6 | 0.510 ± 0.079 | 639 | 0.6 |
总数 Total | 0.366 ± 0.076 | 114,570 | 100 |
表1 石渠县云波沟研究地区NDVI总体分布
Table 1 The distribution of NDVI values in the study area in Yunbo Gou, Shiqu County.
NDVI分级 NDVI groups | NDVI均值 Mean value of each NDVI group (± SD) | 像元数 Number of pixels | 各级像元所占比率 Percentage of pixels in each group (%) |
---|---|---|---|
0.1-0.2 | 0.164 ± 0.029 | 3,166 | 2.8 |
0.2-0.3 | 0.266 ± 0.025 | 19,978 | 17.4 |
0.3-0.4 | 0.353 ± 0.029 | 47,482 | 41.4 |
0.4-0.5 | 0.440 ± 0.024 | 43,305 | 37.8 |
0.5-0.6 | 0.510 ± 0.079 | 639 | 0.6 |
总数 Total | 0.366 ± 0.076 | 114,570 | 100 |
NDVI分级 NDVI group | 取样单元数 Number of sampling units | 理论比例 Theoretical proportion (Pt)a | 洞穴数观测值 Observed burrow number | 洞穴数期望值 Expected burrow number b | 洞穴数观测值比例 Proportion of observed burrow number in each group (Po)c | 洞穴数观测值比例Bonferroni95%置信区间 95% Bonferroni intervals of Po | 显著性 Significance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.1-0.2 | 43 | 0.018 | 180 | 293 | 0.011 | 0.009 ≤ Po≤ 0.012 | – |
0.2-0.3 | 324 | 0.134 | 1,672 | 2,207 | 0.101 | 0.095 ≤ Po≤ 0.107 | – |
0.3-0.4 | 1,082 | 0.446 | 7,246 | 7,372 | 0.439 | 0.429 ≤ Po≤ 0.449 | 0 |
0.4-0.5 | 962 | 0.397 | 7,273 | 6,554 | 0.441 | 0.441 ≤ Po≤ 0.449 | + |
0.5-0.6 | 12 | 0.005 | 137 | 82 | 0.008 | 0.006 ≤ Po≤ 0.010 | + |
总数 Total | 2,423 | 16,508 |
表2 高原鼠兔有效洞穴数量在各级NDVI组中分布的Bonferroni z检验
Table 2 Bonferroni z test results of the distribution of active plateau pika burrow numbers in each NDVI group
NDVI分级 NDVI group | 取样单元数 Number of sampling units | 理论比例 Theoretical proportion (Pt)a | 洞穴数观测值 Observed burrow number | 洞穴数期望值 Expected burrow number b | 洞穴数观测值比例 Proportion of observed burrow number in each group (Po)c | 洞穴数观测值比例Bonferroni95%置信区间 95% Bonferroni intervals of Po | 显著性 Significance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.1-0.2 | 43 | 0.018 | 180 | 293 | 0.011 | 0.009 ≤ Po≤ 0.012 | – |
0.2-0.3 | 324 | 0.134 | 1,672 | 2,207 | 0.101 | 0.095 ≤ Po≤ 0.107 | – |
0.3-0.4 | 1,082 | 0.446 | 7,246 | 7,372 | 0.439 | 0.429 ≤ Po≤ 0.449 | 0 |
0.4-0.5 | 962 | 0.397 | 7,273 | 6,554 | 0.441 | 0.441 ≤ Po≤ 0.449 | + |
0.5-0.6 | 12 | 0.005 | 137 | 82 | 0.008 | 0.006 ≤ Po≤ 0.010 | + |
总数 Total | 2,423 | 16,508 |
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